Newton’s first law lab - WELCOME TO MR.FLEMING SCIENCE
Newton’s First Law
|Method – draw the procedure |Observations – what happened? |Results & conclusions - explanation |
|Predict what you think will happen: | | |
|Predict what you think will happen: | | |
|Predict what you think will happen: | | |
Summary: Explain how Newton’s First Law of Motion allows us to predict motion
Materials required
|Inertia labs |Forces labs |
|Wacky washers |Dancing circles |
|6 washers |Al foil |
| |Paper punch |
|Pass the water |Styrofoam cup |
|Shallow baking pan | |
|Pitcher of water |Center of gravity |
| |Hammer |
|Tablecloth trick |Rubber band |
|Flask |Ruler |
|Note cards | |
|Stack of pennies |Round the world |
| |Rubber stopper |
|Air hockey |String |
|Dry ice | |
| |Driving uphill |
|Seat belts save lives |Pull-back car |
|Matchbox car |Meter stick |
|Clay |Ramp |
|Ramp | |
|Tape |Projectile motion |
|Pencil |Computer |
| |Forces and gravity CD |
|Circular motion | |
|Modified aluminum pie pan |The pressure’s on |
|Marble |Water |
| |Plastic cup |
| |Note cards |
Wacky washers
|To do |You will need |
| |6 washers or pennies |
| |Smooth surface |
| | |
| |Stack 5 washers one on top of the other so that you form a tower of washers. Place the stack of washers on a smooth |
| |surface. |
| |Aim the last washer at the bottom of the stack of and give it a good hard flick with your finger or hand. |
| | |
| |[pic] |
| | |
|To observe |Observe carefully. Try some other things: does it work with more or fewer washers? |
| | |
| |Record your observations. |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Use labeled diagrams if appropriate. Your explanation |
| |should make it clear that you understand Newton’s First Law. |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity and/or friction |
Pass the water
|To do |You will need |
| |Shallow baking pan |
| |Pitcher of water |
| | |
| |This is an outdoor activity. Fill in the first column; get your materials; and go outside so you don’t make a mess |
| |inside. |
| | |
| |Fill the pan with water to the brim. |
| |Hold the pan of water level, and walk around. As you walk, make careful observations of the water and of your |
| |tendency to be more or less careful of spilling it at various locations. If you spill a significant amount of water |
| |at any time, refill the water to the rim. Your walking should include the various types of motion: |
| |Starting with the water at rest on top of a bench, abruptly accelerate the water to a high speed in a short amount |
| |of time. |
| |Walk with a constant speed in a straight line for at least 20 feet. |
| |After walking for a given distance in a straight line, make an abrupt right-hand turn; repeat this procedure for a |
| |abrupt left-hand turn. |
| |After walking some given distance in a straight line at a moderate speed, abruptly stop. |
|To observe |Record your observations; including what happened under a variety of conditions. |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Use labeled diagrams if appropriate. Your explanation |
| |should make it clear that you understand Newton’s First Law. |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity and/or friction |
Tablecloth trick
|To do |You will need |
| |Erlenmeyer flask |
| |Note card |
| |Stack of pennies |
| |[pic] |
| | |
| |Set up the apparatus as shown. Flick the card with your finger. |
|To observe |Experiment – how many pennies can you drop into the flask? |
| |Record your observations. How many pennies could you drop into the flask? What was the best technique? |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Use labeled diagrams if appropriate. Your explanation |
| |should make it clear that you understand Newton’s First Law. |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity and/or friction |
Air hockey
|To do |You will need |
| |Dry ice |
| |A smooth surface |
| | |
| |Caution – don’t do anything stupid with the dry ice. There are many ways to be stupid (or unsafe); avoid them all. |
| | |
| |Flick the dry ice across the table. |
|To observe |Try to figure out why this is so much fun. |
| |Does the dry ice move the same way as other objects moving across a smooth surface? |
| |Can you discover why? |
| |How far can you make it move? |
| |Does it to the same thing on a rough surface? |
| | |
| |Record your observations. |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Use labeled diagrams if appropriate. Your explanation |
| |should make it clear that you understand Newton’s First Law. |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity and/or friction |
Seat belts save lives
|To do |You will need: |
| |Matchbox car |
| |Clay |
| |Ramp |
| |Tape |
| |Marker |
| |Textbook |
| |[pic] |
| |1. Make a ramp by elevating one end on a book. |
| |2. Tape the marker perpendicular to the ramp about 2 car lengths from the end of the ruler. |
| |3. Use the clay to make a snowman type figure. |
| |4. Flatten the bottom and gently sit it on the hood of the car. |
| |5. Position the car at the top of the ramp and allow it to roll down to collide with the pencil. |
|To observe |You can experiment with different heights. You can fasten the clay tightly to the car to simulate wearing a seat |
| |belt. |
| | |
| |Describe what happened. |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Use labeled diagrams if appropriate. Your explanation |
| |should make it clear that you understand Newton’s First Law. |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity and/or friction |
Circular motion
|To do |You will need: |
| |¾ aluminum pie plate |
| |Marble |
| | |
| |Which way will the Moon go if the earth's gravity were suddenly switched off? |
| | |
| |The Pie Plate demo gives a good analogy. Spin a ball around the inside rim of the plate. The inward force of the rim|
| |keeps the ball in circular motion. But what happens when the rim ends? |
| |[pic] |
|To observe |What did you have to do to get the marble to follow around the rim of the pie plate? Describe the motion of the |
| |marble when it leaves the rim of the pie plate. |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Use labeled diagrams if appropriate. Your explanation |
| |should make it clear that you understand Newton’s First Law. |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity and/or friction |
Dancing circles
|To do |You will need |
| |Aluminum foil circles |
| |Paper circles |
| |Styrofoam cup |
| | |
| |Lay the paper and foil pieces on the table in separate piles. |
| |Place a static charge on the Styrofoam cup by rubbing it on your clothes. |
| |[pic] |
| |Bring the Styrofoam cup close to – but not touching – each pile. Describe what happens. |
| | |
| |Prediction – will there be any reaction? Will they behave the same? |
|To observe |Describe what happened to each pile of materials. |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Use labeled diagrams if appropriate. Your explanation |
| |should make it clear that you understand Newton’s First Law. |
| | |
| |Hint: the aluminum and paper pieces were originally at rest. |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity, friction or other forces |
Center of mass
|To do |You will need |
| |Hammer |
| |Ruler |
| |Rubber band |
| | |
| |Attach the hammer to the ruler with a rubber band and suspend it from the edge of the table as shown. You may have |
| |to try this several times. |
| |[pic] |
|To observe |Describe what happened. Did you have to make any modifications? |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Use labeled diagrams if appropriate. Your explanation |
| |should make it clear that you understand Newton’s First Law. |
| | |
| |Hint: if you balance it correctly, the hammer will not be moving. |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity and/or friction |
Round the world
|To do |You will need |
| |Stopper on a string |
| | |
| |This is an outdoor activity. Fill in the first column; get your materials; and go outside. Before continuing, make |
| |sure no one is in the way. |
| | |
| | |
| |[pic] |
| | |
| |Spin the stopper fast enough so that it makes a nice circle. Release the string and watch carefully where the |
| |stopper goes. Repeat as necessary until you are sure of the rubber stopper’s path. |
|To observe |Describe what happens to the stopper when it is released (you want to know its path). |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Use labeled diagrams if appropriate. Your explanation |
| |should make it clear that you understand Newton’s First Law. |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity and/or friction |
Driving up hill
|To do |You will need |
| |A pull-back toy car |
| |A meter stick |
| |A ramp |
| |Textbooks to elevate ramp |
| | |
| |Measure the distance that the toy car can go on a flat surface and going up a ramp. Remember to pull the car back |
| |the same amount each time so the forward force is the same in each instance. |
|To observe |Construct and fill out a data table: |
| | |
| | |
| |Distance traveled, m |
| | |
| |Flat surface |
| | |
| | |
| |Going uphill with one book |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |Investigate if steeper angles change your results. |
| | |
| |Record your data: how far does the car travel on a level surface and uphill ramp? |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Use labeled diagrams if appropriate. Your explanation |
| |should make it clear that you understand Newton’s First Law. |
| | |
| |Hint: why were the results different on the flat surface and up the ramp? |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity and/or friction |
Projectile motion
|To do |This is a virtual lab (computer simulation). |
| | |
| |You will need: |
| |A computer with CD |
| | |
| |Open the file Forces and Gravity 2.0 |
| |Choose Simulations |
| |Choose projectile motion |
| | |
| |Select one variable to change – location, ball’s mass, speed or angle. Test at least three different values and are|
| |report on your observations. |
| | |
| |(There is nothing to predict before you open the software.) |
|To observe |Record your data and discuss how changing one variable affected the other variable. |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Use labeled diagrams if appropriate. Your explanation |
| |should make it clear that you understand Newton’s First Law. |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity and/or friction |
The pressure’s on
|To do |You will need: |
| |Water |
| |Plastic cup |
| |Note card |
| |Plastic pan |
| | |
| |This is an outdoor activity. Fill in the first column; get your materials; and go outside so you don’t make a mess |
| |inside. |
| | |
| |Fill the cup to the brim with water. This will only work if the cup is totally full. |
| | |
| |Place the note card on top to make a tight connection. |
| | |
| |With your hand supporting the note card, quickly invert the card and cup (put it over the plastic pan). |
| | |
| |Remove your hand. |
|To observe |Describe what happened. |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Use labeled diagrams if appropriate. Your explanation |
| |should make it clear that you understand Newton’s First Law. |
| | |
| |Hint: if gravity pulls down, why didn’t the water fall out? |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity and/or friction |
I’m attracted to you
|To do |You will need: |
| |Magnet |
| |Paper clips |
| |String |
| |Masking tape |
| | |
| |Tie one end of a string to a paper clip. Tape the other end of the string securely to the table. |
| | |
| |Place the magnet about ½ inch away from the paper clip. Slowly lift the magnet, so that it remains consistently ½ |
| |inch away from the paper clip at all times. |
|To observe |Describe what happened. |
| | |
| |Questions to consider: |
| |What limits the paper clips motion? |
| |How many paper clips can you lift? |
| |Can you make the paper clip drop by putting a piece of paper in between the magnet and the paper clip? |
|To explain |Explain your observations in terms of Newton’s First Law. Hint: the paper clip was initially at rest. Once in the |
| |air, gravity pulls on it. |
| | |
| |Newton’s First Law says: an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a |
| |constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force. |
| | |
| |You will want to use some of the following words: |
| |Force |
| |Balanced, unbalanced and net forces |
| |Inertia |
| |Gravity, friction or other forces |
Labs adapted from …
Wacky washers
Washers 2 (card trick)
Pass the water
Dry ice
Why you should wear seat belts
Circular motion - Partial pie plate
Group 2: forces Pendulum
Car going up hill
Magnetism
Dancing circles – TOPS Electricity #7
Centrifugal force
Rubber stopper on a string, Steppans page 100
Center of mass
Steppans book, page 72
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