7th Grade Astronomy Study Guide - Chapters 1 and 2
7th Grade Astronomy Study Guide - Chapters 1 and 2
Completion
Complete each statement.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
doppler effect red shift blue shift
1. An effect in which a star or galaxy appears to move quickly away from an observer is called ____________________.
2. A phenomenon in which sound seems to increase or decrease in relation to the direction it is moving is the ____________________.
|altitude |declination |
|ecliptic |constellation |
| | |
| | |
| | |
3. The apparent path of the sun across the celestial sphere as seen from Earth is called the ____________________.
4. One can tell how far north or south an object is from the celestial equator by the object’s ____________________.
5. Ursa Minor is an example of a(n) ____________________.
6. The angular distance between a star and the horizon is the star’s____________________.
7. When a star or galaxy appears to move quickly toward an observer, an effect called ____________________ occurs.
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement below.
|a. |Vernal Equinox |b. |Light Year |
____ 8. the sun’s location on the first day of spring
____ 9. the distance that light travels in one year
Match each item with the correct statement below.
|a. |Galileo Gallilei |e. |Copernicus |
|b. |Tycho Brahe |f. |Edwin Hubble |
|c. |Johannes Kepler |g. |Ptolemy |
|d. |Sir Isaac Newton |
____ 10. proved the existence of galaxies other than the Milky Way
____ 11. developed a theory of an Earth-centered universe in 140 CE
____ 12. was one of the first persons to use a telescope to observe celestial bodies
____ 13. used a mural quadrant to measure the positions of planets and stars
____ 14. stated that planets move in elliptical orbits around the sun
____ 15. developed a theory of a sun-centered universe
____ 16. showed that planets and moons stay in orbit due to gravity
Essay
17. Imagine you were planning to purchase a telescope so that you could more closely observe constellations in the night sky. Would you buy a refracting telescope or a reflecting telescope? Explain your answer.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 18. A star’s apparent shift in position is called a(n)
|a. |light-year. |c. |galaxy. |
|b. |parallax. |d. |absolute. |
____ 19. Which of the following are large clouds of gas and dust?
|a. |a galaxy |c. |a nebula |
|b. |a neutron star |d. |a globular cluster |
____ 20. The H-R diagram shows the relationship of a star’s surface temperature and its
|a. |apparent magnitude. |c. |color. |
|b. |size. |d. |absolute magnitude. |
____ 21. The vernal equinox is used to establish a star’s
|a. |right ascension. |c. |declination. |
|b. |zenith. |d. |distance from the Earth. |
____ 22. What is a constellation?
|a. |a star pattern |c. |a region of the sky |
|b. |a galaxy |d. |a group of stars |
____ 23. What did redshift tell Hubble about the universe?
|a. |The universe is getting colder. |c. |The universe is getting redder. |
|b. |The universe is getting smaller. |d. |The universe is getting larger. |
____ 24. How long does Earth take to rotate once on its axis?
|a. |day |c. |week |
|b. |month |d. |year |
____ 25. How long does Earth take to orbit once around the sun?
|a. |week |c. |day |
|b. |year |d. |month |
____ 26. Why do astronomers put telescopes in space?
|a. |to avoid interference from the Earth’s atmosphere |
|b. |to avoid noise pollution |
|c. |to reduce air pollution |
|d. |to get closer to objects in space |
____ 27. An advantage of reflecting telescopes over refracting telescopes is that
|a. |they use lenses to focus light. |
|b. |mirrors only reflect certain colors of light for better focus. |
|c. |mirror sizes are all the same for ease of use. |
|d. |flaws in the glass do not affect the incoming light. |
____ 28. All of the following are major types of galaxies EXCEPT
|a. |elliptical galaxy. |c. |triangular galaxy. |
|b. |spiral galaxy. |d. |irregular galaxy. |
____ 29. Which of the following statements is true?
|a. |The universe contracts and expands on a regular basis. |
|b. |The universe is getting smaller every day. |
|c. |Scientists do not know if the universe is getting larger or smaller. |
|d. |The universe is expanding outward. |
____ 30. The color of a star depends on its
|a. |magnitude. |c. |size. |
|b. |temperature. |d. |shape. |
____ 31. Which of the following scientists thought the Earth was at the center of the universe?
|a. |Hubble |c. |Newton |
|b. |Copernicus |d. |Ptolemy |
____ 32. Where are open clusters found?
|a. |in the spherical halo of spiral galaxies and near elliptical galaxies |
|b. |in the center bulge of spiral galaxies |
|c. |along the spiral disk of galaxies |
|d. |in the spiral arms of spiral galaxies |
____ 33. Which of the following shows the sequence of a star’s life cycle from its earliest stage to its latest stage?
|a. |main sequence, red giant, white dwarf |
|b. |main sequence, white dwarf, red giant |
|c. |red giant, white dwarf, main sequence |
|d. |white dwarf, main sequence, red giant |
____ 34. Which of the following magnitudes indicates the brightest star?
|a. |+4 |c. |0 |
|b. |–0.11 |d. |–1 |
____ 35. Where are globular clusters found?
|a. |along the spiral disk of galaxies |
|b. |in the spiral arms of spiral galaxies |
|c. |in the spherical halo of spiral galaxies and near elliptical galaxies |
|d. |in the center bulge of spiral galaxies |
____ 36. According to the big bang theory, the universe is about
|a. |4.7 billion years old. |c. |470 billion years old. |
|b. |13.7 billion years old. |d. |500 billion years old. |
____ 37. Scientists think that the Milky Way probably is
|a. |an irregular galaxy. |c. |an elliptical galaxy. |
|b. |a spiral galaxy. |d. |a nebula. |
____ 38. What is the imaginary sphere, created by scientists, that surrounds the Earth?
|a. |an astrolabe |c. |a celestial sphere |
|b. |a zenith |d. |an ecliptic |
____ 39. What is cosmology?
|a. |the study of the makeup of stars |
|b. |the study of space travel |
|c. |the study of the universe’s origin, structure, and future |
|d. |the study of the solar system |
____ 40. What is an imaginary point directly above an observer’s head?
|a. |celestial sphere |c. |zenith |
|b. |altitude |d. |right ascension |
____ 41. Copernicus’s theory was not accepted when he first proposed it because he stated that the sun was
|a. |the center of the universe. |c. |a source of energy. |
|b. |about 93 million miles away. |d. |an average star. |
____ 42. How does the Earth’s atmosphere affect starlight?
|a. |It causes it to change colors. |c. |It stretches it. |
|b. |It blocks it. |d. |It causes it to shimmer and blur. |
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