2020 Population Trends - Wa

State of Washington

2020 Population Trends

Forecasting & Research Division

Office of Financial Management August 2020

To accommodate persons with disabilities, this document is available in alternative formats by calling the Office of Financial Management at 360-902-0401. TTY/TDD users should contact OFM via the Washington Relay Service at 711 or 1-800-833-6388.

This publication and other current and historical demographic data are available electronically.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Part 1. State, County and City Populations

1 Summary of Population Trends: Washington State

1

Figure 1: State Population Change and Components of Change

2

Figure 2: Driver's Licenses Surrendered to Washington

2

Figure 3: Births, Deaths and Natural Increase

3

Figure 4: Change in Housing Units

3 Summary of Population Trends: Counties and Cities

4

Figure 5: Percentage Change in Population by Region

6

Figure 6: Distribution of Population Change by County

7 Part 2. Data Tables

7 Table 1: Population and Components of Population Change 8 Table 2: Population and Components of Population Change by County: April 1, 2000, to April 1, 2010 9 Table 3: Population and Components of Population Change by County: April 1, 2010, to April 1, 2020 11 Table 4: Populations of Cities, Towns and Counties: April 1, 2010, to April 1, 2020 18 Table 5: Federal Corrections and OFM Adjustments to Census 2010 Public Law 94-171 Counts 20 Table 6: Rank of Cities and Towns by April 1, 2020, Population Size 26 Table 7: Alphabetical Listing of Cities and Towns with April 1, 2020, Population 29 Table 8: Housing Units by Structure Type for Cities, Towns and Counties: April 1, 2010, and April 1, 2020 37 Table 9: Annexations, Incorporations and Other Municipal Boundary Changes Approved by OFM 44 Table 10: Population Age 65 Years and Over by County 45 Table 11: Intercensal Estimates of Population by County: April 1, 2000, to April 1, 2010

46 Part 3. Supplemental Population Information

46 Washington State Statutes Related to the Population Estimates Program 46 Population Estimates Development 47 Small Area Estimates Program 48 Small Area Demographic Estimates 48 Population Data Products 49 Washington State Data Center and Business and Industry Data Center 50 Acknowledgments

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Part 1

STATE, COUNTY AND CITY POPULATIONS

POPULATION TRENDS provides demographic data for Washington state counties, cities

and towns as of April 1, 2020. Population determinations contained in this document are developed by the Office of Financial Management and represent the state's official population figures. Population figures for Washington's counties, cities and towns have been prepared on an annual basis for more than five decades. These estimates are cited in numerous statutes using population as criteria for fund allocation, program eligibility and determination of county participation under the Growth Management Act.

The 2020 population estimates will be used for state program administration and in allocation of selected state revenues beginning in January 2021 as specified in RCW 36.13.100, 43.62.020, 43.62.030, 66.08.200 and 66.08.210.

Summary of Population Trends: Washington State

The April 1, 2020, population estimate places Washington's population at 7,656,200. The state population grew by 109,800 persons, or 1.5%, over the past year. Although growth is down slightly from last year (-0.1%), it remains strong by historical standards. The COVID-19 crisis did not have a discernible impact on the 2020 estimates because most population change occurred before the crisis began.

Migration is once again the primary driver behind Washington's population growth. The net migration gain of 83,400 persons accounted for 76% of the state's population growth, with natural increase (births minus deaths) responsible for the other 24%, or 26,300 persons. This is the seventh consecutive year that migration has exceeded the prior decade average of 45,000.

160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000

80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000

0 -20,000

1980

Figure 1. State Population Change and Components of Change

Population Change Natural Increase Net Migration

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

1

Driver's license data can be used to provide trend information about migration flows between Washington and other states. Approximately 46% of in-movers to Washington last year came from California, Oregon, Texas, Florida, and Arizona. The 12-month total of in-movers from these five states was 68,800, but this statistic is missing data from mid-March to April 1 due to COVID-19 office closures. The remaining states accounted for 48% of in-migrants, with 6% arriving from other countries.

Figure 2. Driver's Licenses Surrendered to Washington

6.1% 4.0% 21.1%

47.6%

4.2% 11.2%

Arizona California Florida Oregon Texas Rest of U.S. Outside of U.S.

5.8%

During the past year, 26,300 persons were added to the state's population due to natural increase, down 2,300 from the prior year. Due to lower fertility rates, births have been relatively stable even though there are more women of childbearing age. Deaths have been increasing as the population ages. Natural increase, as a share of state total population growth, is expected to gradually decline over time due to increasing mortality. Last decade, population growth due to natural increase averaged 38,000 persons per year, or 46% of total population growth, while this decade, natural increase is averaging 33,800 persons per year, or 36% of total population growth.

Figure 3. Births, Deaths and Natural Increase

100,000

80,000

60,000

40,000

20,000

0 1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

Births Deaths Natural Increase

2020

2

Housing, another indicator of population change, continued to strengthen in 2020. Housing growth in 2020 increased by 4% over the previous year. Washington added 46,800 housing units last year -- 1,800 more than the previous year. This marks the second time this decade that annual housing change has exceeded the prior decade average of 43,500 housing units. Annual average housing change this decade is 33,200 units, 24% below the prior decade's average. Statewide, 54% of all new housing units were associated with multi-family structures.

Figure 4. Change in Housing Units

60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000

0 1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

Summary of Population Trends: Counties and Cities

Population growth remains concentrated in the five largest metropolitan counties. For the third year in a row, nearly 70% of state population growth occurred in the state's five largest counties: Clark, King, Pierce, Snohomish and Spokane. King County accounted for the largest share of state growth this year, at 31%, followed by Pierce and Snohomish at 11% each. The state's 20 nonmetropolitan counties accounted for 8% of population growth, about the same as the previous year.

Different county classification schemes can be used to examine population change in more detail. In 2020, Eastern Washington grew by 1.4% and Western Washington by 1.5%. Counties along the Interstate 5 corridor grew by 1.5% versus 1.3% for the rest of the state. Metropolitan counties grew 1.5% compared to nonmetropolitan counties, which grew 1.1%. Counties that border, or are within, Puget Sound grew by 1.4% versus non-Puget Sound counties, which grew by 1.5%. Rural counties, defined by RCW 82.14.370, grew by 1.2% versus 1.5% for non-rural counties. Distressed area counties, defined by RCW 43.168.020, grew by 1.3% versus 1.5% for the remaining counties.

3

3.0% 2.5% 2.0% 1.5% 1.0% 0.5% 0.0%

1995

3.0% 2.5% 2.0% 1.5% 1.0% 0.5% 0.0%

1995

3.0% 2.5% 2.0% 1.5% 1.0% 0.5% 0.0%

1995

Figure 5. Percentage Change in Population by Region

Western Wash Eastern Wash

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

I-5 Corridor Other

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

Metro Nonmetro

2000

2005

2010

4

2015

2020

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