Test Review Chapter 1



Test Review Chapter 2

(Mearsurment & Calculations)

The first page of the test will be matching. Any or all definitions given in the notes or book are fair game.

Any of the questions or type of problems from the home work or book are also fair game for the test.

For sure you should be able to :

1. Fill in the correct prefixes and abbreviations on the "Z".

[metric system conversions]

2. Convert within the metric system.

Ex: Work sheet 2-1.

3. Distinguish between or name 3 examples of chemical and physical properties.

4. Look at a number and tell how many significant digits it has.

Ex: Work sheet 2-2 [Sig figs]

5. Express numbers in scientific and positional notation.

Ex: Work sheet 2-3 [Scientific notation]

6. Explain the difference in sig figs.

Ex: What is the difference in 1 and 1.0?

7. Read a balance correctly and record the mass.

8. Answer any question or perform calculations from the density lab.

10. Explain why water turns over in the spring and fall.

11. Explain the difference between mass and weight.

12. Be able to answer any questions from the rest of this review.

2

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. The reason for organizing, analyzing, and classifying data is

|a. |so that computers can be used. |

|b. |to prove a law. |

|c. |to find relationships among the data. |

|d. |to separate qualitative and quantitative data. |

____ 2. A testable statement used for making predictions and carrying out further experiments is a

|a. |law. |c. |generalization. |

|b. |theory. |d. |hypothesis. |

____ 3. A theory is best described as a

|a. |series of experimental observations. |

|b. |generalization that explains a body of known facts or phenomena. |

|c. |scientifically proven fact. |

|d. |testable statement. |

____ 4. The validity of scientific concepts is evaluated by

|a. |collecting facts. |c. |voting by scientists. |

|b. |providing explanations. |d. |testing hypotheses. |

____ 5. All but one of these units are SI base units. The exception is the

|a. |kilogram. |c. |liter. |

|b. |second. |d. |Kelvin. |

____ 6. The SI standard units for length and mass are

|a. |centimeter and gram. |c. |centimeter and kilogram. |

|b. |meter and gram. |d. |meter and kilogram. |

____ 7. The metric unit for length that is closest to the thickness of a dime is the

|a. |micrometer. |c. |centimeter. |

|b. |millimeter. |d. |decimeter. |

____ 8. The symbol mm represents

|a. |micrometer. |c. |milliliter. |

|b. |millimeter. |d. |meter. |

____ 9. The symbols for units of length in order from smallest to largest are

|a. |m, cm, mm, km. |c. |km, mm, cm, m. |

|b. |mm, m, cm, km. |d. |mm, cm, m, km. |

____ 10. The symbol for the metric unit used to measure mass is

|a. |m. |c. |g. |

|b. |mm. |d. |L. |

____ 11. The unit m3 measures

|a. |length. |c. |volume. |

|b. |mass. |d. |density. |

____ 12. The standard unit for mass is the

|a. |gram. |c. |meter. |

|b. |cubic centimeter. |d. |kilogram. |

____ 13. The symbol that represents the measured unit for volume is

|a. |mL. |c. |mm. |

|b. |mg. |d. |cm. |

____ 14. The SI base unit for time is the

|a. |day. |c. |minute. |

|b. |hour. |d. |second. |

____ 15. The most appropriate SI unit for measuring the length of an automobile is the

|a. |centimeter. |c. |meter. |

|b. |kilometer. |d. |liter. |

____ 16. A change in the force of Earth's gravity on an object will affect its

|a. |mass. |c. |weight. |

|b. |density. |d. |kinetic energy. |

____ 17. A measure of Earth's gravitational pull on matter is

|a. |density. |c. |volume. |

|b. |weight. |d. |mass. |

____ 18. To determine density, the quantities that must be measured are

|a. |mass and weight. |c. |volume and concentration. |

|b. |volume and weight. |d. |volume and mass. |

____ 19. The relationship between the mass m of a material, its volume V, and its density D is

|a. |V = mD. |c. |DV = m. |

|b. |Vm = D. |d. |D + V = m. |

____ 20. To calculate the density of an object,

|a. |multiply its mass and its volume. |c. |divide its volume by its mass. |

|b. |divide its mass by its volume. |d. |divide its mass by its area. |

____ 21. The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/cm3. The volume of a solid piece of aluminum is 1.50 cm3. Find its mass.

|a. |1.50 g |c. |2.70 g |

|b. |1.80 g |d. |4.05 g |

____ 22. The mass of a 5.00 cm3 sample of gold is 96.5 g. The density of gold is

|a. |0.0518 g/cm3. |c. |101.5 g/cm3. |

|b. |19.3 g/cm3. |d. |483 g/cm3. |

____ 23. The density of pure diamond is 3.5 g/cm3. The mass of a diamond is 0.25 g. Find its volume.

|a. |0.071 cm3 |c. |3.5 cm3 |

|b. |0.875 cm3 |d. |14 cm3 |

____ 24. What is the density of 37.72 g of matter whose volume is 6.80 cm3?

|a. |0.18 g/cm3 |c. |30.92 g/cm3 |

|b. |5.55 g/cm3 |d. |256.4 g/cm3 |

____ 25. The density of sugar is 1.59 g/cm3. The mass of a sample is 4.0 g. Find the volume of the sample.

|a. |2.5 cm3 |c. |0.39 cm3 |

|b. |6.36 cm3 |d. |2.5 g/cm3 |

____ 26. The mass of a 5.00 cm3 sample of clay is 11 g. What is the density of the clay?

|a. |0.45 g/cm3 |c. |6 g/cm3 |

|b. |2.2 g/cm3 |d. |55 g/cm3 |

| | | | |

____ 27. The mass of a 6.0 mL sample of kerosene is 4.92 g. The density of kerosene is

|a. |0.82 g/mL. |c. |1.2 g/mL. |

|b. |0.92 g/cm3. |d. |1.5 g/cm3. |

____ 28. The number of grams equal to 0.5 kg is

|a. |0.0005. |c. |500. |

|b. |0.005. |d. |5000. |

____ 29. A measurement that closely agrees with accepted values is said to be

|a. |precise. |c. |significant. |

|b. |reliable. |d. |accurate. |

____ 30. A measurement is said to have good precision if it

|a. |agrees closely with an accepted standard. |

|b. |agrees closely with other measurements of the same quantity. |

|c. |has a small number of significant figures. |

|d. |has a large number of significant figures. |

____ 31. If some measurements agree closely but differ widely from the actual value, these measurements are

|a. |neither precise nor accurate. |

|b. |accurate, but not precise. |

|c. |acceptable as a new standard of accuracy. |

|d. |precise, but not accurate. |

____ 32. Poor precision in scientific measurement may arise from

|a. |the standard being too strict. |

|b. |human error. |

|c. |limitations of the measuring instrument. |

|d. |both human error and the limitations of the measuring instrument. |

____ 33. These values were obtained as the mass of products from the same reaction: 8.83 g; 8.84 g; 8.82 g. The known mass of products from that reaction is 8.60 g. The values are

|a. |accurate. |c. |both accurate and precise. |

|b. |precise. |d. |neither accurate nor precise. |

____ 34. Using the same balance, a chemist obtained the values 5.224 g, 5.235 g, and 5.25 g for the mass of a sample. These measurements have

|a. |good precision. |c. |poor precision. |

|b. |good accuracy. |d. |poor accuracy. |

|Mass Data of Sample |

| |Trial 1 |Trial 2 |Trial 3 |Trial 4 |

|Student A |1.43 g |1.52 g |1.47 g |1.42 g |

|Student B |1.43 g |1.40 g |1.46 g |1.44 g |

|Student C |1.54 g |1.56 g |1.58 g |1.50 g |

|Student D |0.86 g |1.24 g |1.52 g |1.42 g |

____ 35. Four students each measured the mass of one 1.43 g sample four times. The results in the table above indicate that the data collected by ____ reflect the greatest accuracy and precision.

|a. |Student A |c. |Student C |

|b. |Student B |d. |Student D |

____ 36. When determining the number of significant digits in a measurement,

|a. |all zeros are significant. |

|b. |all nonzero digits are significant. |

|c. |all zeros between two nonzero digits are not significant. |

|d. |all nonzero digits are not significant. |

____ 37. For numbers less than 0.1, such as 0.06, the zeros to the right of the decimal point but before the first nonzero digit

|a. |are significant. |

|b. |show the decimal place of the first digit. |

|c. |show that the zero on the left side of the decimal is not significant. |

|d. |show uncertainty. |

____ 38. The number of significant figures in the measurement 0.000 305 kg is

|a. |3. |c. |5. |

|b. |4. |d. |6. |

____ 39. The number of significant figures in the measured value 0.003 20 g is

|a. |2. |c. |5. |

|b. |3. |d. |6. |

____ 40. The measurement that has been expressed to three significant figures is

|a. |0.052 g. |c. |3.065 g. |

|b. |0.202 g. |d. |5000 g. |

____ 41. The number of significant figures in the measurement 170.040 km is

|a. |3. |c. |5. |

|b. |4. |d. |6. |

____ 42. The measurement that has been expressed to four significant figures is

|a. |0.0020 mm. |c. |30.00 mm. |

|b. |0.004 02 mm. |d. |402.10 mm. |

____ 43. The number of significant figures in the measurement 210 cm is

|a. |1. |c. |3. |

|b. |2. |d. |4. |

____ 44. Round 1.245 633 501 × 108 to four significant figures.

|a. |1246 |c. |1.246 × 108 |

|b. |1.2456 × 108 |d. |1.246 × 104 |

____ 45. Written in scientific notation, the measurement 0.000 065 cm is

|a. |65 × 10–4 cm. |c. |6.5 × 10–6 cm. |

|b. |6.5 × 10–5 cm. |d. |6.5 × 10–4 cm. |

____ 46. The measurement 0.020 L is the same as

|a. |2.0 × 10–3 L. |c. |2.0 × 10–2 L. |

|b. |2.0 × 102 L. |d. |2.0 × 10–1 L. |

____ 47. Expressed in scientific notation, 0.0930 m is

|a. |93 × 10–3 m. |c. |9.30 × 10–2 m. |

|b. |9.3 × 10–3 m. |d. |9.30 × 10–4 m. |

____ 48. The speed of light is 300 000 km/s. In scientific notation, this speed is

|a. |3 × 105 km/s. |c. |3.0 × 106 km/s. |

|b. |3.00 × 105 km/s. |d. |3.00 × 106 km/s. |

Short Answer

50. What are the first steps scientists take to analyze the cause of a disease?

51. How is a theory different from a hypothesis?

52. What would be the most appropriate SI unit for expressing the mass of a single brick?

53. Distinguish between mass and weight.

54. Distinguish between precision and accuracy.

Essay

55. Why should a scientist record all observations, even those that appear insignificant?

[pic]

56. Evaluate the models in the figure above. Describe any ways that the models differ from the real objects.

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