Body Systems Study Guide – Part II
1. plasma – the clear, light-yellow liquid that makes up most of your blood
2. hemoglobin – a substance in red blood cells that picks up and carries oxygen
3. carbon dioxide – a gas that is one of the wastes made by your cells.
4. antibodies – substances in blood that attack and destroy microbes
5. platelets – tiny parts of cells in your blood that help the blood thicken/clot, when you have a cut/wound
6. atrium – an upper chamber in your heart
7. ventricle – a lower chamber in your heart
8. lymph – a mixture of plasma and tissue fluid that collects cell wastes
9. trachea – the tube through which air moves from your throat to your chest; the windpipe
10. bronchial tubes – two branches of the trachea, which go into the lungs
11. alveoli – small, hollow air sacs inside your lungs
12. inhalation – is the process in which the air enters the lungs
13. exhalation – is the process in which the air leaves the lungs
14. breathing – moving air in and out of the lungs
15. diaphragm – a muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen, helps to also force air out of the lungs
16. neurons – nerve cells, which make up your nervous system
17. cerebrum – the largest part of the brain; where most of your thinking takes place
18. cerebellum – the part of the brain that makes your muscles work together; controls most movements that you do without thinking
19. hemispheres – two halves of a sphere, or ball-shaped object, such as the brain
20. brain – the major organ in the nervous system
21. spinal cord – an organ that carries messages to and from the brain
22. nerve – is a bundle of cells that conducts messages from one part of the body to another
23. reflex – an automatic response to stimuli
24. endocrine system – the body system that directs certain activities such as growth and development, hormone release to cause a change in the body
25. endocrine glands – organs that make up the endocrine system
26. hormones – chemicals made in one part of the body that is released into the blood, that is carried through the bloodstream, and that causes a change in another part of the body; controls growth and development and many other body functions.
27. pituitary gland – the gland in the endocrine system that produces growth hormone
28. thyroid gland – the gland that controls how fast your cells turn nutrients into energy; also controls how fast nutrients are used for building and repairing cells.
29. adrenal glands – glands that make many different kinds of hormones that control how the body uses nutrients
30. gonads – reproductive organs that make reproductive cells and hormones
Name____________________________________ PD ______ EVEN/ODD Test Date __________
Body Systems Study Guide – Part II
1. What is the function of the circulatory system?
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2. What are the 3 main parts of the circulatory system?
1. ________________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the function of the nervous system?
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4. What is the function of the respiratory system?
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5. What are the alveoli? What happens in them?
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6. What is the function of hemoglobin? Where is it found?
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7. What is the main function of the endocrine system?
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8. What is a hormone?
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9. What is the corpus callosum?
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10. What is the medulla oblongata?
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