Pharmacology Questions - Weebly



Pharmacology Quiz

Answers and Rationale

|1. |#3 is correct. The nurse should withdraw the needle, discard the medication and start over. Some IM |

| |medications may have adverse effects or be unstable when mixed with blood. |

| |#1 is not correct. The nurse should withdraw the needle, discard the medication and start over. Some IM |

| |medications may have adverse effects or be unstable when mixed with blood. |

| |#2 is not correct. The nurse should withdraw the needle, discard the medication and start over. Some IM |

| |medications may have adverse effects or be unstable when mixed with blood. |

| |#4 is not correct. The nurse should withdraw the needle, discard the medication and start over. Some IM |

| |medications may have adverse effects or be unstable when mixed with blood. |

| | |

|2. |#1 is correct. When giving an IM injection, the nurse should pull the skin taut, and insert the 21-gauge |

| |needle at a 90-degree angle. |

| |#2 is not correct. An IM should be given at a 90-degree angle. A 25-gauge needle is not large enough for |

| |most IMs. |

| |#3 is not correct. An IM should be given at a 90-degree angle. A 25-gauge needle is not large enough for |

| |most IMs. |

| |#4 is not correct. . An IM should be given at a 90-degree angle. |

| | |

|3. |#1 is correct. Of the sites listed this is the best. The arm is also an |

| |appropriate site. |

| |#2 is not correct. Gluteal sites are not appropriate for infants. |

| |#3 is not correct. Gluteal sites are not appropriate for infants. |

| |#4 is not correct. The iliac crest is not appropriate. |

| | |

|4. |#2 is correct. Divide 125 ml/hr by 60 minutes in an hour and multiply |

| |by the drop factor of 15. |

| |#1 is not correct. |

| |#3 is not correct. |

| |#4 is not correct. |

| | |

|5. |#3 is correct. The formula is desired over have times volume. The |

| |order is for 75 mg. On hand is 50 mg/ml. Divide 75 by 50 and |

| |multiply by 1. |

| |#1 is not correct. |

| |#2 is not correct. |

| |#4 is not correct. |

| | |

|6. |#3 is correct. |

| |volume X Drop factor |

| |hours 60 (min/hr) |

| | |

| |1000 X 12 _ 100 X 1 - 20 |

| |10 60 1 5 |

| |#1 is not correct. |

| |#2 is not correct. |

| |#4 is not correct. |

| | |

|7. |#2 is correct. Tetracycline can cause gray tooth syndrome in children |

| |when given to children under 8 years of age or to pregnancy women |

| |in the last trimester. |

| |#1 is not correct. Tetracycline is used to treat adolescent acne. |

| |#3 is not correct. Tetracycline is used to treat Rocky Mountain Spotted |

| |Fever. |

| |#4 is not correct. Tetracycline is used to treat walking pneumonia. |

| | |

|8. |#1 is correct. A rash should be reported to the physician. It could |

| |indicate an allergic reaction. This response indicates a need for more |

| |teaching. |

| |#2 is not correct. The medication should be taken with plenty of water. |

| |This response does not indicate a need for more teaching. |

| |#3 is not correct. All of the medication should be taken. This response |

| |does not indicate a need for more teaching. |

| |#4 is not correct. The person should stay out of the sun when taking |

| |Gantrisin, a sulfa drug. This response does not indicate a need for more |

| |teaching. |

| | |

|9. |#1 is correct. Methenamine mandelate is a urinary tract |

| |antiinfective and works best in an acid urine. Cranberry juice will |

| |acidify the urine. |

| |#2 is not correct. It should not be taken with an antacid. |

| |#3 is not correct. Sun is not a problem. |

| |#4 is not correct. Orange juice and milk leave an alkaline ash in the body. |

| | |

|10. |#2 is correct. Ringing ears are a sign of toxicity to streptomycin. |

| |#1 is not correct. Ethambutol may cause optic neuritis and color |

| |blindness. |

| |#3 is not correct. |

| |#4 is not correct. INH can cause liver damage. |

| | |

|11. |#1 is correct. Because the patient is taking INH, Vitamin B6 or |

| |pyridoxine should also be taken to prevent peripheral neuritis. |

| |#2 is not correct. Rifampin can cause red colored urine and feces. |

| |#3 is not correct. The medications are taken for 9 to 18 months. |

| |#4 is not correct. Streptomycin is not systemically absorbed when taken |

| |orally. |

| | |

|12. |#4 is correct. Acyclovir does not cure herpes. It shortens the episodes |

| |and makes them less frequent. If herpes returns treatment should be started immediately for best results. |

| |This answer indicates understanding. |

| |#1 is not correct. The person is still contagious when taking the |

| |medication. This answer does not indicate understanding. |

| |#2 is not correct. There is no need to stay home from work. This answer |

| |does not indicate understanding. |

| |#3 is not correct. Acyclovir does not cure herpes. It shortens the episodes |

| |and makes them less frequent. |

| | |

|13. |#3 is correct. Persons who are taking zidovudine (AZT) may need |

| |transfusions. |

| |#1 is not correct. The medicine should be taken on an empty stomach. |

| |#2 is not correct. The medication will not cure AIDS. |

| |#4 is not correct. Over the counter medications such as acetaminophen |

| |should not be taken when taking zidovudine. |

| | |

|14. |#2 is correct. High doses of salicylates raise metabolic rate and cause |

| |the person to be warm and flushed. Initially the person may go into |

| |metabolic acidosis. They then hyperventilate to compensate. |

| |#1 is not correct. The patient is likely to hyperventilate and be flushed. |

| |#3 is not correct. The patient will have an increased metabolic rate which |

| |causes an elevated temperature. |

| |#4 is not correct. Melena is hidden blood in the stool. This may not be present at this time. It would |

| |likely be present later. |

| | |

|15. |#4 is correct. The child is difficult to arouse so lavage is the |

| |appropriate way to get rid of the poison. |

| |#1 is not correct. Ipecac is not given to persons who are not alert. |

| |#2 is not correct. The child is breathing so CPR is not indicated. |

| |#3 is not correct. The child is breathing so ventilatory support is not |

| |needed. |

| | |

|16. |#3 is correct. The patient has an order. The pain appears to be in the operative site. The time interval is |

| |appropriate. It is the day of surgery. The nurse should medicate as ordered. |

| |#1 is not correct. The patient has an order. The pain appears to be in the operative site. The time interval|

| |is appropriate. It is the day of surgery. The nurse should medicate as ordered. |

| |#2 is not correct. The patient has an order. The pain appears to be in the operative site. The time interval|

| |is appropriate. It is the day of surgery. The nurse should medicate as ordered. |

| |#4 is not correct. The patient has an order. The pain appears to be in the operative site. The time interval|

| |is appropriate. It is the day of surgery. The nurse should medicate as ordered. At this time – day of |

| |surgery – relaxation and breathing exercises could be used following the administration of medication, but |

| |not instead of medication. |

| | |

|17. |#4 is correct. The questions states, “the client requests pain medication.” There is no indication of where |

| |the patient hurts. The nurse should first assess. |

| |#1 is not correct. The questions states, “the client requests pain medication.” There is no indication of |

| |where the patient hurts. The nurse should first assess. |

| |#2 is not correct. The dose is appropriate for a person who has rheumatoid arthritis. |

| |#3 is not correct. The questions states, “the client requests pain medication.” There is no indication of |

| |where the patient hurts. The nurse should first assess. |

| | |

|18. |#4 is not correct. The nurse should assess before answering. The patient is in the right age group to have |

| |glaucoma. Atropine is contraindicated for persons who have glaucoma. The nurse should determine if the |

| |patient has glaucoma before administering the preoperative medication. |

| |#1 is not correct. The nurse should assess before answering. The patient is in the right age group to have |

| |glaucoma. Atropine is contraindicated for persons who have glaucoma. The nurse should determine if the |

| |patient has glaucoma before administering the preoperative medication. |

| |#2 is not correct. The nurse should assess before answering. The patient is in the right age group to have |

| |glaucoma. Atropine is contraindicated for persons who have glaucoma. The nurse should determine if the |

| |patient has glaucoma before administering the preoperative medication. |

| |#3 is not correct. The nurse should assess before answering. The patient is in the right age group to have |

| |glaucoma. Atropine is contraindicated for persons who have glaucoma. The nurse should determine if the |

| |patient has glaucoma before administering the preoperative medication. |

| | |

|19. |#4 is correct. Thorazine causes photosensitivity. A weekend at the beach could involve sun exposure. This |

| |answer indicates a need for more teaching. |

| |#1 is not correct. The person who is taking Thorazine should not drink alcohol. This answer does not |

| |indicate a need for more teaching. |

| |#2 is not correct. There is no reason the person taking Thorazine should not eat home cooked food. This |

| |answer does not indicate a need for more teaching. |

| |#3 is not correct. There is no contraindication to dancing. This answer does indicate a need for more |

| |teaching. |

| | |

|20. |#3 is correct. The person should not drink alcoholic beverages because they also have a vasodilating effect.|

| |This answer indicates a need for more instruction. |

| |#1 is not correct. There is no reason the person cannot swim. This answer does not indicate a need for more |

| |instruction. |

| |#2 is not correct. The site should be changed with each application which is likely to be daily. This answer|

| |does not indicate a need for more instruction. |

| |#4 is not correct. The person should get up slowly. Nitroglycerine is a vasodilator and causes orthostatic |

| |hypotension. This answer does not indicate a need for more instruction. |

| | |

|21. |#3 is correct. When a person has not relief after three doses of nitroglycerine it either means they are |

| |having a more serious event such as a heart attack or the medication is no longer active. If the patient |

| |developed a headache after taking nitroglycerine, the medication is potent. |

| |#1 is not correct. Nausea is not related specifically to angina or nitroglycerin. This information is not |

| |critical. |

| |#2 is not correct. The question gives the information that the pain persists. There is no need to ask this |

| |question. |

| |#4 is not correct. This is not the most important information for the nurse to obtain. |

| | |

|22. |#3 is correct. The person who is taking warfarin needs frequent blood tests for INR. This response indicates|

| |understanding. |

| |#1 is not correct. The person who is taking warfarin should not take aspirin unless it has been prescribed |

| |by the physician. This response does not indicate understanding of the medication. |

| |#2 is not correct. Spinach contains Vit. K, the antidote for warfarin. If the person eats spinach salads, |

| |he/she should have the same amount of Vit. K foods on a daily basis. |

| |#4 is not correct. The person who is taking warfarin should not have teeth pulled and risk bleeding. They |

| |would need to go off warfarin for five days and start it after the procedure it getting the teeth pulled was|

| |absolutely necessary. |

| | |

|23. |#2 is correct. Oranges, bananas, and melons are sources of potassium. Hydrochlorothiazide is a potassium |

| |depleting diuretic and the patient must have adequate amounts of potassium in the diet. This is most |

| |essential. |

| |#1 is not correct. The medication should be taken early in the day. Taking it later in the day may keep the |

| |patient up at night because of the diuresis. However, choice #2 is more essential. |

| |#3 is not correct. This answer is wrong. The person should consume higher than usual amounts of potassium. |

| |#4 is not correct. There is no need to drink plenty of milk. |

| | |

|24. |#4 is correct. Furosemide (Lasix) works by inhibiting reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle. |

| |#1 is not correct. Kayexalate is a sodium-potassium exchange resin. Furosemide (Lasix) works by inhibiting |

| |reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle. |

| |#2 is not correct. Osmotic diuratics act by increasing the osmotic pressure inside the renal tubule. |

| |Furosemide (Lasix) works by inhibiting reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle. |

| |#3 is not correct. Spironolactone acts by blocking the sodium retaining effects of aldosterone. Furosemide |

| |(Lasix) works by inhibiting reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle. |

| | |

|25. |#2 is correct. The symptoms suggest the person may have hypoglycemia or insulin reaction. Sugar should be |

| |given. |

| |#1 is not correct. The symptoms suggest the person may have hypoglycemia or insulin reaction. Sugar should |

| |be given. |

| |#3 is not correct. The symptoms suggest the person may have hypoglycemia or insulin reaction. Sugar should |

| |be given. Giving insulin would make the patient worse. |

| |#4 is not correct. The symptoms suggest the person may have hypoglycemia or insulin reaction. Sugar should |

| |be given. |

| | |

|26. |#4 is not correct. Cortisone should not be abruptly discontinued. Addisonian crisis can occur. |

| |#1 is not correct. Cortisone does cause a moon face. |

| |#2 is not correct. The symptoms do not get less. The nurse should address the critical issue which is that |

| |the client is threatening to stop taking cortisone. |

| |#3 is not correct. Cortisone should not be abruptly discontinued. Addisonian crisis can occur. |

| | |

|27. |#1 is correct. Persons who are taking thyroid medication should report signs of angina and tachycardia to |

| |their caregiver. |

| |#2 is not correct. Fatigue is not a likely side effect of thyroid. The patient will probably have more |

| |energy. |

| |#3 is not correct. Rash is an unlikely occurrence when taking thyroid. |

| |#4 is not correct. Gastritis is not likely to occur when taking thyroid. |

| | |

|28. |#2 is correct. Symptoms such as nausea and vomiting and bloating are common with birth control pills and |

| |usually decrease after three to six cycles. |

| |#1 is not correct. The symptoms described are not common, but not serious side effects. |

| |#3 is not correct. Taking the pill at night may reduce the nausea. |

| |#4 is not correct. The pill should be taken every day. Taking the pill every other day is likely to result |

| |in pregnancy. |

| | |

|29. |#2 is correct. Persons in renal failure have high serum phosphorus levels. Aluminum hydroxide binds the |

| |phosphates. |

| |#1 is not correct. Aluminum hydroxide gel is sometimes used to prevent Curling’s (stress) ulcers. However, |

| |the patient in this question has renal failure. |

| |#3 is not correct. Aluminum hydroxide gel can be used as an antacid for stomach issues. However, the patient|

| |in this question has renal failure. |

| |#4 is not correct. Aluminum hydroxide gel has a side effect of constipation. However, that is not why the |

| |patient with renal failure is receiving it. |

| | |

|30. |#1 is correct. In this patient who has severe burns, the primary reason for giving aluminum hydroxide is to |

| |prevent Curling’s ulcers. |

| |#2 is not correct. Aluminum hydroxide gel will bind phosphates and is given to patients in renal failure for|

| |this purpose. The patient in this question is not in renal failure. |

| |#3 is not correct. Aluminum hydroxide gel is an antacid. However, the patient in this question has severe |

| |burns and is at risk for Curling’s (stress) ulcers. |

| |#4 is not correct. Aluminum hydroxide gel can cause constipation. However, the patient in the question is at|

| |risk for stress ulcers. |

| | |

|31. |#2 is correct. Tagamet should be taken with meals and at bedtime with food. |

| |#1 is not correct. Tagamet should be taken with meals and at bedtime with food. |

| |#3 is not correct. Tagamet does not turn the stools black. Drugs containing bismuth can turn stools black. |

| |#4 is not correct. Tagamet is usually given for a relatively short duration. |

| | |

|32. |#2 is correct. Colchicine is usually given for an acute attack of gout. It helps to get rid of the uric acid|

| |deposits. |

| |#1 is not correct. Narcotic analgesics are not usually given for the chronic condition of gout. |

| |#3 is not correct. Allopurinol is usually used to prevent attacks of gout. |

| |#4 is not correct. Ibuprofen is not likely to be very effective. |

| | |

|33. |#3 is correct. A sore throat suggests infection. Cyclosporine and prednisone are given to suppress the |

| |immune system. The patient is then at risk for infections. |

| |#1 is not correct. A moon face is a common side effect of prednisone. |

| |#2 is not correct. Acne is a common side effect of prednisone. |

| |#4 is not correct. Mood swings occur commonly in persons taking prednisone. |

| | |

|34. |#3 is correct. He should receive immune serum globulin or tetanus antitoxin immediately. Immune serum |

| |globulin gives an immediate passive immunity. |

| |#1 is not correct. Tetanus toxoid may be given to start the development of active immunity, but it will not |

| |prevent tetanus at this time. |

| |#2 is not correct. DPT is not given to a 9-year old. Pertussis is usually not given to children over the |

| |age of 6. |

| |#4 is not correct. Penicillin is an antibiotic. It will not prevent tetanus infection. |

| | |

|35. |#1 is correct. Immune serum globulin will confer a passive immunity and help her to fight off rubella. |

| |Rubella can cause birth defects in the unborn child. |

| |#2 is not correct. She should not receive MMR during pregnancy, as this is a live virus vaccine. |

| |#3 is not correct. RhoGam is given to prevent the development of antibodies to Rh factor in Rh negative |

| |women. |

| |#4 is not correct. There is no rubella antitoxin. |

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