RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES



RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,

BANGALORE, KARANATAKA

SYNOPSIS FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

|1 |NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND ADDRESS |MRS.VAISHALI .P.ATRE |

| | |I YEAR M. SC. NURSING |

| | |SHRI B.M.PATIL INSTITUTE OF NURSING SCIENCES, BIJAPUR-586103 |

|2 |NAME OF THE INSTITUTION |SHRI B.M.PATIL INSTITUTE OF NURSING SCIENCES, BIJAPUR -586103 |

|3 |COURSE OF THE STUDY AND SUBJECT |I YEAR M. Sc. NURSING |

| | |OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGICAL NURSING |

|4 |DATE OF ADMISSION TO THE COURSE |04/07/2011 |

|5 |TITLE OF THE STUDY |

| |“A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING THE SELECTED MINOR AILMENTS OF PREGNANCY AND ITS MANAGEMENT AMONG PRIMIGRAVIDA |

| |MOTHERS ATTENDING ANTENATAL CLINICS OF SELECTED MATERNITY HOSPITALS AT BIJAPUR WITH A VIEW TO DEVELOP AN INFORMATION BOOKLET.”|

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|6. |BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK |

| |INTRODUCTION |

| |The news of pregnancy excites a woman; she plans everything for the arrival of the new baby with a lot of care and |

| |happiness. She plans to eat healthy and also alters her lifestyle to suit her baby best1. The wait to bring a new life |

| |surfacing out of our own body is the one that all of us aspire to experience at least once in our life time. This period is |

| |called pregnancy 2. Pregnancy is not a disease but it is true to say that a pregnant woman does not feel as normal as when |

| |not pregnant: there are some pregnancy related complaints which, when excessive need to be treated most of the common minor |

| |ailments can be treated3. |

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| |Giving life is powerful. It is vital. Therefore we prepare our body to become a suitable environment for the baby to grow in|

| |while staying happy and healthy emotionally and mentally as well. Each week of pregnancy brings with it new changes and |

| |feelings that may require some explanation and support1. The anatomical physiological and biochemical adaptations to |

| |pregnancy are profound. These changes that the female body undergo during pregnancy begin soon after fertilization and |

| |continue through gestation. These changes occur in response to physiological stimuli provided by the foetus and placenta3. |

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| |These changes may be unpleasant as well as worrying but they are rarely a cause for alarm as most of these changes are |

| |usually normal. These so-called minor disorders or ailments of pregnancy can be troublesome on a day to day basis. |

| |Nevertheless these minor ailments are considerably improved by offering a proper explanation and with simple treatments4. |

| |Minor ailments are common during pregnancy and non-pharmacological therapies should be considered as the first-line |

| |treatment, if appropriate. However, Medication may be required to ensure. The well-being of the mother and prevent Secondary|

| |adverse effects to the fetus5. |

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| |6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY |

| |Midwifery care is strengthened through the world; even then there is a rise of maternal morbidity mortality rate, because |

| |the mothers did not come forward to obtain the care.7 Minor symptoms are very common in pregnancy. The symptoms should be |

| |properly assessed in case they represent more serious health problems in the pregnancy7. |

| | |

| |Nausea occurs in 80-85% of all pregnancies during the first trimester, with vomiting an associated complaint in |

| |approximately 50% of women.8 A minor ailment is very common, and is reported by 50% - 80% of pregnant women. More |

| |specifically, 28% of pregnant women experience nausea only, while 52% experience nausea and vomiting. 20% of pregnant women |

| |will have no symptoms at all. The symptoms commonly start 5 weeks after conception and end by week 15 in 60% of affected |

| |women. 9% of affected women have symptoms persist beyond week 18 of pregnancy8.Back pain in approximately 80% of women who |

| |are pregnant, back pain is prevalent. Back pain and the causes in pregnant patients are not entirely understood9. Heartburn |

| |is one of the most common gastrointestinal symptoms in pregnant women, with an incidence in pregnancy of 17% to 45%. In some|

| |studies, the prevalence of heartburn has been found to increase from 22% in the first trimester to 39% in the second |

| |trimester to between 60% and 72% in the third trimester10. |

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| |The prevalence of pica in pregnant women has been reported from as low as 0% to as high as 68% in the various groups |

| |studied. In general, pica behavior is probably underreported because the ingestion of nonfood items may be seen as either |

| |shameful or merely unimportant and “normal11. Constipation is common in pregnant women, and can develop or increase in |

| |severity during pregnancy. The prevalence of constipation in pregnancy is reported to be between 11% and 38%12. |

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| |Many women experience unpleasant and painful leg cramps during pregnancy. They will be woken in the middle of the night in |

| |severe pain as their calf muscles tighten. These are brought on by the physical and physiological changes that occur during |

| |pregnancy and unfortunately there are no guaranteed cures for them. However there are steps that can be taken that may |

| |reduce their incidence and severity.14 Leg cramps have been reported in up to 30% of pregnant women, most commonly in the |

| |second and third trimester. They usually affect the calves and occur at night in 75% of cases14. |

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| |Prevalence of varicose disease during pregnancy is high, affecting almost 70% of pregnant women. The high prevalence of |

| |varicose disease and the associated risk factors suggest the need of providing the health professionals involved in women's |

| |health care, especially during the fertile period, with information on this disease15. |

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| |Mothers can manage minor events occurring during normal antenatal period, but the mothers need to get appropriate |

| |information from the health care providers. Sometimes the mothers will receive information but they do not try to get |

| |information even if it is available. For all these what is needed? It is an instinct that comes from them to do all these, |

| |that is what is self motivation5 Hence There is a need to identify and assess knowledge regarding minor ailments of |

| |pregnancy and its management among primigravida mothers and provide the information. |

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| |6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE |

| |A Review of literature is a body of text that aims to review the critical points of current knowledge and |

| |methodological approaches on a particular topic, the role of the literature review is to formulate and clarify the research |

| |problems, to ascertain what is already known in relation to problem of interest, for developing a broad conceptual context, |

| |facilitate cumulating scientific knowledge for interpreting the result of the study16 |

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| |The review of literature is classified under following subheadings:- |

| |Review of Literature related to selected minor ailments during the pregnancy. |

| |Review of Literature related to knowledge regarding minor ailments among primigravida mothers. |

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| |1. REVIEW OF LITERATURE RELATED TO SELECTED MINOR AILMENTS DURING THE PREGNANCY. |

| |A study was conducted to assess the women’s awareness of minor disorders of pregnancy and danger signs of obstetric |

| |complication in a rural district in Tanzania A total 1118 women were interviewed, result reveals that more than 98% of women|

| |attend antenatal care at least once half of the women knew about at least one obstetric danger sign and few women knew one |

| |or two minor disorders. It shows that the women had low awareness of danger signs of obstetric complication and minor |

| |disorders of pregnancy17. |

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| |A study was conducted to determine the effect of ginger in nausea and vomiting of pregnancy in Isfahan. It was a single |

| |blind clinical trial study. The subject included sixty seven pregnant women who complained of nausea and vomiting from |

| |Isfahan city hospital. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups an experimental group and a control group. The |

| |experimental group received ginger 250 mg capsules for four days and the control group received placebo with the same |

| |prescription form. The gingers was demonstrated a high rate of improvement than the placebo users (85% versus 56% :P ................
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