TITLE OF PAPER



Title of PaperName of StudentIDE 1103AJanuary 1, 2020Title of PaperBegin typing your introduction paragraph here. An introduction should do four things. First, the introduction should set up your argument by identifying a relevant problem related to the research question you have come up with regarding a particular topic or issue. Second, the introduction should state your research question (and perhaps elaborate on it a bit). Third, the introduction should state your answer to your research question. This answer is your thesis statement—i.e., the claim that your paper will attempt to argue or defend. Finally, the introduction should include a description of how your paper will go about arguing for or defending your thesis statement. This description will become the outline for your paper’s argument.Before moving on, you will want to note that the style for normal paragraphs for research papers in the Styles Pane of this template is entitled “New Paragraph.” Select this style (if it is not already selected) when creating new paragraphs.First Major Section SubheadingA research paper may use a series of first-level subheadings (see the one above) as a way of organizing each major section. First-level subheadings can be created by selecting the style entitled “Heading 1” from the styles menu before typing your heading. Develop the first major point of your argument in this first section. You will make reference to primary and secondary research to support your point here (as well as elsewhere in your paper). Moreover, take care that you do not plagiarize your material by adequately documenting that material with citations/references. Second Major Section SubheadingThis is another first-level subheading. Each major section of your paper should constitute the components of your argument supporting your thesis statement. Underneath each subheading, construct an argument to support the particular component of your argument to which the subheading of this section refers. Some sections will require more support than others. Your goal should be to provide adequate support for the point being made—the point, that is, serving as one of the major components supporting your thesis statement.At this point, you should notice that each section contains more than one paragraph. Section subheadings should never be used as mere paragraph dividers. Subheadings delineate the organization of your argument and are designed to assist your reader in following your argument’s train of thought. Subheadings mark component parts of your argument, and those component parts will require more than one paragraph to defend them.Second-Level SubheadingFor some sections—especially lengthier ones—you may want to use second-level subheadings. This will help break down the argument of your first-level subheading into smaller and more manageable chunks, helping your reader better follow your train of thought. To create a second-level subheading, select the style entitled “Heading 2” and type your subheading. Then, write your argument for this section.Another Second-Level SubheadingThis is another example of the second-level subheading. Why has this template included an additional second-level subheading? Second-level subheadings should only be used when your argument requires you to break down the argument of your first-level subheading into distinctive categories for understanding your argument. This presupposes that more than one category is in view, meaning that more than one second-level subheading should be used. Thus, if you choose to use second-level subheadings, you must use more than one for each first-level subheading section under which they appear. No first-level subheading section should have only one second-level subheading.What is the key point here? It is this: only use second-level subheadings when your argument requires breaking up the distinctive categories of a first-level subheading section for better understanding. (Note this same point applies to longer papers that may use third- and fourth-level subheadings as well.) If your paper’s argument is sufficiently clear using only first-level subheadings, then the paper does not need second-level subheadings.Third Major Section HeadingBefore moving on to the last section, this section will point out three of the most common styles you will use in your papers. These are the styles for block quotes, bibliography entries, and footnotes.First, block quotes should be used for quotations of a text consisting of five or more lines. To make a block quote, select the style entitled “Block Quote” and begin typing your quote. Keep in mind that this applies solely to quotations of prose. Citations of poetry or drama follow another format. See Turabian 25.2.2 for more information on this.Second, most of your papers will require a bibliography or works cited page. Such a page is included in this template. Individual bibliography entries will use the “Bibliography Entry” style. Select this style, and then input your entry.Finally, most of your papers will require footnotes to document your research. Generally, when you insert a footnote using MS Word, the appropriate style will already be selected. If for some reason it is not, then select the “Footnote Text” style. For Scarborough College, footnotes are to be in ten-point font to distinguish them from the twelve-point font of the paper’s main body. Moreover, Scarborough College uses the Notes-Bibliography Style found in chapters 16 and 17 of Turabian. You should not use the author-date style found in chapters 18 and 19.Fourth Major Section HeadingThis last section gives some paradigms for how to format the most common types of resources used. More specific information beyond these common types can be found in chapters 16 and 17 of the 9th edition of Turabian.First, here is the paradigm for a single-authored book. In this entry (as well as subsequent entries), ‘xx’ represents the pages cited or referenced.Second, here is the paradigm for a book with an editor or translator. If a book has an editor rather than a translator, then ‘ed.’ substitutes for ‘trans’. Those in the humanities seminars should note that any primary text that is not a ‘classical source’ (see below) will probably use this format—including books written in English such as John Locke’s Second Treatise.Third, here is the paradigm for a work within a collection. This specific paradigm applies to articles within a book. The paradigm will need to be modified depending on what type of work is being referenced in a collection. Chapter 17.1.8 of Turabian provides more information on this.Fourth, here is the paradigm for a journal article. In this entry, ‘yy’ represents the journal volume number and (if needed) issue number. For journal articles that still appear in print, there is no need to include web-related information even if a researcher found the article using one of the library’s journal databases. In fact, a researcher should follow this general rule of thumb: if the article was found using one of the library’s journal databases (such as EBSCOhost), then no web-related information is needed; if, however, the article is printed on a website, then web-related information will need to be included.Fifth, those in the humanities seminars will reference what are called ‘classical sources’ in their papers. This term designates any work produced in antiquity and medieval Europe, most works produced during the Renaissance, and a few works of the early modern period. Very generally, any work up to about the time of the publication of John Calvin’s Institutes is considered a ‘classical source’. The paradigm for ‘classical works’ appears in the footnote below. One should note that ‘classical source’ footnotes only include three elements: the ‘classical’ author, the title of the work, and the universal citation index format applicable to the particular work being referenced (represented by ‘zz’ in the footnote previously mentioned). One should also note that no comma appears between the title and the universal citation index format. For more information on the various kinds of universal citation index formats used for different kinds of ‘classical sources’, readers should consult chapter 17.8 of Turabian. Bibliography entries for ‘classical sources’, however, follow standard forms appropriate for the work being cited. For instance, in the bibliography, the edition of Plato’s Republic used for seminars in Scarborough College will follow the format for a book with a translator, whereas the edition of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics used will follow the format for a work within a collection. Footnotes 10 and 11 have been inserted to provide bibliography entries illustrating this point—as well as allowing readers to see the differences between the footnote entries (which, in these particular instances, use Stephanus and Bekker numbering for Republic and Nicomachean Ethics respectively) and the bibliography entries of ‘classical sources’.Finally, subsequent references to works previously cited utilize either a shortened form of the full citation (as the following paradigm illustrates) as the abbreviation ‘ibid’ is not allowed at SWBTS and Scarborough (as the following paradigm shows). For how each of these are used, reader should consult chapter 16.4 of Turabian. Scarborough College uses the Author-Title format for shortened forms, not the Author-Only format.ConclusionFinally, you are ready to write your conclusion. A conclusion should not introduce any new arguments or add to the argument that the paper has already made. Conclusions should restate the thesis and summarize the paper’s argument supporting the thesis. After doing this, find a way to round off the argument to give your paper a sense of completeness. A good conclusion will offer suggestions for further research as a way of rounding off the paper’s argument.In this spirit of rounding off, users of this template are reminded that this template is designed to help students with the Turabian format being used at Scarborough College. This template should not be seen as a substitute for a student’s knowledge of Turabian format. This template (indeed, no template) cannot guarantee against user error or ignorance. By using this template, you should not think of yourself as being excused from knowing how to format your paper properly. So, if you do not already have a copy of the latest edition of Turabian, get one now.BibliographyAristotle. Nicomachean Ethics. In Aristotle: Selected Works, 3rd ed., translated by Hippocrates G. Apostle and Lloyd P. Gerson. Des Moines: The Peripatetic Press, 1991.Author’s Last Name, First Name. Title of the Book: Subtitle of the Book. City of Publication: Publisher’s Name, Copyright.———. Title of the Book: Subtitle of the Book. Translated by Translator’s First and Last Name. City of Publication: Publisher’s Name, Copyright.———. “Title of the Article: Subtitle of the Article.” In Title of the Book: Subtitle of the Book, edited Editor’s First and Last Name, xx–xx. City of Publication: Publisher’s Name, Copyright.———. “Title of the Article: Subtitle of the Article.” Journal Name yy, no. yy (Date of Publication): xx–xx.———. “Title of the Article: Subtitle of the Article.” Journal Name yy, no. yy (Date of Publication): xx–xx. Accessed Month Day, Year. Full Hyperlink of Web Address.Himmelfarb, Gertrude. Looking into the Abyss: Untimely Thoughts on Culture and Society. New York: Vintage Books, 1994.Locke, John. Second Treatise of Government. Edited by C. B. Macpherson. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 1980.Plato. Republic. Translated by G. M. A. Grube. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 1992. ................
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