UAEU Integrated English



Name: I.D. Section:11906252416810Cohesive Devices & Linking Vocabulary Worksheet4867275310515-533400488955400675-141605Exercise A Using Contrast Vocabulary 1Read the sentences below and then answer the questions which follow.1. Even though / Although / Though it was cold and raining, I went swimming at the beach.2. I went swimming at the beach even though / although / though it was cold and raining. 3. It was cold and raining but I went swimming at the beach.4. It was cold and raining. However, / Nevertheless, / Nonetheless, I went swimming at the beach.5. I went swimming at the beach despite the fact that / in spite of the fact that it was cold and raining. 6. Despite the fact that / In spite of the fact that it was cold and raining, I went swimming at the beach.A Do these sentences have the same meaning or a different meaning?B Which part of the sentence describes the situation and which part describes the result? It was cold and raining = I went swimming at the beach = C Was the result of the situation normal / usual / expected, or was it surprising / unusual / unexpected? D Which of the words / expressions in bold cannot be used to start a sentence? E Which of the words / expressions in bold must be used before the ‘situation’ clause? F Which of the words / expressions must be used before the ‘result’ clause?G Using the sentences above as an example, can you work out a rule for when we need to use a comma? Complete the sentences below with your own ideas.1. Even though I had a cold, I ___________________________________________________.2. _______________________________________________________ although I didn’t study.3. It’s still hot in here though I ___________________________________________________.4. ______________________________________________ but I ate a sandwich before class.5. _________________________________________. However, I still made it to class on time.6. __________________________________________. Nevertheless, the team won the game.7. ________________________________________________. Nonetheless, it tasted delicious.8. ____________________________________________ despite living in Britain for ten years.9. In spite of trying to exercise every day, Mr. Smith __________________________________.10. Despite the hard work of the teacher, the students ________________________________.11. ___________________________________________ in spite of the decrease in oil prices.5114925144145Note: If we use a verb after ‘despite’ / ‘in spite of’ what form must the verb take?What parts of speech are (the hard) work, (the) decrease?Rewrite the sentences using one of these structures: However / Nevertheless / Nonetheless. Two examples have been done for you. Be careful with the word order & punctuation 1. He wasn’t thirsty but he drank a cup of coffee with his friends. He wasn’t thirsty. However, he drank a cup of coffee with his friends._____________________2. I still trust him even though he lied to me. He lied to me. Nevertheless, I still trust him.________________________________________3. Mr. Jones did not panic although his car had broken down in the desert.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4. Even though Henry J Bean is an honest politician, I would not vote for him because of his views on foreign policy.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. My trip to New York was very enjoyable though it was very expensive.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Rewrite the sentences using one of these structures: Despite (the fact that) / In spite of (the fact that) Examples have been done for you. Be careful with the word order & punctuationYou may need to add a verb in the ‘-ing’ form to the original sentence.1. Even though his grades were low, he was admitted to the university.In spite of the fact that his grades were low, he was admitted to the university._____________He was admitted to the university despite the fact that his grades were low._______________Despite having low grades, he was admitted to the university.__________________________He was admitted to the university in spite of having low grades._________________________2. Although the work was hard, they enjoyed themselves. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3. He feels unhappy though he is very rich. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4. Although it is very hot, many people work in the construction industry in the UAE.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. He enjoyed living in Hong Kong even though the language was difficult to understand. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Exercise B Using Contrast Vocabulary 2Read the sentences below and then answer the questions which follow them.48101251047751. Mr. Jones is rich, whereas Mr. Smith is poor.2. Mr. Jones is rich, while Mr. Smith is poor.3. Whereas Mr. Smith is poor, Mr. Jones is rich.4. Mr. Smith is poor but Mr. Jones is rich.5. Mr. Jones is rich. However, Mr. Smith is poor.6. Mr. Smith is poor. Mr. Jones, on the other hand, is rich. A Do these sentences have the same meaning or a different meaning?B Are we using these structures to show how the two items we are comparing (Mr. Smith & Mr. Jones) are similar or different?C What do you notice about the punctuation used here?D Can you write 4 sentences about the contrasts between the UAE & the UK? Think about climate, food, size, population, geography, history, culture, education, sports & hobbies etc.1. __________________________________________________________________________2. __________________________________________________________________________3. __________________________________________________________________________4. __________________________________________________________________________Additional Practice:(i) Link 1 below provides an exercise which asks you to identify synonyms of many transitional phrases (not just contrast expressions). Try the exercise and make a note of any new vocabulary items which appear. (ii) Link 2 below takes you to the excellent Dominic Cole Blog. Here you can see examples of transitional vocabulary and then move on to some quiz exercises (some of which are quite challenging). (iii) The Links in 3 take you to Hong Kong Polytechnic’s Grammar site. There are examples given here and some quite challenging multiple-choice gap fill exercises. (iv) Short BBC quizzes on common linking vocabulary for both cohesion & contrast.(v) An online tutorial on Linking Vocabulary from RMIT University.NoLink1 C Connecting Reason & Result Clauses Using ‘therefore’, ‘consequently’, ‘as a result’ & ‘so’Look at the pair of example sentences below. Which sentence gives a reason (why we decide to do something)? ____Which sentence gives a result (what happened)? ____(a) Hussain failed the test. (b) Hussain didn’t study. We can combine these sentences using the linking words ‘therefore’, ‘consequently’, ‘as a result’ or ‘so’.Hussain didn’t study. Therefore, / Consequently, / As a result, he failed the test. Hussain didn’t study, so he failed the test.Do these sentences have the same or different meaning?What differences do you notice between the sentences?We use ‘therefore’, consequently’, ‘as a result’ or ‘so’ before the ___________ clause.We do not use __________ to start sentences.Use ‘therefore’, ‘consequently’, ‘as a result’ or ‘so’ to combine the pairs of sentences below. Decide which sentence is the reason & which is the result. Be careful with word order and punctuation.Fewer people are unemployed. The economy has been strong for the last few years. _________________________________________________________________________ The teacher postponed the examination. There were many students stuck in a traffic jam. ________________________________________________________________________Last night’s storm damaged the overhead electricity power lines. The town was without electricity for several hours._________________________________________________________________________Tariq always makes numerous spelling mistakes in his essay writing. Tariq does not use a dictionary._________________________________________________________________________ ................
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