HyperText Markup Language (HTML) - Stanford University
HyperText Markup Language (HTML)
Mendel Rosenblum
CS142 Lecture Notes - HTML
1
Web Application Architecture
Web Browser
Web Server / Application server
Storage System
HTTP
Internet LAN
CS142 Lecture Notes - HTML
2
Browser environment is different
Traditional app: GUIs based on pixels Since 1970s: software accessed mapped framebuffers (R/G/B) Toolkits build higher level GUI widgets (buttons, tables, etc.)
Web browsers display Documents described in HTML Until HTML5's canvas region, you couldn't write pixels Make applications out of documents Early web apps: Multiple documents (pages) with `form' tag for input Current: Use JavaScript to dynamically generate and update documents
CS142 Lecture Notes - HTML
3
HTML: HyperText Markup Language
Concept: Markup Language - Include directives with content
Directives can dictate presentation or describe content
Idea from the 1960s: RUNOFF
Examples: italics word, Title words
Example of a declarative language
Approach 1. Start with content to be displayed 2. Annotate it with tags
HTML uses < > to denote tags
CS142 Lecture Notes - HTML
4
HTML tags
Tags can provide: Meaning of text: means top-level heading means paragraph for unordered (bulleted) list Formatting information ( for italic) Additional information to display (e.g., )
Tags can have tags inside (nesting supported) - Document forms a tree
CS142 Lecture Notes - HTML
5
Example of HTML - Start with raw content text
Introduction There are several good reasons for taking CS142: Web Applications: You will learn a variety of interesting concepts. It may inspire you to change the way software is developed. It will give you the tools to become fabulously wealthy.
CS142 Lecture Notes - HTML
6
Example of HTML - Annotate with tags
Introduction There are several good reasons for taking CS142: Web Applications: You will learn a variety of interesting concepts. It may inspire you to change the way software is developed. It will give you the tools to become fabulously wealthy.
CS142 Lecture Notes - HTML
7
Browser doesn't care but programmers do
Introduction
There are several good reasons for taking CS142: Web Applications:
You will learn a variety of interesting concepts.
It may inspire you to change the way software is developed.
It will give you the tools to become fabulously wealthy.
CS142 Lecture Notes - HTML
8
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