Organizational Patterns for Speeches



Organizational Patterns for Speeches

Speeches must have an organizational structure. Without such a structure it will be difficult to write the speech, and it will be difficult for the audience to follow and understand.

Speeches can be organized in many ways. The type of pattern you choose will depend upon the topic and purpose of your speech.

There are five basic patterns for organizing a speech:

1. Logical or topical

2. Chronological or Time Sequence

3. Spatial or Geographical

4. Classification

5. Problem-Solution

1. Logical or topical pattern

Use this pattern when you have several ideas to present and one idea naturally follows on from another. Or you may have one main topic, such as 'Advertising Deception', which can be divided into three subtopics; Television Advertising, Magazine Advertising, and Radio Advertising. This is a useful pattern for informative speeches.

2. Chronological or Time Sequence pattern

Use this pattern when your main points are connected by 'time'. For example, if you are going to give a speech about a new technology or medical issue would begin with how and when it was created, discovered, or developed. Your second point would be current research or occurrences and your final point would describe what future research or development might accomplish. Of course, any speech with a historical perspective should probably be organized chronologically.

3. Spatial or Geographical pattern

Use this pattern when your main points cover a certain physical space. This physical space could be anything from buildings in a university, to regions in a country. For example, if you were going to give an informative speech about Tokyo Gangs, each point could be about a certain district in Tokyo. Or, if you were going to give a speech about skiing accidents in Japan, each point would be about a certain ski area (e.g. Nisseko, Appi, Zao, Tateyama and Iox Arosa), or about a certain part of Japan in which it is possible to ski (e.g. Hokkaido, Tohoku and Chubu).

4. Classification pattern

Use this pattern when your main points are all about parts of one larger unit. For example, if your speech is about the Japanese Education system, your first main point would be about kindergarten, and your last point about universities. Or, if your speech is about advantages of using a certain computer, each main point would cover one certain advantage.

5. Problem-Solution pattern

Use this pattern when you have two main points; one point is about a problem, and the second is the solution to the problem. This pattern is often used in persuasive speeches. For example, if you were trying to persuade the audience to take lower their environmental impact, your first main point would be about an environmental problem being exacerbated by human behavior. Your second point would be about developments in conservation toward this problem and your final point will offer solutions for the issue.

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