The Brain and Cranial Nerves



Gross Anatomy of the Brain and Cranial Nerves

Identify the following structures on human and sheep brains.

Know the function for each term in bold italics

External Human Brain Structures – Fig 19.2, 19.3:

Cerebral Hemispheres (left and right), Frontal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Occipital Lobe, Temporal Lobe, Longitudinal Fissure, Gyri, Sulci, Cerebellum, Cerebral Cortex (Gray Matter), Meninges (composed of the Pia Mater and Dura Mater), Optic Nerve, Optic Chiasma, Olfactory Bulbs, Pons, Medulla Oblongata, Spinal Cord

Human Brain Structures in Midsagittal Section - Fig 19.4:

Corpus Callosum, Optic Chiasma, Pons, Medulla Oblongata, Cerebellum, Pineal Gland, Fornix, lobes of brain, Pituitary Gland, Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Spinal Chord, Choroid Plexus, Ventricles (Lateral Ventricles, 3rd Ventricle, 4th Ventricle), Cerebral Aqueduct, Septum Pellucidum

Sheep Brain Dissection – Pg. 293:

Dura Mater & Pia Mater (form the meninges), cerebral hemispheres, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, longitudinal fissure, gyri, sulci, cerebellum, cerebral cortex (Gray Matter), optic nerve, optic chiasma, pons, medulla oblongata, spinal cord, corpus callosum.

Try to find some of the sheep cranial nerves using Fig. 19.11

Cranial Nerves – Table 19.1:

Know a function for each of the 12 cranial nerves. Don’t memorize their order (i.e. you do not have to know which is the 6th cranial nerve).

Additional Information:

Be able to distinguish between the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems.

Know the difference between gray matter and white matter.

Know the functions of cerebrospinal fluid.

Be familiar with the following conditions: meningitis, hydrocephalus, and concussions

Recommended Homework:

Blue book: Pg. 299-304, Questions 1, 2, 4, 5, 16

Yellow Book: Pg. 601-606, Questions 1, 2, 4, 5, 16

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