Hydroelectric power plant pros and cons

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Hydroelectric power plant pros and cons

While hydropower does not cause water or air pollution, it does have an environmental impact. Hydroelectric power plants may harm fish populations, change water temperature and flow (disturbing plants and animals) and force the relocation of people and animals who live near the dam site.Some fish,

like salmon, may be prevented from swimming upstream to spawn. Technologies like fish ladders help salmon go up over dams and enter upstream spawning areas, but the presence of hydroelectric dams changes their migration patterns and hurts fish populations. Hydropower plants can also cause low

dissolved oxygen levels in the water, which is harmful to river habitats.A dam that creates a reservoir (or a dam that diverts water to a run-of-river hydropower plant) can change natural water temperatures, water chemistry, river flow characteristics and silt loads. All of these changes can affect the ecology

and the physical characteristics of the river. These changes may have negative effects on native plants and on animals in and around the river. Reservoirs may cover important natural areas, agricultural land or archeological sites. A reservoir and the operation of the dam may also result in the relocation of

people. The physical impacts of a dam and reservoir, the operation of the dam and the use of the water can change the environment over a much larger area than the area a reservoir covers.Reservoirs may also lead to the creation of methane, a harmful greenhouse gas. Hydropower is one of the most

important, cheapest, and widely-used renewable sources of energy. Hydropower has been in use since the earliest human civilizations, and it represents about 16.6 percent of total electricity production. Hydropower offers advantages over other energy sources, but it also causes environmental and social

threats. Weighing the hydro power pros and cons is critical because we should know the impact our actions have when creating sustainable energy solutions. In this article, with the ever-increasing demand for renewable energy to power the planet, Linquip will review the advantages and disadvantages of

hydroelectric energy. Read to find out more. Hydroelectric Power: Advantages Hydropower has plenty of advantages and can be regarded as a promising technology in the transition process from fossil to renewable energies. Let¡¯s look at the benefits that come with harnessing the incredible power of

moving water. Hydroelectricity uses the energy of running water, without reducing its quantity, to produce electricity. It will still be a sustainable power source if the infrastructure around this kind of power will be sophisticated enough to meet the challenges related to global warming. The energy produced

by hydroelectric plants does not create any toxic or greenhouse gases that pollute the atmosphere. The hydroelectric plants emit fewer greenhouse gasses than fossil-based power sources, which helps mitigate climate change, acid rains, and smog. Hydroelectric power also improves the air quality we

breathe because they don¡¯t emit air pollutants. Hydroelectric enterprises that are developed and operated in a manner that is economically viable, environmentally sensible, and socially responsible represent the best concept of sustainable development. It supplies cause for highway construction, attracts

various industries, and gives an overall boost in commerce. In contrast to power production with fossil fuels, the production of hydropower does not require mining or the shipping of fuels over very long distances. There is no mining in the hydropower production involved, and the water will be converted

into energy right where the power plant had been installed. Despite expensive upfront building costs, hydroelectric power is a cost-competitive source of energy. River water is a domestic resource that, contrary to fuel or natural gas, is not subject to market fluctuations. In addition to this, it is the only large

renewable source of electricity, and its cost-benefit ratio, efficiency, flexibility, and reliability assist in optimizing the use of thermal power plants. Especially in regions where there is a high level of unemployment, the construction of hydropower plants may be a chance to create jobs and to improve the

overall living conditions of the local population. As a result, the average income of the local population increases, which in turn increases consumption levels and tax revenue. Hydroelectric power plants supply electricity to remote communities, attract construction of highways, industry, and commerce. All

these activities serve to uplift the economy of these remote areas, increase access to education and healthcare, and enhance the overall life quality of residents. The lake that forms behind the dam can be used for recreational opportunities, offering activities such as fishing, boating, and swimming. The

lake¡¯s water can also find use for irrigation purposes. Apart from this, large dams become a hotspot for tourist attractions. It can give nearby towns a boost economically. Hydroelectric Power: Disadvantages The flip side to all these advantages of hydroelectric energy is the disadvantages of hydroelectric

energy. It is not perfect, however, and the negative effect of hydroelectric power is on the environment and local ecology. Here are a few main disadvantages of hydroelectric power. Advantages and Disadvantages of Biogas: A Complete Guide Interruptions of natural water flow can have an immense

impact on the environment and the river ecosystem. Hydropower facilities can affect land use, riverine valley forests, marshlands, and grasslands in the dam area. Reservoirs may cover people¡¯s homes, important natural areas, agricultural land, and archaeological sites. Areas that previously have been

covered by water may dry up, and those that have been dry may water cover them. In turn, many animals and plant species may be confused due to these changes in natural living conditions, which may lead to a decrease of those species and may also lead to an imbalance in local ecosystems.

Hydroelectric power plants and dams can be incredibly expensive to construct. Moreover, the projects take long periods to finish and will have to operate for a long time too to recover the money spent on construction. Compared to the falling prices of solar installations, for example, hydropower is a more

challenging renewable project to finance. Although water is an unlimited resource, the conditions necessary to build a dam are limited. For the efficient production of hydroelectricity, there is a need for large rivers or streams to provide enough water. It is challenging to find a suitable spot that has a large

year-round water supply, with the right amount of water, and is close enough to exist power lines. When weighing the advantages and disadvantages of hydroelectric energy, it¡¯s necessary to consider the fact that water can and does go through cycles of abundance and drought. One of the main

downsides of setting up hydroelectric power plants is the occurrence of local drought. Rivers often represent the border between the two countries. When it comes to decisions regarding the construction of hydropower plants, both countries have to agree that this construction is in line with the goals of

both countries. If one country wants to build a hydropower plant and the other country does not, there may be serious conflicts between those countries that may even result in wars in the worst case. Local populations living downstream can become vulnerable to flooding due to the possible strong water

currents that might flow from the dams. As a result, people have to relocate to facilitate the construction of the dam needed to generate hydroelectricity. The World Commission on Dams estimated in 2000 that dams had physically displaced 40-80 million people worldwide. The final disadvantage of

hydroelectric energy on our list is water quality. When dams are created, they limit the flow of water, which affects the oxygen levels in the water. Lower oxygen levels behind the dam can result in lower oxygen levels downstream as well. When there is not as much oxygen in the water, it is more difficult

for some species of fish to survive, which affects river habitats. So, there you have a detailed description of the advantages and disadvantages of hydroelectric energy. If you enjoyed this article in Linquip, let us know by leaving a reply in the comment section. Is there any question we can help you

through? Feel free to sign up on our website to get the most professional advice from our experts. When we talk about conventional energy, we talk about the non-renewable sources of energy. Conventional sources of energy are the energy that is naturally available in nature. They are present in a

minimal amount in the world, and will one day perish if it is not sustainably used. Natural gas, coal, oil, thermal power plants, hydroelectricity, and hydropower plants are some of the examples of conventional sources of energy. Among these sources, hydroelectricity is considered to be clean and an

efficient source of energy for long term use.The most significant disadvantage of conventional sources of energy is that they tend to pollute the environment. They are also very limited and finite in terms of quantity available for extraction. The only exception is hydroelectricity. India has a high potential to

produce electricity with hydropower plants. Only 15% of the total open source is being used right now. Therefore, you need to get a proper grasp on what is hydroelectricity and on what is hydropower plant.HydroelectricityLet's start by answering the question of what is hydroelectricity. When electrical

current is generated from the kinetic energy of flowing water, we call it hydroelectricity. It could be a water turbine driven electric generator in a dam, a generator driven by a water wheel in a water stream, or even an air-driven electric generator in which air is compressed to drive the generator by the

action of ocean waves.Advantages of Hydroelectricity:It is a clean and non-polluting source of energy.No fuel is required. Water is the source of energy, and it does not consume water.Dams are constructed near rivers. As the water level rises, the kinetic energy of water gets changed to potential

energy.Disadvantages of Hydroelectricity:Highly expensive.Large areas of human habitation and agricultural fields are submerged.Dams can be made in limited areas.Uses of Hydroelectricity:To generate and supply clean energy.Hydroelectricity is stored during low usage and used when demand

increases.Hydropower PlantLet's try to understand what is hydropower plant. When water is at a height, it has potential energy stored in it. When this water flows down, its potential energy is first converted to kinetic energy and then to mechanical energy with the help of turbines. With the use of a

generator, the mechanical energy is transformed into electrical energy. Hydropower is essential only next to thermal power. Hydropower plants meet nearly 20% of the total power of the world.Advantages of Hydropower Plants:Rainwater is stored in the dam. Thus, it is considered to be a renewable

source of energy.The construction of dams helps in providing irrigation of the local farmers; it also helps in controlling floods.This method of electricity generation does not produce any pollution.Their operational cost is very low.The Disadvantage of Hydropower Plants:Hydropower plants require high

capital with a low rate of return.Dams can only be built at specific locations.A Large area of agriculture is submerged underwater.Uses of Hydropower Plants:Since the generation of electricity in hydropower plants is very quick, they can provide essential back-up power during major electricity

outages.Hydropower is used to control flood, help in irrigation, and water supply.Hydropower plays a major role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.Working Principle of Hydropower PlantNow that you have a thorough understanding of what is hydroelectricity, and on what is hydropower plant, we will

soon see how is hydroelectricity produced in the plants. We use the gravitational force of the water to produce electricity. Image will be uploaded soonThe image shows the necessary components of a Hydropower Plant.The first thing that we need is a high-rise dam to stop the flow of water and

accumulate it in one place. When all the water is gathered, a lot of potential energy is stored in the water. Next, the sluice gates are opened up, and the water is made to flow with high pressure. When water flows, the potential energy gets converted into kinetic energy. When the running water hits the

blades of a turbine, the kinetic energy of the water is converted into mechanical energy. This turbine is in turn connected to a generator. As the turbine rotates rapidly, the generator generates electricity in the powerhouse. The used water will flow out into the river, and the water level in the dam decreases.

This level will increase once again with the help of natural rainwater. Therefore, it is a natural resource that will never get exhausted.World Distribution of HydropowerThe most crucial and widely used renewable source of energy is hydroelectricity which is produced in hydropower plants. Hydropower

plants meet only 20% of the total power of the world. When it comes to the production of hydroelectricity, China is the largest producer, followed by the United States, Brazil, and Canada. Around 66% of the economically feasible hydropower is yet to be tapped. Untapped resources are still present in

Central Africa, China, India, and Latin America.Hydropower remains the dominant electricity source across North and Central America.South America was the second-fastest-growing region, adding 4,855 MW in installed hydropower capacity in 2018.Hydropower is increasingly recognised in Europe for its

flexible services to maintain secure, affordable and sustainable energy supplyEast Asia and the Pacific again saw the highest annual increase in hydropower installed capacity in 2018.

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