Beverage Density Lab Report .docx



Carly Kosinski

Period 4

10/23/13

Beverage Density Lab Report

Background

Density is determined by dividing the mass of the object, by the volume. The substance can be identified by knowing the density. To measure the mass, you use a balance. The liquid needs to be measured in a graduated cylinder, a buret, or a pipet. The density of an object, depends on its concentration. A calibration curve (graph) can be drawm to shows the relationship between the density of a solution..

Hypothesis

If the sugar content relationship to density is correct, then the Percentages will equal the information provided on nutrition labels.

Procedure

Materials:

balance small beaker, 5 sugar solutions graduated cylinder, 4 beverages plus unknown

Safety: goggles, glass breakage, spills

1. Calculate and plot Part A’s densities on a graph and for a calibration curve of density versus percent sugar concentration.

2. Calculate the density of the four beverages and an unknown.

3. Plot density versus concentration for the five reference solutions on a graph. Use a ruler to draw the “best-fit” straight line through the data points. Use the graph to estimate the unknown sugar concentrations in the first beverage. The point where this vertical “line” meets the x-axis equals the percent concentration of sugar in the beverage solution.

4. Use a calibration curve to find how much sugar they contain.

5. Record the density of the beverages and the estimated percent sugar concentration in a Results Table.

6. Compare the results to the percentages on the nutrition label of the beverages.

7. Calculate the percent error of the experimental percent sugar and the percent sugar concentrate given on the nutrition label.

8. Record your percent error in the Results table.

Data Table A: Density of Reference Solutions

|Solution |Mass, g |Sample Volume, mL |Density, g/mL |

|0% Sugar |9.45 g |10.00 |.945 g/ml |

|5% Sugar |9.51 g |10.00 |.951 g/ml |

|10% Sugar |9.56 g |10.00 |.956 g/ml |

|15% Sugar |9.89 g |10.00 |.989 g/ml |

|20% Sugar |10.11 g |10.00 |1.011 g/ml |

Data Table B: Beverage Densities

|Beverage |Mass, g |Sample Volume, mL |Density, g/mL |

|Powerade |9.95 g |10.00 |0.995 g/ml |

|Diet Pepsi |9.75 g |10.00 |0.975 g/ml |

|Pepsi |12.40 g |10.00 |1.24 g/ml |

|Lemonade |10.18 |10.00 |1.018 g/ml |

|Apple Juice |10.20 |10.00 |1.02 g/ml |

|Unknown _____ |10.15 g |10.00 |1.015 g/ml |

Results Table:

|Beverage |Experimental % sugar |

|Powerade |5% |

|Diet Pepsi |0% |

|Apple Juice |11% |

|Pepsi |9% |

|Lemonade |13% |

Post-Lab: Results Table

|Beverage |Measured density, g/mL|Percent sugar |Amount of sugar |Percent sugar |Percent error |

| | |(experimental) |(Nutrition label) |(calculated from | |

| | | | |Nutrition label) | |

|Pepsi |1.24 g/ml |9% |41g/355mL |11% |-18% |

|Diet Pepsi |.975 g/ml |0% |0g/355mL |0% |0% |

|Apple Juice |1.02 g/ml |11% |27g/240mL |11% |0% |

|Lemonade |1.018 g/ml |13% |31g/ 240mL |12% |8% |

Analysis

My measured density for pure water was .945 g/ml. My measurement might be higher or lower due to the mass I calculated or the amount of volume could have been incorrectly measured out. If a beverage is diet, the sugar content will be decreased, or have zero. Different ingredients in the beverage can affect the mass and volume which would differ the density of the solution. When plotting data it is not appropriate to connect dots, because you would not be able to identify the relationship between the densities, estimated percent sugar concentration, and the percent sugar concentration given on the nutritional label. If I were to do the lab again, I don’t think I would get the same results, because I did not angle my calibration curve exactly how it should have been angled. This error affected my results when I drew a line to find the estimated percentage sugar concentration. For further study, I would make my estimates more precise, which would end with a better outcome for the lab.

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