Physics 101 Formulas

Physics 101 Formulas

Kinematics

"#$

= '

')

"#$

= '

')

= , +

=

,

+

,

+ 1 3 2

3 = ,3 + 2

= 9.8 m/s3 = 32.2 ft/s3 (near Earth's surface)

Last Name: First Name: Lab Section: Exam Day:

Exam Time

Dynamics

=

= (near Earth's surface)

G,I"J = GM

N = NM

O

= #P

Q

=

3

Universal Gravitation

Universal Gravitational Constant

=

6.7 ?

10?ZZ

N

]P ^_P

`

=

aIbIP QP

`

=

- aIbIP

Q

Work & Energy

e = cos()

= Z 3 = mP

3

3I

Mno = = p ? q

= +

sO = = p ? q = (p + p) ? (q + q)

`t"# =

Impulse & Momentum Impulse: = "#$ =

"#$ = = p ? q

"#$ = /

$J) = )y)"z = )y)"z,pqs"z ? )y)"z,qsq)q"z

OI

= Ibb { IPP

Ib { IP

(momentum conserved if $J) = 0)

Elastic Collisions: Mass moving with ; Stationary mass

I,p

=

I,q

I? I{

,p

=

I,q

3I I{

Rotational Kinematics

= , +

=

,

+

,

+ Z 3

3

3 = ,3 + 2

o =

o =

o =

(rolling without slipping: = = = )

1 revolution = 2 radians

Rotational Statics & Dynamics

= sin

= 0 and = 0 (static equilibrium)

=

=

= $J) =

(angular momentum conserved if $J) = 0)

ty)

= Z 3

3

= "P

3"

)y)"z

=

)t"sG

+

ty)

= Z 3

3

+ Z 3

3

Moments of Inertia (I)

= 3 (for a collection of point particles)

= 1 3 (solid disk or cylinder)

2

=

2 5

3

(solid

ball)

= 2 3 (hollow sphere) 3

= 3 (hoop or hollow cylinder)

= 1 3 (uniform rod about center)

12

1 =

3

3 (uniform rod about one end)

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Physics 101 Formulas

Fluids = e , () = (0) + change in pressure with depth

TM

= (density)

oe

Buoyant force ? = YqG = weight of displaced fluid Flow rate = ZZ = 3 3 continuity equation

Z

+

Z 3

Z3

+

Z

=

3

+

Z 3

33

+

3

Bernoulli equation

?")$t = 1000 kg/m? 1 m? = 1000 liters 1 atm = 1.01 10? Pa 1 Pa = 1 N/m3 (area of circle A=r2)

Simple Harmonic Motion

Hooke's Law: G = ?

Gmtqs`

= Z 3

3

() = cos() or () = sin()

() = ? sin() () = cos()

() = ? 3cos() or () = ? 3sin()

3 = N = 3? = 2?I

I

?

N

= 1/

I"J = I"J = I"J = 3 = 2

For a simple pendulum 3 = ` , = 2 L / g "

Harmonic Waves

= ? =

= = 3 ? 10? m/s for electromagnetic waves (light, microwaves, etc.)

o

3

=

e I?"

for wave on a string

s

=

3 s

(wavelength,

of

the

)?

harmonic)

Sound Waves

Loudness:

=

10 log10

-"?

"?

(in dB), where ,

=

10?Z3 W/m3

=

? ??tP

(sound intensity)

3

-

Z

=

(10

dB)

log

?3? Z

zqG)s$t

=

? ? #??????#???????

#?????#??????

Gy?tO$

(Doppler

Effect)

Numerator: Use + if listener moves toward source ? if listener moves away from source.

Denominator: Use ? if source moves toward listener + if source moves away from listener.

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Physics 101 Formulas

Temperature and Heat

Temperature:

Celsius (?) to Fahrenheit (e) conversion: ?

=

-?

?

(e

?

32)

Celsius (?) to Kelvin (?) conversion: ? = ? + 273

= , = , thermal expansion

= specific heat capacity

= p latent heat of fusion (solid to liquid) = # atent heat of vaporization

= / conduction

= ? radiation ( = 5.67 ? 10?? J/(s m3 K?))

s$) = (? ? ,?)

(surface area of a sphere = 43 )

Ideal Gas & Kinetic Theory

TM = 6.022 103? molecules/mole

Mass of carbon - 12 = 12.000 u

= = ?

=

8.31

? (]???)

?

=Q=

M?

1.38 ?

10?3? J/K

"#$

=

? 3

?

=

Z 3

t3IG

=

? 3

?

(internal

energy

of

a

monatomic

ideal

gas)

t3IG

= ?N?o

I

= ?Qo

(

= molar mass = kg/mole)

Thermodynamics

= + (1st Law) = -? (internal energy of a monatomic ideal gas for fixed )

3

oe = (3/2) = 12.5 J/(mol K) (specific heat at constant volume for a monatomic ideal gas)

? + ? + = 0 (heat engine or refrigerator)

= ?

??

I"J

=

1 ? o?

o?

(Carnot engine)

= (work done by an expanding gas) = / (entropy)

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