Running head: ESI BRIEF FORM



ESI-bf

Copyright 2013 by Christopher J. Patrick, Mark D. Kramer, Robert F. Krueger, & Kristian E. Markon

Directions: This questionnaire contains statements that different people might use to describe themselves. Each statements is followed by four choices: T t f F. The meaning of these four different choices is as follows:

T = True t = somewhat true f = somewhat false F = False

For each statement, circle the choice that describes you best. There are no right or wrong answers; just choose the answer that best describes you.

Remember: Circle only one choice per statement.

Answer all of the items. Please work rapidly and do not spend too much time on any one statement.

|1. |I have had problems at work because I was irresponsible. | |T |t |f |F |

|2. |I enjoy pushing people around sometimes. | |T |t |f |F |

|3. |Things are more fun if a little danger is involved. | |T |t |f |F |

|4. |I've enjoyed getting drunk now and then, just for fun. | |T |t |f |F |

|5. |I sympathize with others’ problems. | |T |t |f |F |

|6. |I have lied to avoid paying back loans. | |T |t |f |F |

|7. |I have snorted drugs. | |T |t |f |F |

|8. |I've had urges to use marijuana that were hard to resist. | |T |t |f |F |

|9. |I have stolen something out of a vehicle. | |T |t |f |F |

|10. |I get in trouble for not considering the consequences of my actions. | |T |t |f |F |

|11. |I've smoked marijuana at parties. | |T |t |f |F |

|12. |I control myself and think before I do something. | |T |t |f |F |

|13. |I've been hurt so many times I can't trust anymore. | |T |t |f |F |

|14. |People I’ve worked for would describe me as highly reliable. | |T |t |f |F |

|15. |I don't see any point in worrying if what I do hurts someone else. | |T |t |f |F |

|16. |Others have told me I'm a rebellious person. | |T |t |f |F |

|17. |I have brought a weapon into a fight. | |T |t |f |F |

|18. |I have borrowed money with no thought of paying it back. | |T |t |f |F |

|19. |I have missed work without bothering to call in. | |T |t |f |F |

|20. |After trying to cut down on alcohol, I've had physical problems like sweating or feeling | |T |t |f |F |

| |shaky. | | | | | |

|21. |My drug use led to problems at work or school. | |T |t |f |F |

|22. |I've injured people to see them in pain. | |T |t |f |F |

|23. |I've gone out of my way to get marijuana. | |T |t |f |F |

|24. |I sometimes insult people on purpose to get a reaction from them. | |T |t |f |F |

|25. |I feel bored a lot of the time. | |T |t |f |F |

|26. |It doesn’t bother me to see someone else in pain. | |T |t |f |F |

|27. |I have enjoyed smoking marijuana with friends. | |T |t |f |F |

|28. |I have taken money from someone's purse or wallet without asking. | |T |t |f |F |

|29. |I've quit a job without giving two weeks notice. | |T |t |f |F |

|30. |I get blamed for things that I don't do. | |T |t |f |F |

|31. |I don’t drink. | |T |t |f |F |

|32. |I have gotten things from people by making them feel sorry for me. | |T |t |f |F |

|33. |I have taken a drug like LSD or magic mushrooms. | |T |t |f |F |

|34. |I seek out thrills almost everywhere I go. | |T |t |f |F |

|35. |I don't lie very much. | |T |t |f |F |

|36. |Others have told me they are concerned about my lack of self-control. | |T |t |f |F |

|37. |I’ve used downers like Valium or Xanax for non-medical reasons. | |T |t |f |F |

|38. |Most of the time, I have good self control. | |T |t |f |F |

|39. |I have used a weapon against someone who insulted me. | |T |t |f |F |

|40. |It doesn’t bother me when people around me are hurting. | |T |t |f |F |

|41. |I often get bored quickly and lose interest. | |T |t |f |F |

|42. |I've often ended up drinking more than I should. | |T |t |f |F |

|43. |I usually let people know when I'll be late. | |T |t |f |F |

|44. |I have taken items from a store without paying for them. | |T |t |f |F |

|45. |I’ve let people down who trusted me. | |T |t |f |F |

|46. |I gave up things I used to enjoy because of drugs. | |T |t |f |F |

|47. |When I want something, I want it right now. | |T |t |f |F |

|48. |I taunt people just to stir things up. | |T |t |f |F |

|49. |I've gotten in trouble because I missed too much school. | |T |t |f |F |

|50. |I've gotten drunk. | |T |t |f |F |

|51. |I often disobey rules. | |T |t |f |F |

|52. |I have tried smoking marijuana. | |T |t |f |F |

|53. |I’ve lost control of my alcohol use. | |T |t |f |F |

|54. |I have hit someone in the face or head in anger. | |T |t |f |F |

|55. |I have never bought drugs. | |T |t |f |F |

|56. |I have damaged someone’s things because it was exciting. | |T |t |f |F |

|57. |I gave up things I used to enjoy because of marijuana. | |T |t |f |F |

|58. |I have lied to get someone to sleep with me. | |T |t |f |F |

|59. |I let others know if I’m running behind. | |T |t |f |F |

|60. |My drinking led to problems at home. | |T |t |f |F |

|61. |I return insults. | |T |t |f |F |

|62. |I have broken into a house, school, or other building. | |T |t |f |F |

|63. |I enjoy a good physical fight. | |T |t |f |F |

|64. |I've used drugs when it might be hazardous, like while driving a car. | |T |t |f |F |

|65. |People often abuse my trust. | |T |t |f |F |

|66. |I quickly get bored if I don't have something to do. | |T |t |f |F |

|67. |I've gone on drinking binges. | |T |t |f |F |

|68. |One or more times in my life, I have beaten someone up for bothering me. | |T |t |f |F |

|69. |I hate waiting to get things that I want. | |T |t |f |F |

|70. |I have spread rumors about people who were competing with me. | |T |t |f |F |

|71. |Even when I don’t do anything wrong, I still get blamed for it. | |T |t |f |F |

|72. |I’ve taken an illegal drug that gave me a rush and made me more awake. | |T |t |f |F |

|73. |I have lost a friend because of irresponsible things I've done. | |T |t |f |F |

|74. |I have snuck marijuana or hash into a public event. | |T |t |f |F |

|75. |I rarely lie. | |T |t |f |F |

|76. |I don't have much sympathy for people. | |T |t |f |F |

|77. |I usually think a lot about decisions before I make them. | |T |t |f |F |

|78. |When I say I’ll do something, I always follow through. | |T |t |f |F |

|79. |I've had legal problems because of my drug use. | |T |t |f |F |

|80. |I do lots of things just to get a thrill. | |T |t |f |F |

|81. |I've had legal problems because I couldn't resist my impulses. | |T |t |f |F |

|82. |I've spent big parts of my day using marijuana. | |T |t |f |F |

|83. |I've broken something belonging to someone else to get back at them. | |T |t |f |F |

|84. |I have robbed someone. | |T |t |f |F |

|85. |At times I've drunk enough alcohol to pass out. | |T |t |f |F |

|86. |Many people consider me a rule breaker. | |T |t |f |F |

|87. |At times I kept drinking alcohol even though it caused problems with family or friends. | |T |t |f |F |

|88. |I don’t mind if someone I dislike gets hurt. | |T |t |f |F |

|89. |I've gotten high using marijuana. | |T |t |f |F |

|90. |I have good control over myself. | |T |t |f |F |

|91. |I’ve never taken illegal drugs. | |T |t |f |F |

|92. |I have a hard time waiting patiently for things I want. | |T |t |f |F |

|93. |I have been in trouble with the police for physically hurting someone who angered me. | |T |t |f |F |

|94. |I've asked someone to help bail me out of debt. | |T |t |f |F |

|95. |My impulsive decisions have caused problems with loved ones. | |T |t |f |F |

|96. |At some point in my life, I couldn't get high from a drug dose that worked before. | |T |t |f |F |

|97. |I have gotten money from people by threatening to tell their secrets. | |T |t |f |F |

|98. |I think about things before I do them. | |T |t |f |F |

|99. |When someone hits me, I hit back. | |T |t |f |F |

|100. |How other people feel is important to me | |T |t |f |F |

|101. |My marijuana use led to legal problems. | |T |t |f |F |

|102. |I'm not one who drinks much. | |T |t |f |F |

|103. |I vandalized someone's house or things because they were rude to me. | |T |t |f |F |

|104. |I get unfairly blamed for things. | |T |t |f |F |

|105. |I've had to drink more than I used to in order to get the same buzz. | |T |t |f |F |

|106. |People think of me as dependable. | |T |t |f |F |

|107. |I have taken a purse or wallet from someone who was carrying it. | |T |t |f |F |

|108. |I don't care much if what I do hurts others. | |T |t |f |F |

|109. |I have no interest in trying drugs. | |T |t |f |F |

|110. |For me, honesty really is the best policy. | |T |t |f |F |

|111. |I’m not someone who breaks the rules. | |T |t |f |F |

|112. |I jump into things without thinking. | |T |t |f |F |

|113. |I've told lies about someone just to see how it would affect them. | |T |t |f |F |

|114. |My drug use has caused problems with my family. | |T |t |f |F |

|115. |I would enjoy being in a high-speed chase. | |T |t |f |F |

|116. |I gave up things I used to enjoy because of my drinking. | |T |t |f |F |

|117. |My marijuana use has led to problems at home, work, or school. | |T |t |f |F |

|118. |I have failed to show up to court when I was supposed to. | |T |t |f |F |

|119. |I've bought items used for smoking marijuana. | |T |t |f |F |

|120. |I have damaged someone’s property because I was angry with them. | |T |t |f |F |

|121. |It’s easy for me to relate to other people’s emotions. | |T |t |f |F |

|122. |I have not tried drinking hard liquor. | |T |t |f |F |

|123. |I've hurt someone's feelings on purpose to get back at them. | |T |t |f |F |

|124. |I've failed to make payments on a loan. | |T |t |f |F |

|125. |I keep appointments I make. | |T |t |f |F |

|126. |I like having a drink of alcohol to relax. | |T |t |f |F |

|127. |I plan before I act. | |T |t |f |F |

|128. |I have used more drugs for longer than I meant to. | |T |t |f |F |

|129. |I have been in trouble with the law for something I did on impulse. | |T |t |f |F |

|130. |I often get in trouble for breaking rules. | |T |t |f |F |

|131. |I have knocked someone’s things to the ground for fun. | |T |t |f |F |

|132. |I have smacked someone who upset me. | |T |t |f |F |

|133. |I get bored easily. | |T |t |f |F |

|134. |I get blamed for things that I did not do wrong. | |T |t |f |F |

|135. |People use me. | |T |t |f |F |

|136. |I've taken drugs to get over the bad effects of quitting a drug. | |T |t |f |F |

|137. |I don’t drink at parties. | |T |t |f |F |

|138. |I like risky activities. | |T |t |f |F |

|139. |My lack of self-control gets me in trouble. | |T |t |f |F |

|140. |It's difficult for me to tell a lie. | |T |t |f |F |

|141. |At times, marijuana has been more important to me than work, friends, or school. | |T |t |f |F |

|142. |I have destroyed property just for kicks. | |T |t |f |F |

|143. |I've often missed things I promised to attend. | |T |t |f |F |

|144. |I have conned people to get money from them. | |T |t |f |F |

|145. |I have broken into someone's home and taken things. | |T |t |f |F |

|146. |I am sensitive to the feelings of others. | |T |t |f |F |

|147. |I've broken the law to get money for drugs. | |T |t |f |F |

|148. |I truly feel others' emotions. | |T |t |f |F |

|149. |I have a habit of breaking rules. | |T |t |f |F |

|150. |I'm not a drinker. | |T |t |f |F |

|151. |I've made a fool of someone because it made me feel good. | |T |t |f |F |

|152. |I often act on immediate needs. | |T |t |f |F |

|153. |I have bought marijuana. | |T |t |f |F |

|154. |I have stolen something worth more than $10. | |T |t |f |F |

|155. |I'll take my chances at getting hurt if it means having more fun. | |T |t |f |F |

|156. |When I want something, nothing else seems important. | |T |t |f |F |

|157. |I've been fired from more than one job. | |T |t |f |F |

|158. |After trying to cut down on drinking alcohol, I've felt sad or irritable. | |T |t |f |F |

|159. |I'm honest with others. | |T |t |f |F |

|160. |I’ve trembled and gotten sweaty when I stopped using drugs. | |T |t |f |F |

ESI-bf Scoring Instructions

Notes:

1. In this scoring scheme, all items are scored in the direction of higher externalizing deviancy,* with scores for each scale computed as the sum of scores for constituent items.

*Consistent with this scheme, Planful Control, Dependability, Honesty, and Empathy scales are scored such that higher scores reflect *Lack of* Planful Control, Dependability, Honesty, and Empathy, respectively.

2. (-) = reverse-keyed item, scored as T=0, t=1, f=2, F=3. All other items are scored as T=3, t=2, f=1, F=0.

3. To compute total score for ESI-bf, simply add up scores for individual Facet scales.

4. Items of Factor scales, which comprise a subset of ESI-bf Facet scale items, can be administered as ‘stand-alone’ scales if objective is to obtain ESI factor scores only.

Facet Scales:

Problematic Impulsivity.....10, 36, 81, 95, 112, 129, 139

Irresponsibility.....1, 19, 29, 45, 49, 73, 94, 118, 124, 157

Theft.....9, 28, 44, 62, 84, 107, 145, 154

Fraud.....6, 18, 32, 58, 97, 144

Impatient Urgency.....47, 69, 92, 152, 156

(Lacks) Planful Control.....12(-), 38(-), 77(-), 90(-), 98(-), 127(-)

(Lacks) Dependability.....14(-), 43(-), 59(-), 78(-), 106(-), 125(-), 143

Alienation…..13, 65, 135

Boredom Proneness.....25, 41, 66, 133

Blame Externalization.....30, 71, 104, 134

(Lacks) Honesty.....35(-), 75(-), 110(-), 140(-), 159(-)

Rebelliousness.....16, 51, 86, 111(-), 130, 149

Physical Aggression.....17, 39, 54, 63, 68, 93, 99, 132

Destructive Aggression.....22, 56, 83, 103, 120, 131, 142

Relational Aggression.....2, 24, 48, 61, 70, 113, 123, 151

(Lacks) Empathy.....5(-), 15, 26, 40, 76, 88, 100(-), 108, 121(-), 146(-), 148(-)

Excitement Seeking.....3, 34, 80, 115, 138, 155

Marijuana Use.....11, 27, 52, 74, 89, 119, 153

Marijuana Problems.....8, 23, 57, 82, 101, 117, 141

Drug Use.....33, 55(-), 64, 72, 91(-), 109(-)

Drug Problems.....7, 21, 37, 46, 79, 96, 114, 128, 136, 147, 160

Alcohol Use.....4, 31(-), 50, 85, 102(-), 122(-), 126, 137(-), 150(-)

Alcohol Problems.....20, 42, 53, 60, 67, 87, 105, 116, 158

Item-Based Factor Scales:

General Disinhibition.....1, 9, 10, 19, 28, 36, 41, 44, 49, 65, 73, 84, 90(-), 92, 95, 112,

125(-), 143, 144, 152

Callous-Aggression.......2, 3, 5(-), 15, 22, 24, 26, 40, 48, 61, 63, 76, 88, 100(-), 108,

110(-), 115, 121(-), 146(-)

Substance Abuse..........7, 8, 23, 27, 33, 37, 42, 50, 52, 67, 82, 89, 91(-), 96, 105,

109(-), 137(-), 150(-)

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