PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTS (SI UNITS)

PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTS (SI UNITS)

APPENDIX

1

Table A?1

Table A?2

Table A?3

Table A?4 Table A?5 Table A?6 Table A?7 Table A?8 Figure A?9 Figure A?10 Table A?11

Table A?12

Table A?13 Figure A?14 Figure A?15

Table A?16

Table A?17 Table A?18 Table A?19

Molar mass, gas constant, and critical-point properties Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases Properties of common liquids, solids, and foods Saturated water--Temperature table Saturated water--Pressure table Superheated water Compressed liquid water Saturated ice?water vapor T-s diagram for water Mollier diagram for water Saturated refrigerant-134a-- Temperature table Saturated refrigerant-134a-- Pressure table Superheated refrigerant-134a P-h diagram for refrigerant-134a Nelson?Obert generalized compressibility chart Properties of the atmosphere at high altitude Ideal-gas properties of air Ideal-gas properties of nitrogen, N2 Ideal-gas properties of oxygen, O2

Table A?20 Table A?21 Table A?22 Table A?23 Table A?24 Table A?25 Table A?26

Table A?27 Table A?28 Figure A?29 Figure A?30 Figure A?31 Table A?32

Table A?33 Table A?34

Ideal-gas properties of carbon dioxide, CO2 Ideal-gas properties of carbon monoxide, CO

Ideal-gas properties of hydrogen, H2 Ideal-gas properties of water vapor, H2O Ideal-gas properties of monatomic oxygen, O

Ideal-gas properties of hydroxyl, OH

Enthalpy of formation, Gibbs function of formation, and absolute entropy at 25?C, 1 atm

Properties of some common fuels and hydrocarbons

Natural logarithms of the equilibrium constant Kp Generalized enthalpy departure chart

Generalized entropy departure chart

Psychrometric chart at 1 atm total pressure

One-dimensional isentropic compressible-flow functions for an ideal gas with k 1.4

One-dimensional normal-shock functions for an ideal gas with k 1.4

Rayleigh flow functions for an ideal gas with k 1.4

907

908 PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTS

TABLE A ?1

Molar mass, gas constant, and critical-point properties

Substance

Formula

Air Ammonia Argon Benzene Bromine n-Butane Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide Carbon tetrachloride Chlorine Chloroform Dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) Dichlorofluoromethane (R-21) Ethane Ethyl alcohol Ethylene Helium n-Hexane Hydrogen (normal) Krypton Methane Methyl alcohol Methyl chloride Neon Nitrogen Nitrous oxide Oxygen Propane Propylene Sulfur dioxide Tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) Trichlorofluoromethane (R-11) Water Xenon

--

NH3 Ar

C6H6 Br2 C4H10 CO2 CO

CCl4 Cl2 CHCl3 CCl2F2 CHCl2F C2H6 C2H5OH C2H4 He

C6H14 H2 Kr

CH4 CH3OH CH3Cl Ne

N2 N2O O2 C3H8 C3H6 SO2 CF3CH2F CCl3F H2O Xe

Molar mass, M kg/kmol

28.97 17.03 39.948 78.115 159.808 58.124 44.01 28.011 153.82 70.906 119.38 120.91 102.92 30.070 46.07 28.054

4.003 86.179

2.016 83.80 16.043 32.042 50.488 20.183 28.013 44.013 31.999 44.097 42.081 64.063 102.03 137.37 18.015 131.30

Gas constant, R kJ/kg?K*

0.2870 0.4882 0.2081 0.1064 0.0520 0.1430 0.1889 0.2968 0.05405 0.1173 0.06964 0.06876 0.08078 0.2765 0.1805 0.2964 2.0769 0.09647 4.1240 0.09921 0.5182 0.2595 0.1647 0.4119 0.2968 0.1889 0.2598 0.1885 0.1976 0.1298 0.08149 0.06052 0.4615 0.06332

Critical-point properties

Temperature, K

Pressure, MPa

Volume, m3/kmol

132.5 405.5 151 562 584 425.2 304.2 133 556.4 417 536.6 384.7 451.7 305.5 516 282.4

5.3 507.9

33.3 209.4 191.1 513.2 416.3

44.5 126.2 309.7 154.8 370 365 430.7 374.2 471.2 647.1 289.8

3.77 11.28

4.86 4.92 10.34 3.80 7.39 3.50 4.56 7.71 5.47 4.01 5.17 4.48 6.38 5.12 0.23 3.03 1.30 5.50 4.64 7.95 6.68 2.73 3.39 7.27 5.08 4.26 4.62 7.88 4.059 4.38 22.06 5.88

0.0883 0.0724 0.0749 0.2603 0.1355 0.2547 0.0943 0.0930 0.2759 0.1242 0.2403 0.2179 0.1973 0.1480 0.1673 0.1242 0.0578 0.3677 0.0649 0.0924 0.0993 0.1180 0.1430 0.0417 0.0899 0.0961 0.0780 0.1998 0.1810 0.1217 0.1993 0.2478 0.0560 0.1186

*The unit kJ/kg?K is equivalent to kPa?m3/kg?K. The gas constant is calculated from R Ru /M, where Ru 8.31447 kJ/kmol?K and M is the molar mass.

Source: K. A. Kobe and R. E. Lynn, Jr., Chemical Review 52 (1953), pp. 117?236; and ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamentals (Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1993), pp. 16.4 and 36.1.

909 APPENDIX 1

TABLE A?2

Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases (a) At 300 K

Gas constant, R

cp

cv

Gas

Formula

kJ/kg?K

kJ/kg?K

kJ/kg?K

k

Air Argon Butane Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide Ethane Ethylene Helium Hydrogen Methane Neon Nitrogen Octane Oxygen Propane Steam

--

Ar

C4H10 CO2 CO

C2H6 C2H4 He

H2 CH4 Ne

N2 C8H18 O2 C3H8 H2O

0.2870 0.2081 0.1433 0.1889 0.2968 0.2765 0.2964 2.0769 4.1240 0.5182 0.4119 0.2968 0.0729 0.2598 0.1885 0.4615

1.005 0.5203 1.7164 0.846 1.040 1.7662 1.5482 5.1926 14.307 2.2537 1.0299 1.039 1.7113 0.918 1.6794 1.8723

0.718 0.3122 1.5734 0.657 0.744 1.4897 1.2518 3.1156 10.183 1.7354 0.6179 0.743 1.6385 0.658 1.4909 1.4108

1.400 1.667 1.091 1.289 1.400 1.186 1.237 1.667 1.405 1.299 1.667 1.400 1.044 1.395 1.126 1.327

Note: The unit kJ/kg?K is equivalent to kJ/kg??C. Source: Chemical and Process Thermodynamics 3/E by Kyle, B. G., ? 2000. Adapted by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.

910 PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTS

TABLE A?2

Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases (Continued) (b) At various temperatures

Temperature, K

250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 900 1000

cp kJ/kg?K

1.003 1.005 1.008 1.013 1.020 1.029 1.040 1.051 1.063 1.075 1.087 1.099 1.121 1.142

cv kJ/kg?K

Air

0.716 0.718 0.721 0.726 0.733 0.742 0.753 0.764 0.776 0.788 0.800 0.812 0.834 0.855

k

1.401 1.400 1.398 1.395 1.391 1.387 1.381 1.376 1.370 1.364 1.359 1.354 1.344 1.336

cp

cv

kJ/kg?K kJ/kg?K k

Carbon dioxide, CO2

0.791 0.846 0.895 0.939 0.978 1.014 1.046 1.075 1.102 1.126 1.148 1.169 1.204 1.234

0.602 0.657 0.706 0.750 0.790 0.825 0.857 0.886 0.913 0.937 0.959 0.980 1.015 1.045

1.314 1.288 1.268 1.252 1.239 1.229 1.220 1.213 1.207 1.202 1.197 1.193 1.186 1.181

250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 900 1000

14.051 14.307 14.427 14.476 14.501 14.513 14.530 14.546 14.571 14.604 14.645 14.695 14.822 14.983

Hydrogen, H2

9.927 10.183 10.302 10.352 10.377 10.389 10.405 10.422 10.447 10.480 10.521 10.570 10.698 10.859

1.416 1.405 1.400 1.398 1.398 1.397 1.396 1.396 1.395 1.394 1.392 1.390 1.385 1.380

1.039 1.039 1.041 1.044 1.049 1.056 1.065 1.075 1.086 1.098 1.110 1.121 1.145 1.167

Nitrogen, N2

0.742 0.743 0.744 0.747 0.752 0.759 0.768 0.778 0.789 0.801 0.813 0.825 0.849 0.870

1.400 1.400 1.399 1.397 1.395 1.391 1.387 1.382 1.376 1.371 1.365 1.360 1.349 1.341

cp kJ/kg?K

cv kJ/kg?K k

Carbon monoxide, CO

1.039 1.040 1.043 1.047 1.054 1.063 1.075 1.087 1.100 1.113 1.126 1.139 1.163 1.185

0.743 0.744 0.746 0.751 0.757 0.767 0.778 0.790 0.803 0.816 0.829 0.842 0.866 0.888

1.400 1.399 1.398 1.395 1.392 1.387 1.382 1.376 1.370 1.364 1.358 1.353 1.343 1.335

Oxygen, O2

0.913 0.918 0.928 0.941 0.956 0.972 0.988 1.003 1.017 1.031 1.043 1.054 1.074 1.090

0.653 0.658 0.668 0.681 0.696 0.712 0.728 0.743 0.758 0.771 0.783 0.794 0.814 0.830

1.398 1.395 1.389 1.382 1.373 1.365 1.358 1.350 1.343 1.337 1.332 1.327 1.319 1.313

Source: Kenneth Wark, Thermodynamics, 4th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983), p. 783, Table A?4M. Originally published in Tables of Thermal Properties of Gases, NBS Circular 564, 1955.

911 APPENDIX 1

TABLE A?2

Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases (Concluded)

(c) As a function of temperature

_ cp a bT cT 2 dT 3 (T in K, cp in kJ/kmol?K)

Substance

Nitrogen Oxygen Air Hydrogen Carbon monoxide Carbon dioxide Water vapor Nitric oxide Nitrous oxide Nitrogen dioxide Ammonia Sulfur Sulfur dioxide Sulfur trioxide Acetylene Benzene Methanol Ethanol Hydrogen chloride Methane Ethane Propane n-Butane i-Butane n-Pentane n-Hexane Ethylene Propylene

Formula a

N2

28.90

O2

25.48

--

28.11

H2

29.11

CO

28.16

b

0.1571 102 1.520 102

0.1967 102 0.1916 102

0.1675 102

CO2

22.26

5.981 102

H2O

32.24 0.1923 102

NO

29.34 0.09395 102

N2O

24.11 5.8632 102

NO2

22.9

5.715 102

NH3

27.568 2.5630 102

S2

27.21

2.218 102

SO2

25.78

5.795 102

SO3 C2H2 C6H6 CH4O C2H6O

16.40 21.8 36.22 19.0 19.9

14.58 102 9.2143 102 48.475 102

9.152 102 20.96 102

HCl

CH4 C2H6 C3H8 C4H10 C4H10 C5H12 C6H14 C2H4 C3H6

30.33 19.89

6.900 4.04

3.96 7.913

6.774 6.938 3.95 3.15

0.7620 102 5.024 102 17.27 102 30.48 102 37.15 102 41.60 102 45.43 102 55.22 102 15.64 102 23.83 102

c

0.8081 105 0.7155 105

0.4802 105 0.4003 105

0.5372 105

3.501 105 1.055 105 0.9747 105

3.562 105

3.52 105 0.99072 105 1.628 105

3.812 105

11.20 105 6.527 105 31.57 105

1.22 105 10.38 105

1.327 105 1.269 105 6.406 105 15.72 105 18.34 105 23.01 105 22.46 105 28.65 105 8.344 105 12.18 105

d

2.873 109 1.312 109

1.966 109 0.8704 109

2.222 109

7.469 109 3.595 109 4.187 109

10.58 109

7.87 109 6.6909 109

3.986 109

8.612 109

32.42 109 18.21 109 77.62 109 8.039 109 20.05 109

4.338 109 11.01 109

7.285 109 31.74 109 35.00 109 49.91 109 42.29 109 57.69 109 17.67 109 24.62 109

Temperature % error range, K Max. Avg.

273?1800 273?1800 273?1800 273?1800

0.59 1.19 0.72 1.01

0.34 0.28 0.33 0.26

273?1800 0.89 0.37

273?1800 273?1800 273?1500 273?1500

0.67 0.53 0.97 0.59

0.22 0.24 0.36 0.26

273?1500 273?1500 273?1800

0.46 0.91 0.99

0.18 0.36 0.38

273?1800 0.45 0.24

273?1300 273?1500 273?1500 273?1000 273?1500

0.29 1.46 0.34 0.18 0.40

0.13 0.59 0.20 0.08 0.22

273?1500 273?1500 273?1500 273?1500 273?1500 273?1500 273?1500 273?1500 273?1500 273?1500

0.22 1.33 0.83 0.40 0.54 0.25 0.56 0.72 0.54 0.73

0.08 0.57 0.28 0.12 0.24 0.13 0.21 0.20 0.13 0.17

Source: B. G. Kyle, Chemical and Process Thermodynamics (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1984). Used with permission.

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