PLTW Biomedical Sciences Portfolio



Project 6.1.1: Student Response Sheet IntroductionAnna Garcia was only 38 when she died, meaning that at least one of her body systems was no longer able to support life. The failure of one or more of her body systems may be the result of injury due to an accident or could be the result of an illness or a combination of illnesses. Before we can determine which system or systems failed or what caused the failure which led to her death, we have to learn more about the human body.The human body is an amazing machine composed of many interrelated systems which are in turn composed of cells, tissues, and organs that act independently and interdependently within the body. No individual component of a human body works alone. Components of each system in the body affect or interact with every other system. The body is dependent upon the many interactions between all systems and structures to maintain homeostasis and health. In this activity you will investigate the different body systems that make up the human body and explore all of the ways Anna’s various illnesses affected each body system, potentially resulting in her premature death.Procedure: Look back in your course file and list all of the ways each body system was impacted by the illness or disease Anna Garcia experienced in her life. Reference Autopsy Reports, Medical Histories and past lab activities to help you organize this information. Record any evidence that shows how the illness or disease may have been involved with her untimely death. Be specific about relationships between body systems and illness. You will use this chart to help construct your final timeline that explains how Anna died. You will need to eventually upload this document to your e-portfolio under Anna’s Cause of Death. Illnesses’ Effect on System (if applicable)DiabetesSickle Cell AnemiaHeart DiseaseUrinary Tract InfectionCardiovascularIncreased blood glucose levels for a long period of time can cause damage to blood vessels If a lot of blood vessels are damaged it can cause a lasting effect on the body Sickled cell shapes can cause blood clots and lower the amount of b oxygen traveling through the bodyPrevents sufficient collection of oxygen Can cause heart failureLimit the amount of nutrients traveling through the bodyIf the heart stops then the flow of blood stopsIf left without treatment it can spread to the kidneysKidneys filter blood and if it is infected it could cause a lack of blood flow through the body DigestiveCan lead to problems associated with digestion in the stomach (gastroparesis)Poor glycemic control leads to serious Gastrointestinal complicationsBilirubin gallstones - sickle cells die in 20 days; liver breaks down the bilirubin; extra bilirubin can become a gallstone in the gallbladder(bilirubin forms bile)Digestive system receives less blood causing problems with digestionLow oxygen blood causes problems with the intestines absorbing food and nutrients Caused by bacteria that live in the digestive tractInfections of the bladder cause improper secretion of waste. This can lead to a build up of harmful bacterium in the digestive tract and the blood ImmuneCauses the immune system to destroy insil producing cells within the pancreas Also causes people to be more seceptible to infectionsSlows the reactions of the immune system because of blood clots within arteries Causes inflammation responseCan damage heart tissue causing increases risk of heart attack Uneeded immune reactions Increased production of lymphocytes (B & T cells) and antibodies against the bacteria; Inflammatory response (may increase additional UTI and/or damage to urinary tract structures.NervousDiabetic neuropathyHigh elevations of blood glucose levels leads to damage to blood vessel (causes nerve damage) Lack of oxygen in blood fron blood clots can cause nerves to die and can damage the nervous systemCan lead to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and its dysfunction Can cause poor control of sphincter muscles and urine renetion RespiratoryCan cause difficulties with breathing because of tissue death having to do with poor blood circulation Leaves the blood short of red blood cells with which to carry oxygen, can lead to our body struggling to get enough oxygen for our muscles, can leave us out of breath.Damage to heart valves, blockage or backflow of blood can cause shortness of breath from blood not getting to the lungs because it needs its own blood supplyCan cause you shortness of breath and have difficult breathing from the side effects of having a UTI UrinaryCan cause reaccuring UTI’s becauase of poor blood circulation It causes you to urinate out certain electrolytes that a person needs because the kidney isn’t functioning properly Heart Disease caused poor circulation which effects your immune system and makes it easier for infections Increases the feeling of needing to go to the bathroom, urine is cloudy, burning sensation when peeingSources Used: , ................
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