Family Relationships and Family Well-Being
Family Relationships and Family Well-Being:
A Study of the Families of Nine Year-Olds in Ireland
Tony Fahey, Patricia Keilthy and Ela Polek
Family Relationships and Family Well-Being: A Study of the Families of Nine Year-Olds in Ireland
Tony Fahey, Patricia Keilthy and Ela Polek
University College Dublin
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by a grant from the Family Support Agency administered through the Irish Research Council for the Humanities and Social Sciences. Access to the data on which the study is based was provided through the Office for the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs (now the Department of Children and Youth Affairs) and the Central Statistics Office. Technical assistance with certain aspects of the data handling was provided by the Growing Up in Ireland research team in the Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin. Data storage and data protection for the data files used in the study was provided by IT Research Services in University College Dublin. The authors thank all of those involved in these institutions for their assistance and support in carrying out the study. We also thank anonymous reviewers for detailed and constructive commentary on earlier drafts of the study.
The authors
Tony Fahey is Professor of Social Policy in the School of Applied Social Science, UCD. Patricia Keilthy worked on this study as a Research Assistant in the Social Sciences Research Centre, UCD. She is now registered as a PhD student in the School of Applied Social Science, UCD. Ela Polek worked on this study as Data Manager/Analyst for the UCD Research Programme on Children and Families, which operates under the aegis of the Social Sciences Research Centre, UCD. She is now a lecturer in the School of Psychology, UCD.
? Tony Fahey, Patricia Keilthy, Ela Polek 2012
Published by University College Dublin and the Family Support Agency, Dublin.
Contents
List of Tables and Figures........................................................................................................................... iv
Executive Summary.................................................................................................................................. vii Main Findings............................................................................................................................................ vii Policy implications....................................................................................................................................... x
1| Introduction .......................................................................................1
The Concept of Family Well-being.............................................................................................................. 1 Well-being and Inequality............................................................................................................................ 2 Research Topics........................................................................................................................................... 3 Data and Methods........................................................................................................................................ 7 Analytical Objectives................................................................................................................................... 8 Structure of Report....................................................................................................................................... 9
2| Family Context ...............................................................................10
Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 10 The Changing Vulnerable Family ............................................................................................................. 10 The Moderately Large Family .................................................................................................................. 11 Family Instability, Family Size and Child Outcomes: International Research.......................................... 13 The Timing of Family Formation.............................................................................................................. 16 Conclusion................................................................................................................................................. 17
3| Family Structure and Family Types ...............................................18
Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 18 Current Structure ....................................................................................................................................... 18 Initial Structure ......................................................................................................................................... 19 Shared Parenting in Lone Parent and Step Families.................................................................................. 24 Types of Families ...................................................................................................................................... 25 Family Size, Age of Mother and Co-residence with Grandparents........................................................... 27 Distribution of Family Types by Socioeconomic Status ........................................................................... 27 Conclusion................................................................................................................................................. 34
4| Relationship Quality between Parents.............................................35
Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 35 Parent Relationships and Family Type....................................................................................................... 36 Parent Relationships and Family Size ....................................................................................................... 40 Parents' Relationship Quality: Multivariate Analysis ............................................................................... 41 Conclusion................................................................................................................................................. 46
5| The Individual Well-Being of Parents ............................................47
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 47 Parents' Well-being by Family Type and Family Size .............................................................................. 48 Modelling Mothers' Well-Being ............................................................................................................... 50 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................... 56
6| Parent-Child Relationships..............................................................57
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 57 Parent-Child Relationship by Family Type and Family Size..................................................................... 58 Social Inequalities in Parent-Child Relationships...................................................................................... 59 Modelling the Mother-Child Relationship................................................................................................. 60 Modelling the Father-Child Relationship ................................................................................................. 63 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................... 65
7| Children's Well-Being .....................................................................66
Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 66 Measures of Well-being............................................................................................................................. 66 Child Well-being by Family Type and Family Size .................................................................................. 67 Social Inequalities in Child Well-Being .................................................................................................... 69 Modelling Cognitive Development............................................................................................................ 70 Social-Emotional Well-Being ................................................................................................................... 73 Physical Well-Being .................................................................................................................................. 75 The Role of Mother's Education................................................................................................................ 76 Conclusions................................................................................................................................................ 79
8| Conclusions and Policy Implications ..............................................80
Findings..................................................................................................................................................... 80 Key Patterns and Policy Implications........................................................................................................ 85
References.................................................................................................................................................. 90
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