Biochemistry 11 Inquiry



Name:______________________________Pd:_____Date:_______________________WATER AND ITS ROLE IN BIOLOGYWater is in LIQUID form at most temperatures on the Earth’s Surface.Water expands when it freezes, enabling it to float.Water covers ~75% of the Earth’s surface.Most abundant compound in nearly all organismsGreatest SOLVENT in the world Known as the Universal SolventUneven distribution of electrons makes it POLAR :slightly positive at one end and slightly negative at the otherBecause of its POLARITY it has strong attractive forces other polar moleculesCohesive Force- attraction of molecules of the same substance, why some insects can “walk on water”Adhesive Force- attraction of molecules of different substances, this is the force that causes water to rise up in a narrow tube against the force of gravity. This effect is called capillary action. Example: water moving from the ground intoa plants roots and up to the stems and leaves.CHART OF BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF WATER:PROPERTY OF WATERSIGNIFICANCE FOR LIVING ORGANISMSIce is less dense than waterIce floats and also insulates the underlying waterhigh surface tensionWater forms droplets on surfaces and runs offLow viscosityWater flows through very small spaces and capillariesLiquid at room temperatureLiquid medium for aquatic life and inside cellsColourless with a high transmission of visible lightLight penetrates tissue and aquatic environmentsStrong cohesive properties and high tensile strengthWater can be lifted and does not pull apart easilyMany substances can dissolve in water (known as the universal solvent)Medium for the chemical reactions of life (metabolism) water is the main transport mediumIn organismsSignificant amounts of energy are required before water will change its state Contents of cells are unlikely to freezeIn order for water to evaporate it must absorb a large amount of energyHeat is lost by evaporation of water. Sweating and transpiration causes rapid coolingWater can absorb a lot of energy for only a small rise in temperatureAquatic environments are thermally stable. Organisms have stable internal temperatures when the external temperature is fluctuating.Questions:In the space below, draw a water molecule indicating its polarity.With respect to aquatic ecosystems, explain the likely biological consequences if ice was DENSER than liquid water:For each example, state the property of water and explain its biological importanceClarity of seawaterWater travelling up xylem tissue in plantsTransport of glucose around the human bodyCreate a concept map on the properties of water. Include the following terms: hydrogen bonds, polarity, cohesion, adhesion, capillary action, solvent, solute, hydrophobic, and hydrophilicName:______________________________Pd:_____Date:_______________________WATER AND ITS ROLE IN BIOLOGYWater is in ___________ form at most temperatures on the Earth’s Surface.Water ________________ when it freezes, enabling it to ______________.Water covers _________ of the Earth’s surface.Most abundant __________________ in nearly all organismsGreatest SOLVENT in the world Known as the ___________________________________Uneven distribution of electrons makes it _________________:slightly positive at one end and slightly negative at the otherBecause of its POLARITY it has strong attractive forces other ________________________________________- attraction of molecules of the same substance, why some insects can “walk on water”________________________- attraction of molecules of different substances, this is the force that causes water to rise up in a narrow tube against the force of gravity. This effect is called capillary action. Example: water moving from the ground intoa plants roots and up to the stems and leaves.CHART OF BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF WATER:PROPERTY OF WATERSIGNIFICANCE FOR LIVING ORGANISMSIce is less dense than waterhigh surface tensionLow viscosityLiquid at room temperatureColourless with a high transmission of visible lightStrong cohesive properties and high tensile strengthMany substances can dissolve in water (known as the universal solvent)Significant amounts of energy are required before water will change its state In order for water to evaporate it must absorb a large amount of energyWater can absorb a lot of energy for only a small rise in temperatureQuestions:In the space below, draw a water molecule indicating its polarity.With respect to aquatic ecosystems, explain the likely biological consequences if ice was DENSER than liquid water:For each example, state the property of water and explain its biological importanceClarity of seawaterWater travelling up xylem tissue in plantsTransport of glucose around the human bodyCreate a concept map on the properties of water. Include the following terms: hydrogen bonds, polarity, cohesion, adhesion, capillary action, solvent, solute, hydrophobic, and hydrophilic ................
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