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Unit 5 Review: MomentumDirections: Define the following terms in your own words.Momentum:Velocity:Inertia:Impulse:Kinetic Energy:Perfectly Inelastic Collisions:Elastic Collisions:Inelastic Collisions:Part 1: Momentum & ImpulseDescribe the relationship between mass and velocity. In your opinion, which variable is easier to control? Explain.Predict how a truck with a large amount of mass can reduce its momentum. Justify your answer.The speed of a particle is doubledBy what factor is its momentum changed?What happens to its kinetic energy?A pitcher claims he can throw a 0.145 kg baseball with as much momentum as a speeding bullet. Assume that a 3.00 g bullet moves at a speed of 1.50 x 103 m/s.What must the baseball’s speed be if the pitcher’s claim is valid?’Which has greater kinetic energy, the ball or the bullet?A 0.42 kg soccer ball is moving downfield with a velocity of 12 m/s. A player kicks the ball so that it has a final velocity of 18 m/s downfield. What is the change in the ball’s momentum?Find the constant force exerted by the player’s foot on the ball if the two are in contact for 0.020 s.When a force is exerted on an object, does a large force always produce a larger change in the object’s momentum than a smaller force does? Explain.What is the relationship between impulse and momentum?Part 2: Conservation of MomentumIf a reckless ice skater collides with another skater who is standing on the ice, is it possible for both skaters to be at rest after the collision?A spacecraft undergoes a change in velocity when its rockets are fired. How does the spacecraft change velocity in empty space, where there in nothing for the gases emitted by the rockets to push against?A 44 kg student on in-line skates is playing with a 22 kg exercise ball. Disregarding friction, explain what happens during the following situations (you will need to do some math).The student is holding the ball, and both are at rest. The student then throws the ball horizontally, causing the student to glide back at 3.5 m/s.Explain what happens to the ball in part (a) in terms of the momentum of the student and the momentum of the ball.The student is initially at rest. The student then catches the ball, which is initially moving to the right at 4.6 m/s.Explain what happens in part (c) in terms of the momentum of the student and the momentum of the ball.A boy stands at one end of a floating raft that is stationary relative to the shore. He then walks in a straight line to the opposite end of the raft, away from the shore.Does the raft move? Explain.What is the total momentum of the boy and the raft before the boy walks across the raft?What is the total momentum of the boy and the rat after the boy walks across the raft?High-speed stroboscopic photographs show the head of a 215 g golf club traveling at 55.0 m/s just before it strikes a 46 g gold ball at rest on a tee. After the collision, the club travels (in the same direction) at 42.0 m/s. Use the law of conservation of momentum to find the speed of the gold ball just after impact. Part 3: CollisionsDirections: Describe each of the scenario’s below as “Perfectly Inelastic,” “Elastic,” both, or neither.ScenarioPerfectly Inelastic, Elastic, both, or neitherObjects stick togetherObjects bounce off each otherObjects have the same final velocityMomentum is conservedKinetic Energy is conservedKinetic Energy decreasesKinetic Energy increasesDirections: Fill in the chart below to organized the information you know about the following collisions. Type of CollisionDiagramWhat Happens?What is Conserved? Perfectly InelasticElasticInelastic (real-world)Give two examples of elastic collisions and two examples of perfectly inelastic collisions.A 9.50 kg fullback moving south with a speed of 5.0 m/s has a perfectly inelastic collision with a 90.0 kg opponent running north at 3.0 m/s. Calculate the velocity of the players just after the tackle.Two 0.40 kg soccer balls collide elastically in a head-on collision. The first ball starts at rest, and the second ball has a speed of 3.5 m/s. After the collision, the second ball is at rest. What is the final speed of the first ball?If two automobiles collide, they usually do not stick together. Does this mean the collision is elastic?A rubber ball collides elastically with the sidewalk.Does each object have the same kinetic energy after the collision as it had before the collision? Explain.Does each object have the same momentum after the collision as it had before the collision? Explain. ................
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