Lecture 5: Input-Output Models - USP
Lecture 5: Input-Output Models
Prof. Eduardo A. Haddad and Prof. Joaquim J. D. Guilhoto
Input-output analysis
Idea developed by Wassily Leontief (awarded Nobel Prize in Economics in 1973) Employed in all countries ? no matter what their political sentiments Part of National Income and Product Accounts Extend ideas of the economic base model by disaggregating production into a set of sectors Can be extended to explore issues of income distribution, tax policy, development strategies etc.
2
Input-output analysis
Imagine a region with m firms, producing a whole array of goods and services from agriculture, food processing, manufacturing, personal and business services and government.
Firms are assigned to n broad sectors based on their principal product.
The number of sectors, n, ranges from 50 to several hundred and the allocation conforms to the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC).
For this presentation, only two sectors will be shown to facilitate the analysis and to avoid getting bogged down in details.
3
Input-output flows
Output
Capital
Final Demand Households Exports
Government
Are Supplied to: Domestic Goods
Are demanded from:
Domestic Inputs
Labor
Capital
Primary Inputs
Land
Imported Goods
Imported Inputs
4
Input-output table
The Input-Output Matrix Demanda Final
Produ??o SectorFi orma??o corrente de capital
ConsumSoFecitnorajl das fam?lias
Exporta??es
ExGportos verno e out. GHoovuesrenhmoleddnstemandas
Investments
Buyng Sectors
Stocks
Sector i
Selling Sectors
S?o ofertados para: Intermediate CoPnrosduumtopstiodnom?sticos
Sector j S?o demandantes de:
FinParol dutos Total Deimmapnodrtados Outp.
InImspourtsmos dom?sticos
Comp. Emp. GOS
Imports TrabSalahloes TaxCeaspital
Terra
ValueIAnsdudmedos prim?rios
Total Output
Imports Insumos
SaleismTpaoxretasdos
Selling Buying
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