Data and Probability



8th grade Math

Georgia CRCT

Practice Study Guide

|Packet # 4 |

|GPS Domain |Data Analysis & Probability |

( 24 Questions )

Name: ___________________________________________

Teacher: ____________________________ Period: _____

Completion score: _________________

* Show WORK on every problem *

“Answers Only” will NOT be accepted!!!

Counting Principle continued…

How many outfits?: 5 prs. Jeans, 7 shirts, and 4 prs. of shoes; 5 x 7 x 4 = 140 outfits

How many license plates with 2 digits and 1 letter?: 10 x 10 x 26 = 2600 license plates

Compound Probability continued…

P(heads, prime number) after flipping a coin and rolling a 6-sided number cube? = ½ ( ½ = ¼

P( prime number or an even number)? = 2,3,4,5,6 = 5/6

P( rolling a multiple of 3, then 1)? = [pic] ( [pic] = [pic]

|Key Idea |Set |Subset |Element |Intersection |Union |Complement |

|Information |A collection |When all the elements of a set |The individual objects in a set. |A set of elements that 2 or more sets|All of the elements from 2 or more |A set of elements that are NOT in a|

| |of elements or|are also elements of another | |have in common. |sets. |given set. |

| |items. |set. |Example: | | | |

| | | |1[pic]A |Example: |Example: |A΄ Ac [pic] |

| | |Example: | |X[pic]Y[pic]Z = {4} |A[pic]B = {8, 9, 16, 23, 24} | |

| | |Q[pic]R |7[pic]A | | |Example: |

| | |{-3, -5}[pic]T |2[pic]A | | |(A[pic]B)΄ = {7} |

|Memory Clue | |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |

| |{ } | | | | | |

Data Analysis and Probability

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1. An experiment consists of spinning the spinner shown. All outcomes are equally likely. What is the probability that the spinner will land on 3? Express your answer as a fraction in simplest form.

[pic]

|a. |[pic] |c. |[pic] |

|b. |[pic] |d. |[pic] |

2. The ages of dogs and cats at an animal shelter are shown. Make a Venn diagram to show the number of animals that are dogs and are over 8 years old.

|Species |dog |cat |dog |cat |dog |cat |

|Age |8 |9 |9 |5 |12 |13 |

|Species |dog |cat |dog |dog |dog |cat |

|Age |9 |6 |8 |11 |5 |2 |

|a. |[pic] |c. |[pic] |

|b. |[pic] |d. |[pic] |

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3. How many eighth graders play soccer but NOT basketball?

|A. |4 |C. |11 |

|B. |8 |D. |23 |

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4. Two coins are tossed at the same time. What is the probability they both land on tails?

|a. |[pic] |c. |[pic] |

|b. |[pic] |d. |[pic] |

1.

2.

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5. In Mr. Montgomery’s class, there are 8 boys and 12 girls. If Mr. Montgomery selects one student from his class at random, what is the probability that the student will be a girl?

|a. |[pic] |c. |[pic] |

|b. |[pic] |d. |[pic] |

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6. These are the sides of a number cube used in a game.

[pic]

Sam will win the game he is playing if he gets a number less than 3 the next time he rolls the number cube. What is the probability that Sam will win the game on his next roll?

|a. |[pic] |c. |[pic] |

|b. |[pic] |d. |[pic] |

7. Find R ( S for the sets R and S listed below.

R = {8, 11, 14, 17, 20}

S = {2, 4, 8, 64}

|a. |( |c. |{2, 4, 8, 14, 20, 64} |

|b. |{8} |d. |{2, 4, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 64} |

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8. In a bag of candies there are 13 red candies, 13 green candies, 13 yellow candies, and 13 blue candies. If you choose one candy from the bag, what is the probability the candy will not be blue?

|a. |[pic] |c. |[pic] |

|b. |[pic] |d. |[pic] |

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9. What is the probability of rolling an even number with a number cube?

|a. |[pic] |c. |[pic] |

|b. |[pic] |d. |[pic] |

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10. At a wedding reception, guests can choose from among 2 different entrées, 5 different side dishes, and 3 different desserts. How many different meals are possible?

|A. |10 |C. |30 |

|B. |15 |D. |40 |

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11. Which equation represents a line of best fit for the data on the graph?

[pic]

|a. |y = 4x |c. |y = 2x – 1 |

|b. |y = 3x + 1 |d. |y = x – 1 |

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12. Consider the Venn diagram. Which of the following correctly shows all of the elements of [pic]?

[pic]

|a. |{1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 11} |c. |{3, 8} |

|b. |{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9} |d. |{7} |

13. Plot the data and find a line of best fit.

|x |3 |6 |5 |2 |7 |4 |8 |1 |

|y |–0.5 |1.5 |2.5 |–0.5 |1.5 |1.5 |4 |0 |

|A. |[pic] |C. |[pic] |

| |[pic] | |[pic] |

|B. |[pic] |D. |[pic] |

| |[pic] | |[pic] |

14. Consider the Venn diagram in which x is an integer. Which of the following correctly shows all of the elements of [pic]?

[pic]

|a. |{0} |c. |{0, 1, 2, 3, 4} |

|b. |{–5, –4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4} |d. |{1, 2, 3, 4} |

Use the sets below to answer questions 15 and 16.

Set A = {1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8}

Set B = {2, 4, 6, 8}

Set C = {1, 3, 5, 7}

Set D = {1, 2, 3}

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15. Which is the complete list of elements for [pic]?

|a. |{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8} |c. |{1, 3} |

|b. |{2, 4, 5, 7, 8} |d. |Ø |

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16. Which is the complete list of elements for [pic]?

|a. |{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} |c. |{1, 3, 5, 7} |

|b. |{2, 4, 6, 8} |d. |{2} |

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17. Which is an example of a pair of independent events.

|a. |picking out a marble from a jar and getting another |c. |getting three gumballs from the gumball machine |

| |without replacing the first marble | | |

|b. |pulling two cards from a deck without replacement |d. |tossing a die twice |

18. In which situations do you calculate outcomes with the counting principle using addition and multiplication?

|A |“and” for multiplication “or” for addition |C |“with” for multiplication “then” for addition |

|B |“of” for multiplication “with” for addition |D |“or” for multiplication “and” for addition |

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19. How can you determine if a game is fair? Choose the best answer.

|A |If the game has a dependent setting |C |If the rules are the same for all players |

|B |If all players are independent |D |If all outcomes are equally likely |

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20. A box contains 6 red marbles, 4 blue marbles, and 8 yellow marbles. What is the

P(yellow, then red) if a marble is selected and replaced, and then a second marble is selected?

|A |[pic] |C |[pic] |

|B |[pic] |D |[pic] |

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21. Find the number of possible outcomes if you had a choice of 7 cars and 10 color choices.

|A |70 |C |35 |

|B |17 |D |77 |

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22. If A and B are independent events such that P(A)=0.14 and P(B)=0.28, what is the probability that both A and B will occur?

|A |0.0392 |C |0.0784 |

|B |0.24 |D |0.42 |

23. If A and B are independent events such that P(A)=0.35 and P(B)=0.40, what is the P(A or B)?

|A |0.5 |C |0.875 |

|B |0.14 |D |0.75 |

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24. The advertisement appears in the window of Cameron’s favorite pizzeria. How many combinations of one hot food, one cold food, and one drink are possible for the lunch special?

[pic]

|a. |8 |c. |18 |

|b. |12 |d. |27 |

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