I INTRODUCTION - University of KwaZulu-Natal



UKZN SCHOOL OF LAW:GUIDE TO RESEARCH PROJECT STYLEI INTRODUCTIONUKZN Law School follows the style of the South African Law Journal. Study the style of articles in the South African Law Journal in detail. It is not repeated in this document. This document only strives to supplement it. The official SALJ style guide can be found at: . The only rider to the general rule is that MPhil students within the School of Law can follow APA or Harvard style. II STRUCTURE OF A PROJECTA project (a thesis, dissertation, or research proposal) is divided into sequential sections in the following manner: (a)A title page Please see the example attached. The explanatory sentence has the following standard forms:For research proposals (only applicable to PhD and Research LLM students): ‘This research proposal is submitted in pursuance of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy [or Master of Laws]’.For final submission of a PhD thesis: ‘This thesis is submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy’.For final submission of a Research LLM dissertation: ‘This dissertation is submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Laws’.For final submission of a Coursework LLM mini-dissertation: ‘This mini-dissertation is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Laws in Business Law [or whichever specialisation]’. (b) A signed statement of originality (Not applicable to a research proposal)Please see the example attached.(c) An abstract (Not applicable to a research proposal)The abstract is a summary of your project so that the reader has a snapshot of what is to follow (~150–500 words). Note that an abstract is not an introduction. An abstract must summarise your project, which must include a summary of your main conclusions. (d) Acknowledgments (Not applicable to a research proposal)Data sources that were specifically made available for you, helpful persons - even your supervisor! (e) A table of contents The table of contents must include page references to chapters, first level headings, appendices, and the bibliography.(f) Separate lists of abbreviations, tables, figures, etc Tables of abbreviations, tables, figures, etc can be included where relevant.(h) Main body of project The main body of the project should be sub-divided into chapters. Start each chapter on a new page.(i) BibliographyThere are three parts to a bibliography in law: a separate table of cases and a separate table of statutes referred to in the project. Cases and statutes should be in alphabetical order and presented by country. International instruments can be presented separately. A table of secondary sources (these can be separated by type of source) in alphabetical order by surname: books and articles, reports, website entries etc cited in the project. The bibliography must always start on a new page separate from the text. The bibliography items should be in alphabetical order, with a left indent of 1 inch (2.5 cm). There are two main differences between footnotes and the bibliography: First, whereas in the footnotes, secondary source authors’ names are stated with given name(s) first followed by surname (eg Freddy Mnyongani, Adrian Bellengère & Donrich Thaldar), in the bibliography the first author’s surname and given name(s) are swopped around to allow for alphabetical ordering based on first author surnames (eg Mnyongani, Freddy, Adrian Bellengère & Donrich Thaldar). Note that the rest of the authors’ names remain in the format given name(s) followed by surname. The second main difference between a footnote reference and a bibliography reference is that while the place of publication and the publisher are not provided in the footnote, these details, if available, are also given, at least for books and other monographs. In the footnote (in 10 point font size):Jonathan Klaaren & Glenn Penfold ‘Just administrative action’ in S Woolman, T Roux & M Bishop (eds) Constitutional Law of South Africa 2nd ed (2002) 63. In the bibliography (in 12 point font size, with a left indent of 1 inch (2.5 cm)):Klaaren, Jonathan & Glenn Penfold ‘Just administrative action’ in S Woolman, T Roux & M Bishop (eds) Constitutional Law of South Africa 2nd ed (2002) 63 Juta, Cape Town.In the bibliography, online articles that are in pdf-format can be treated like print items with no need to give a URL. If the journal is a fully online journal, eg Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, that has no page numbers for articles, provide the URL or DOI number. (j)AppendicesWhere relevant, appendices are placed after the bibliography. Depending on the nature of the appendices, they can each have their own numbering, or use continued numbering from the main body. III FORMATTING(a)Numbering pagesThe main title page is not numbered. The pages before the main body are numbered using Roman numerals eg i, ii, iii etc. The main body of the project uses Arabic numbering eg 1, 2, 3. Page numbers should be in the bottom right corner. (b)Chapter titlesA chapter title must be in caps, italics, right-aligned and 16 font size. The first line must read ‘CHAPTER 1’ (or the relevant number) and be in bold, followed after a line break by the chapter’s title not in bold. (c)Headings within a chapter Regarding the style of heading levels, each chapter in a project should be dealt with as an article from the perspective of the SALJ style guide. (Not applicable to a research proposal; a research proposal should be dealt with as an article from the perspective of the SALJ style guide, except that the research proposal’s title is on its title page, not on top of the first page of the body.)Headings must not be in bold, except for the project title on the title page, and the first line of a chapter heading. Headings must have a 1 inch (2.5 cm) hanging indent. First level headings must have an 18 point paragraph spacing before and a 0 point paragraph spacing after. Second and third level headings must have a 12 point paragraph spacing before and a 0 point paragraph spacing after. Headings must have the pagination setting ‘keep with next’. A maximum of three levels of headings is allowed.(d)ParagraphsParagraphs, except the first paragraph after a heading, must have a 1 inch (2.5 cm) first line indent. Paragraphs must have 6 point paragraph spacing before and after.(e) Line breaksDouble line breaks are not allowed. In other words, only press ‘enter’ once after the end of a paragraph, headings, etc. The line spacing settings between paragraphs, etc, will ensure a readable presentation. IVSTYLE(a) Abbreviating the names of courts The first time that ‘Constitutional Court’ is referred to in the text, the abbreviation ‘CC’ must be stated in brackets and single quotation marks after ‘Constitutional Court’; thereafter, only the abbreviation ‘CC’ is used (without quotation marks, of course). The same applies to the Supreme Court of Appeal (‘SCA’).(b)Case citationsWhen citing a case, do not include ‘and another’ or ‘and others’. Intervenors and amici curiae are not mentioned in the case citation. Students are encouraged to use the neutral case citation (where available) in addition to the traditional law report citation (where available). The order should be neutral citation, followed by one (no more!) law report citation. The two citations must be separated by a comma, not a semicolon. (c)HyperlinksThere may be no hyperlinks in the project. Students should take care to remove hyperlinks from any text that they may paste into their projects. Also, some word processors are set to automatically make certain text hyperlinks, for instance when one types a URL. Again, students should take care to remove such hyperlinks from the text. This is also relevant to footnotes and the bibliography. UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATALSCHOOL OF LAW, HOWARD COLLEGEAccess to health care in the age of CRISPR-Cas9: An analysis of the legal regulation of human genetic editing in the context of the TB epidemic in South AfricaTamanda Agatha Kamwendo216071885This research proposal is submitted in pursuance of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Laws Supervisor: Dr DW Thaldar2019Declaration regarding originality I, ……………..declare that:The research reported in this dissertation, except where otherwise indicated, is my original research.This dissertation has not been submitted for any degree or examination at any other university.This dissertation does not contain other persons’ data, pictures, graphs or other information, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other persons.This dissertation does not contain other persons’ writing, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other researchers. Where other written sources have been quoted, then:their words have been re-written, but the general information attributed to them has been referenced;where their exact words have been used, their writing has been placed inside quotation marks, and referenced.Where I have reproduced a publication of which I am an author, co-author or editor, I have indicated in detail which part of the publication was written by myself alone and have fully referenced such publications.This dissertation does not contain text, graphics or tables copied and pasted from the Internet, unless specifically acknowledged, and the sources being detailed in the dissertation/thesis and in the References sections.Signed:Date: ................
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