Define The Following



Define The Following

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Chapter 6

1. What factors led to the industrial boom of the late 19th century?

2. What inventions helped spawn changes in American lifestyles from 1860-1910?

3. How did these inventions change American lifestyles?

4. How did railroad expansion change the United States?

5. What actions did the government take to curb the power of industrial monopolies and trusts?

6. How did industrialists like Rockefeller and Carnegie become so wealthy?

7. What is a Trust? Monopoly? Holding Company? How did each work?

8. What is the theory of Social Darwinism based upon?

9. How did the wealthy industrialists justify their wealth? What did they do to offset public criticism?

10. Describe working conditions in factories. What were they like?

11. What efforts did workers take to improve their situations?

12. What steps did the labor movement take to improve the lives of workers? Why did they ultimately fail?

Chapter 7

1. What are the reasons people immigrated to the United States in the period 1870-1900?

2. What challenges did newly arrived immigrants face?

3. How did Nativists view immigration? What problems did they associate with immigrants?

4. In what ways did immigrants deal with culture shock?

5. Why did many immigrants choose to live in cities?

6. Why did people move from the rural areas of the United States to the cities from 1870-1900?

7. Why did African Americans migrate from the South to the cities of the North?

8. What are some of the problems city governments faced because of rapid urban growth? How were they solved?

9. Describe the unsanitary conditions of the cities before 1900.

10. Who were the first social reformers? (Characteristics) What did social reformers hope to accomplish?

11. How did settlement houses help the poor? What services did they offer?

12. How did party machine politics work in big cities?

13. How did immigration affect big city politics?

14. In what ways were political machines corrupt?

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Industrialization Credit Mobilier Bessemer Process

Interstate Commerce Act Sherman Anti-Trust Act Thomas Edison

John D. Rockefeller Andrew Carnegie Monopoly

Trust Holding Company Philanthropy

Strike Labor Unions Vertical Consolidation Horizontal Consolidation Laissez Faire Gospel of Wealth

Social Darwinism Homestead Strike Haymarket Affair

Knights of Labor Socialism Collective Bargaining

Ellis Island/Angel Island Culture Shock Melting Pot

Chinese Exclusion Act Americanization Jane Addams

Political Machine Political Boss William “Boss” Tweed Tammany Hall Urbanization Social Gospel Movement

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