I.Introduction - Loudoun County Public Schools



Name:_______________ Stearns Chapter 10I.IntroductionWhat gains were made in Western Europe as a result of expanded trading? What were the views of Thomas Aquinas? II.Stages of Postclassical DevelopmentWhat caused the fragmentation of Italy?A.The Manorial System: Obligation and AllegiancesExplain the difference between slaves and serfs. B.The Church: Political and Spiritual PowerWhat was the Pope’s role in the Catholic church? What was monastery life like and how did monasteries contribute to medieval society. C.Charlemagne and His SuccessorsWhere did Charlemagne establish his empire? Why is the term “Holy Roman Emperor” a misleading one? D.New Economic and Urban VigorWhat inventions made life easier for the serfs? Why did Viking invasions begin to taper off during the 10th century? E.Feudal Monarchies and Political AdvancesExplain how a feudal monarchy works. How did a feudal monarchy benefit the king and others in power? F.Limited GovernmentWhat are three ways in which the power of kings and aristocrats was limited under feudalism? G.The West’s Expansionist ImpulseExplain two factors that led to growing expansionist impulses? How did the Crusades influence development in Europe? H.Religious Reform and EvolutionWhat was wrong with the Catholic church?Describe Franciscan values? How did they seek reform in the Catholic church? How did Pope Gregory try to reform the church? I.The High Middle AgesDescribe this period in medieval history. III.Western Culture in the Postclassical EraA.Theology: Assimilating Faith and ReasonContrast the views of Peter Abelard and Bernard of Clairvaux regarding faith and logic/reason.How did Thomas Aquinas explain the roles of faith and reason? B.Popular ReligionWhy did ordinary people tend to venerate (worship) saints? C.Religious Themes in Art and LiteratureDescribe some of the achievements in architecture during this period. What were some of the literary themes present in medieval writing? IV.Changing Economic and Social Forms in the Postclassical CenturiesA.New Strains in Rural LifeWhat led to tension between peasants and lords? B.Growth of Trade and BankingWhy was banking introduced? The growth of banking and trade led to the origins of what economic system? C.Limited Sphere for WomenDescribe the role of the women in medieval society. V.The Decline of the Medieval SynthesisHow did the Hundred Year’s War signal the breakdown of feudalism? How did the Black Death contribute to the breakdown of medieval Europe? A.Signs of StrainWhat new technologies were changing warfare? What happened to church power in the 14th century? Explain the reasons for this change. B.The Postclassical West and Its HeritageShould the Middle Ages be viewed as a period of achievement or as a “lull, between the glories of Rome and the glitter of a more modern Europe”(pg 235)? Support your answer. VI.Terms – Define the following terms in complete sentences.VikingsManorialismThree-field systemClovisCharlemagneFeudalismMagna CartaHundred Years’ War Pope Urban IIBlack Death ................
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