Unit I – The Settlement and Making of American Society



Period 8 – World War II and The Cold War

APUSH - Steiker

Questions to Consider

▪ To what extent was the United States neutral before the bombing of Pearl Harbor?

▪ Why did the Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor?

▪ How were American women’s lives changed by World War II?

▪ To what extent were Japanese internment during World War II justified?

▪ How did the Allies win the war?

▪ To what extent did the dropping of the atomic bomb on both Hiroshima and Nagasaki bring an end to the war

▪ in the Pacific?

▪ How did a meeting at Yalta shape the post-war world?

▪ Why did the United States help found the United Nations?

▪ What events shaped the beginning of the Cold War?

▪ How did the citizens of the United States and the Soviet Union view each other?

▪ How do communist dictatorships differ from capitalistic democracies?

▪ How did American respond to the Cold War?

▪ How do the Korean and Vietnam Wars compare?

▪ How did fear of the domino theory affect American foreign policy in Southeast Asia?

▪ How did the response at home shape the outcome of the Vietnam War?

▪ Why was the Cuban Missile Crisis considered the greatest threat to global was since the end of WWII?

▪ How did détente change the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union?

▪ Why did Nixon visit China?

▪ How did the U.S. respond to political changes in Latin America?

▪ How did the policies of perestroika and glasnost affect the relationship between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.?

▪ How has the U.S. responded to the New World Order?

Key Terms

|arms race |Korematsu v. United States |War Powers Act |

|Atlantic Charter |Lend-Lease |Yalta |

|Axis Powers |Loyalty Review Board |Significant Individuals |

|Bay of Pigs |Marshall Plan |Leonid Breshnev |

|Berlin Airlift |McCarran-Walter Act |Winston Churchill |

|Berlin Wall |McCarthyism |Mikhail Gorbachev |

|blitzkrieg |Midway |Emperor Hirohito |

|bomb shelter |Nagasaki |Alger Hiss |

|Collective Security |NATO |Adolf Hitler |

|communism |Neutrality Acts |Nikita Khrushchev |

|containment |Normandy |Henry Kissinger |

|Contras |Potsdam |Douglas MacArthur |

|détente |ration books |George Marshall |

|Dien Bien Phu |Red Scare |Joseph McCarthy |

|domino theory |Rosie the Riveter |Benito Mussolini |

|duck and cover |Sandinistas |Franklin Delano Roosevelt |

|Eisenhower Doctrine |SEATO |Ethel and Julius Rosenberg |

|fascism |Space race |Joseph Stalin |

|Gulf of Tonkin Resolution |Sputnik |Mao Zedong |

|Hiroshima |Stalingrad |Cold War Presidents |

|House on Un-American Activities |Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty |Harry S. Truman |

|Committee (HUAC) |(SALT I & SALT II) |Dwight D. Eisenhower |

|Interstate Highway System |Truman Doctrine |John F. Kennedy |

|internationalism |Tet Offensive |Lyndon B. Johnson |

|internment camps |U-2 |Richard M. Nixon |

|isolationism |United Nations |Gerald R. Ford |

|Korean War |Vietnam War |James (Jimmy) E. Carter |

| | |Ronald W. Reagan |

Truman

|Foreign: Atomic diplomacy, containment, Truman Doctrine, communist satellites, Iron Curtain, relations with the USSR including Potsdam, Marshall Plan, Berlin |

|Blockade, Berlin Airlift, NATO, relations with China, Korean War including the firing of General MacArthur, National Security Act, U.S. Japanese Security Treaty|

| |

|Domestic: Congressional relationship, Serviceman’s Readjustment Act, baby boom, Sunbelt, Employment Act 1946, Committee on Civil Rights, integration of the |

|Armed Forces, Taft-Hartley Act, Fair Deal, Red Scare, Progressive Party, Dixiecrats, Red Scare, McCarran Internal Security Act, HUAC, McCarthyism |

Eisenhower

|Domestic: Republicanism, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Highway Act, Interstate Highway System, economic prosperity, Central High School, National|

|Defense Education Act |

| |

|Foreign: military industrial complex, brinkmanship, Eisenhower Doctrine, massive retaliation, covert action, COINTELPRO, Relations with the USSR, Hungarian |

|Revolution, Korea, SEATO, Indochina; Suez Canal Crisis, U2 incident |

Kennedy

|Domestic: New Frontier, Alliance for Progress, Trade Expansion Act, Commission on Status of Act, Immigration Initiative, Women, Equal Opportunity Commission, |

|Equal Pay Act |

| |

|Foreign: Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis, Peace Corps, relations with USSR including Summit, Berlin Crisis, nuclear test ban, |

Johnson:

|Domestic: Great Society Legislation (Medicare/Medicaid, Elementary and Secondary Education Act, immigration, National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities,|

|Department of Transportation, Department of Housing and Urban Development), The Other America, Warren Court, Silent Spring |

| |

|Foreign: Latin America, Middle East Vietnam (the full Chronology from December 1962 – January 1969 |

| |

|Warren Court |

|Mapp v. Ohio; Baker v. Carr; Engel v. Vitale; Gideon v. Wainwright; Escobedo v. Illinois; Tinker v. Des Moines; Miranda v. Arizona; Roe v. Wade; University of |

|California v. Bakke; New Jersey v. T.L.O |

Considerations for Johnson: Counter Culture Movement

Anti-establishmentarianism; feminism; double standard; Betty Friedan; "Tune in, turn on, drop out" ; Acid Tests (Ken Kesey); Antiwar Movement; Commune; Co-op (Cooperative business); Counterculture; Diggers Group; Environmental Defense Fund; Equal Rights Amendment; Free Love; Students for a Democratic Society; Free Speech Movement; Gay Liberation Movement; Hippies; N.O.W; Woodstock; Yippies; Kent State Protest

Nixon

|Domestic: price and wage freeze, stagflation, New Federalism, Nixon Shock, Breton Woods, southern strategy, Clean Air Act, Indian Self-Determination Act, |

|Environmental Protection Agency, Clean Water Act, Environmental Superfund, ERA amendment passes, Roe v. Wade, Silent Majority, Watergate, The Tapes, |

|Impeachment, War Powers Act |

| |

|Foreign: détente, Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, Relations with China, the USSR (reach back to Vice Presidency – Kitchen debate), October War and Oil Crisis –|

|OPEC, oil embargo, Nixon Doctrine, Vietnam, Cambodia, Kent State, Khmer Rouge, Laos, Pentagon Papers, Vietnamization, Paris Accords, Mai Lai, (take it to the |

|end of the War) |

Ford

|Domestic: WIN buttons, conservatism, bicentennial celebration, pardon of Nixon |

| |

|Foreign: Mayaguez, fall of Saigon, USSR including Helsinki Accords, CIA investigations |

Carter

|Domestic: stagflation/inflation, energy, education, superfund, deregulation, “national malaise” |

| |

|Foreign: Human Rights Diplomacy, Panama, Middle East, Oil Crisis, Camp David Accords, Iranian hostage crisis, SALT II, policies against Soviets in Afghanistan |

|(embargo, boycott of Olympics) |

Reagan

|Domestic: supply side economics, deregulation, neo-conservatism, religious fundamentalism, political action committees (PACs), Moral Majority, Professional Air |

|Traffic Controllers Association, Reaganomics, |

| |

|Foreign: military buildup –Strategic Defense Initiative, Relations with USSR including disarmament proposals, the Middle East, Central America, Grenada, |

|Iran-Contra, Intermediate Nuclear Force Agreement |

Bush

|Domestic: “Thousand Points of Light” speech, tax policies, “voodoo economics,” Americans with Disabilities Act, 27th Amendment, NAFTA proposal, Clarence Thomas |

|nomination, failed Savings and Loan, Immigration Act 1990 |

| |

|Foreign: Relations with China (Tiananmen Square), Soviet Breakup, Panama Invasion, Persian Gulf War |

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