Fighting poverty and unemployment with efficient fish ...
Efficient Production of Tilapia: a panacea for alleviation of nutritional poverty In Nigeria
By
S O OJO* and O A Fagbenro
*Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension,
Aquaculture Unit, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife
Federal University of Technology, PMB 704,
Akure, Nigeria.
*e-mail: drojoso@
*Telephone numbers: +2348035027301, +2348081099793
Abstract
In Nigeria there is worsening nutritional deficiency, which is manifesting in widespread hunger and malnutrition due to the inability of the county’s food production rate of 2.5% to meet the food demand rate of 3.5% in the face of the ever rising population rate of 2.83%, despite all efforts of past agricultural policies to fight food insecurity. Tilapias contribute significantly to African in-water fisheries and are very good candidates for aquaculture development because tilapias have good adaptive food habit, flexibility in growth rate, highly productive with good parental care and would survive under intolerable a-biotic factors. Therefore an efficient tilapia production would be a panacea for alleviation of nutritional poverty in Nigeria. For the study, data from 100 fish farmers selected using multistage sampling technique were analysed using budgetary and stochastic frontier production and cost functions to examine the profitability, productivity and efficiencies (technical, allocative and economic) of fish farming enterprise in Nigeria.
Results revealed that tilapia and catfish were the major species grown using surface concrete tanks with spring water. Average fish output of 12800kg with net-profit of N128.63/kg showed fish farming was profitable. Productive resources were efficiently utilized while overall production was in the economic efficient stage as shown by the return to scale of 0.243. Fish production’s technical, allocative and economic efficiencies varied significantly with average being 0.866, 0.894 and 0.773 respectively. The efficiency analyses showed significant levels of inefficiencies which if well harnessed could lead to increased production in the fish farming sector and thus alleviate the nutritional poverty problem in the country.
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