France: Permanent Observer Country
| |
Date of Entry: May 26, 2004
National Day: October 1 (1949)
Capital: Beijing
Type of Government: Socialist state
Head of State: President Xi Jinping (March, 2013)
Minister of Foreign Affairs: Wang Yi (March, 2013)
Permanent Observer: Ambassador Qin Gang (2021)
FOREIGN RELATIONS POLICY:
▪ Chinese foreign policy is based on the promotion of equality, mutual trust, inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutually beneficial cooperation in international relations, as well as carrying out joint efforts to uphold international fairness and justice.
▪ Through its policy, the People’s Republic of China promotes the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence: mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence within an "open, cooperative and win-win" development model with due consideration for both domestic and international situations.
▪ China will maintain a special focus on a mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries by taking a more active posture in international affairs, jointly combating global challenges and striving to make contributions to global development while maintaining multilateral trade systems and participating in global economic governance that promotes a sustainable and balanced growth of the global economy through increased cooperation.
COOPERATION WITH DEVELOPING COUNTRIES:
▪ China promotes relations with developing countries by seeking mutually complementary economic, trade, scientific and technological cooperative channels, strengthening consultation and cooperation on international issues, and jointly safeguarding the rights and interests of developing countries, taking into account the Millennium Development Goals.
INVOLVEMENT WITH THE AMERICAS:
▪ The Department of Latin America of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China implements China's foreign policy and principles. It reports and works on China's bilateral relations with pertinent countries and regions, manages diplomatic contacts with and makes representations to relevant countries and regions, oversees and coordinates policies on and cooperation and exchanges with relevant countries and regions and guides the operation of China's overseas diplomatic missions within its regional jurisdiction. Director for the Latin Department visited the OAS in 2012.
▪ Chinese relations with Latin America have focused primarily on the development of infrastructure projects and expanding its economic support to the region.
CURRENT AGREEMENTS IN AREAS OF COOPERATION WITH OAS:
▪ On December 12, 2014, the OAS and the People’s Republic of China renewed two Memoranda of Understanding signed originally in 2004, one establishing 15 scholarships for higher education at Chinese institutions over a five-year period, and the other renewing China’s commitment to contribute $1.5 million over five years to OAS projects.
FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS 2005-2019:
|YEAR |PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF |P.O. FINANCIAL |% |
| |CHINA |CONTRIBUTIONS | |
|2005 |$196,800.00 |$11,650,039.00 |1.69% |
|2006 |$200,000.00 |$19,060,470.00 |1.05% |
|2007 |$173,000.00 |$20,398,686.00 |0.85% |
|2008 |$262,000.00 |$22,684,500.00 |1.15% |
|2009 |$220,000.00 |$20,318,115.00 |1.08% |
|2010 |$234,390.00 |$15,781,991.00 |1.49% |
|2011 |$180,000.00 |$15,692,757.00 |1.15% |
|2012 |$322,690.00 |$13,239,105.00 |2.44% |
|2013 |$392,850.00 |$16,926,686.00 |2.32% |
|2014 |$358,093.00 |$10,999,882.00 |3.26% |
|2015 |$299,029.00 |$17,489,205.00 |1.71% |
|2016 |$568,788.00 |$14,048,254.00 |4.05% |
|2017 |$445,500.00 | $16,533,473.00 |2.69% |
|2018 |$517,320.00 |$16,135,359.00 |3.2% |
|2019 |$443,675.00 |$21,072,075.00 |2.1% |
|Total US$ | |$252,030,597.00 |1.87% |
| | | | |
| |$4,760,347 | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
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CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA:
|YEAR |PROJECTS |FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS|IN-KIND CONTRIBUTIONS |
| | |IN US$ |IN US$ |
|2005 |Department of Communications and External Relations-Lecture Series of the Americas |$40,000.00 | |
| |Department of Communications and External Relations-Meeting of Government Spokesperson of the Americas|$60,000.00 | |
| |Art Museum of the Americas |$20,000.00 | |
| |Inter-American Children’s Institute (IIN) – Children’s Videogame Project |$25,000.00 | |
| |Inter-American Commission of Women (CIM) – Gender Training Course |$30,000.00 | |
| |Inter-American Convention Against Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms (CIFTA) – |$21,800.00 | |
| |Experts Meeting | | |
| |Office of Education, Science, and Technology (OEST) – Fellowships and Training | |$40,000.00 |
| SUBTOTAL |$196,800.00 |$40,000.00 |
|2006 |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development (SEDI) – Promotion of Trade and Competitiveness |$40,000.00 | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development (SEDI) – Reduction of Natural Disasters |$40,000.00 | |
| |Inter-American Commission on Women (CIM) – Training Course on Gender, Conflict and Peace |$20,000.00 | |
| |Secretariat for Political Affairs (SPA) – Panamá Canal Referendum Electoral Observation Mission |$20,000.00 | |
| |Secretariat for Multidimensional Security (SMS) – Reduction of Violence: Gangs Definition and |$30,000.00 | |
| |Classification | | |
| |Department of External Relations – II Government Spokesperson Meeting |$50,000.00 | |
| |Language & Culture (Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China) | |$5,460.00 |
| SUBTOTAL |$200,000.00 |$5,460.00 |
|2007 |Inter-American Commission on Women (CIM) – Seminar on Violence Against Women |$33,000.00 | |
| |Art Museum of the Americas |$15,000.00 | |
| |Department of International Affairs (DIA) – Model OAS General Assembly |$40,000.00 | |
| |Department of International Affairs (DIA) – Roundtable Series |$7,500.00 | |
| |Department of International Affairs (DIA) - Lecture Series of the Americas |$7,500.00 | |
| |Department of Sustainable Development (DSD) |$22,000.00 | |
| |Department of Electoral Cooperation and Observation (DECO), Electoral Observation Mission in Colombia |$15,000.00 | |
| |Department of Electoral Cooperation and Observation (DECO), Electoral Observation Mission in Jamaica |$3,000.00 | |
| |Department of Electoral Cooperation and Observation (DECO), Electoral Observation Mission in Guatemala|$30,000.00 | |
| SUBTOTAL |$173,000.00 | |
|2008 |Department of International Affairs (DIA) - Lecture Series of the Americas |$20,000.00 | |
| |Department of International Affairs (DIA) – MOAS in the Caribbean |$23,000.00 | |
| |Inter-American Commission on Women (CIM) – Design and Implementation of Web Page for the Follow-up |$15,000.00 | |
| |Mechanism to the Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence | | |
| |Against Women (MESECVI) Inter-American Commission on Women | | |
| |Early Childhood Education in Rural, Indigenous and Border Communities |$50,000.00 | |
| |Department of Sustainable Development (DSD) – Publish a collection of articles entitled “Sustainable |$50,000.00 | |
| |Development of the Caribbean: Contemporary Issues, Challenges and Opportunities” | | |
| |Peace Fund and Peaceful Resolution of Conflicts |$14,000.00 | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development (SEDI) – Regulación de Registros de las Personas |$10,000.00 | |
| |Afectadas por el Conflicto Armado y Ampliación de los Índices de Registros en el Departamento de | | |
| |Huancavelica-Perú | | |
| |Secretariat for External Relations (SER) – Equipment for General Secretariat |$80,000.00 | |
| SUBTOTAL |$262,000.00 |$80,000.00 |
|2009 |Department of International Affairs (DIA) – Lecture Series of the Americas |$20,000.00 | |
| |Orchestra Programs for Youth at Risk in the Caribbean – Music for Social Change (Haiti, Jamaica, St. |$50,000.00 | |
| |Lucia) | | |
| |Peace Fund |$20,000.00 | |
| |Fostering Cultural Diversity and Creative Expression through Education: Sharing Good Practices |$25,000.00 | |
| |Inter-American Commission on Women (CIM) – Gender, Violence, HIV in the Caribbean |$30,000.00 | |
| |Income generation and active employment policies for populations in conditions of poverty and |$47,000.00 | |
| |vulnerability in the Americas | | |
| |Department of Electoral Cooperation and Observation (DECO) – Electoral Mission to Bolivia |$28,000.00 | |
| |Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Human Development - 9 Scholarships | |$89,271.00 |
| |Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Human Development - Seminar for Senior Diplomats | |$9,600.00 |
| |from Latin American Countries – Diplomats Training Programs (2 scholarships) | | |
| |Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Human Development - Professional Program for | |$9,600.00 |
| |Young Diplomats from Caribbean Countries – Diplomats Training Course Programs (2 scholarships) | | |
| SUBTOTAL |$220,000.00 |$108,471.00 |
|2010 |Department of Electoral Cooperation and Observation (DECO) – Electoral Observation Mission Costa Rica |$30,000.00 | |
| |Inter-American Commission on Women (CIM) – Strengthening MESECVI for an appropriate and effective |$30,000.00 | |
| |response to violence against women from a rights-based approach | | |
| |Department of Social Development and Employment (DSDE) – Network-based Capacity Building on Social |$30,000.00 | |
| |Protection Strategies – Phase II | | |
| |Department of Sustainable Development (DSD) – Central America Small Valley’s Flood Alert and |$30,000.00 | |
| |Vulnerability Reduction Program (SVP): Region Platform Development | | |
| |Department of Democratic Sustainability and Special Missions (DSDSM) – Peace Fund |$20,000.00 | |
| |Department of International Affairs (DIA) – Lecture Series of the Americas and Outreach Programs |$30,000.00 | |
| |Department for Effective Public Management (DEPM) – Forum on Public Private Partnerships |$30,000.00 | |
| |Secretariat for External Relations (SER)/Press – Equipment Purchases Main Building – Fiber Optic |$19,390.00 | |
| |Cables | | |
| |Inter-American Children’s Institute (IIN) – Inter-American Program for the Prevention and Eradication |$15,000.00 | |
| |of Commercial Sexual Exploitation, and Smuggling of and Trafficking in Minors (CSEC) | | |
| |Computers | |$10,268.64 |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Human Development, Education and | |$161,972.00 |
| |Culture – China-OAS Scholarships – 6 scholarships | | |
| |Workshop for Caribbean Senior Diplomats – 2 positions | |$9,600.00 |
| |Professional Program for Young Diplomats from Latin American Countries – 2 positions | |$9,600.00 |
| |Secretariat for External Relations / Department of Press – Communications and Press Equipment (2 | |$10,270.00 |
| |Computer CPU; 1 Travel Laptop; 2 High Capacity Laptops; 3 Flat Panel Monitors; 2 LED Televisions) | | |
| SUBTOTAL |$234,390.00 |$201,710.64 |
|2011 |Department of International Affairs (DIA) – Promotion of Democratic Values among the Youth of the |$40,000.00 | |
| |Caribbean through the Organization of the MOAS | | |
| |Department of Sustainable Development (DSD) – Harmonization and Institutionalization of |$35,000.00 | |
| |Community-Centered Methodologies on Risk Identification and Risk Management in the Education Sector in| | |
| |the Central American Isthmus | | |
| |Department of Sustainable Development (DSD) – Proposal for Publication of a Book: Integrated Water |$30,000.00 | |
| |Resources Management: Lessons from the Americas | | |
| |Department of International Affairs (DIA) – Enriching the Hemispheric Debate through the OAS Lecture |$20,000.00 | |
| |Series of the Americas and other Outreach Programs | | |
| |Department of Electoral Cooperation and Observation (DECO) – OAS Electoral Observation Mission to |$25,000.00 | |
| |Haiti – Second Round | | |
| |Office of the Assistant Secretary General / Columbus Library – OAS Columbus Library Equipment |$10,000.00 | |
| |Secretariat for Political Affairs / Department of Sustainable Democracy and Special Missions – Peace |$20,000.00 | |
| |Fund | | |
| |Various – Professional Development Program for Young Diplomats (2 participants) | |$9,600.00 |
| |Various – Curso de Formación para los Diplomáticos de Categoria Superior de los Países | |$19,200.00 |
| |Latinoamericanos (4 participants) | | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Human Development, Education and | |$412,602.00 |
| |Culture – OAS Partnerships Program for Education and Training – Masters and Bachelor’s Degrees at | | |
| |Different Universities – China-OAS Scholarships (10 Scholarships) | | |
| SUBTOTAL |$180,000.00 |$441,402.00 |
|2012 |The Department of Sustainable Development – Sustainable Development in the Caribbean |$20,000.00 | |
| |The Office of the Director General of the Inter-American Children’s Institute (IIN) – Program Prevent |$47,390.00 | |
| |Sexual Exploitation | | |
| |Secretariat for External Relations / Department of International Affairs – Promotion of Democratic |$45,000.00 | |
| |Values among the Youth of the Caribbean through the Organization of the MOAS | | |
| |Department of Human Development, Education, and Culture – Inter-American education for democratic |$20,000.00 | |
| |values | | |
| |Department of Economic Development, Trade and Tourism / Executive Secretariat for Integral |$40,000.00 | |
| |Development- Public Policies and Institutional Strengthening for Promoting the Productivity, | | |
| |Innovation and Internationalization of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) – | | |
| |Department of Economic Development, Trade and Tourism / Executive Secretariat for Integral Development|$30,000.00 | |
| |– Small Tourism Enterprises Network | | |
| |Department of Press and Communications – DPI/Multimedia |$25,000.00 | |
| |Unprogrammed Funds |$47,650.00 | |
| |Secretariat for External Relations / Modernization of Offices and Multimedia Equipment of the General |$47,650.00 | |
| |Secretariat. | | |
| |Department of Human Development, Education and Culture / Executive Secretariat for Integral | |$269,310.00 |
| |Development– OAS Scholarship Program Chinese and English (9 scholarships) | | |
| |Inter-American Commission of Women & Secretariat for Legal Affairs / Professional Program for | |$9,600.00 |
| |Diplomats from Pacific Islands and Caribbean Countries (2 participants) | | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development & Secretariat for External Relations / Seminar on | |$19,200.00 |
| |Practical Chinese for Government Officials from Latin American, Caribbean and South Pacific Countries | | |
| |(2 participants) | | |
| SUBTOTAL |$322,690.00 |$298,110.00 |
|2013 |Secretariat for Political Affairs Department of Effective Public Management – Universal Civil |$55,000.00 | |
| |Identity Program in the Americas (PUICA): Promoting Horizontal Cooperation in Latin America and the | | |
| |Caribbean | | |
| |Department of Economic and Social Development – Culture and Development |$20,000.00 | |
| |Secretariat for External Relations / Department of International Affairs – OAS Policy Roundtables: |$20,000.00 | |
| |Contributing to the hemispheric Debate of the Political, Security and Development Challenges of the | | |
| |Americas | | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Human Development, Education and |$30,000.00 | |
| |Employment – Building Democratic Classrooms in the Caribbean: A professional development opportunity | | |
| |for teacher educators to promote coexistence and social integration among children and youth. | | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Sustainable Development - |$25,000.00 | |
| |Inter-American Judicial Capacity Building Program on Environment and Natural Resources | | |
| |Inter-American Children's Institute – Teen Criminal System |$45,000.00 | |
| |Secretariat for Administration and Finance - Renovation Project of the OAS Buildings |$197,850.00 | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Human Development, Education and | |$275,980.00 |
| |Employment - Scholarships Awarded with the Support of the Government of China | PAEC- Academic | | |
| |Department of Human Resources | Department of International Affairs | Executive Secretariat for | |$28,800.00 |
| |Integral Development / Seminar on Human Resources Development and Cooperation for Superintendent | | |
| |officials from Latin American, Caribbean and South Pacific Regions (3 Participants) | | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development / Seminar on Emergency Management for Local Government | |$19,200.00 |
| |Officials for Latin America, Caribbean and South Pacific Ocean Regions. (2 Participants) | | |
| SUBTOTAL |$392,850.00 |$323,980.00 |
|2014 |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Economic and Social Development - The |$45,000.00 | |
| |Continuous Reporting System on International Migration in the Americas (SICREMI) | | |
| |Secretariat for External Relations / Department of International Affairs – Lecture Series of the |$35,000.00 | |
| |Americas and OAS Policy Roundtables | | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Sustainable Development - Strengthening|$70,000.00 | |
| |Decision Support Systems for Disaster Risk Management in Central America and the Caribbean | | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Human Development, Education Employment|$50,000.00 | |
| |- Capacity Building for Growing Higher Education Institutions at Undergraduate Level: Enriching | | |
| |Curriculum to Develop Investigating Minds for Integral Development | | |
| |Secretariat for Administration and Finance - Renovation Project of the OAS Buildings |$133,093.00 | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Human Development, Education and | |$870,000.00 |
| |Employment - Scholarships Awarded with the Support of the Government of China | PAEC- Academic (29 | | |
| |scholarships) | | |
| |Seminar on International Development Cooperation for Officials from Latin America, Caribbean and | |$20,200.00 |
| |South Pacific Countries (2 participants) | | |
| |Seminar for Diplomats of East-Asian and Latin-American Countries (3 participants) | |$30,300.00 |
| |Seminar on Renewable Rural Energy, Environment and Hygiene Management of Latin America, Caribbean and | |$10,100.00 |
| |South Pacific Regions (1 participant) | | |
| |Seminar on Human Resource Management for Latin American, Caribbean and South Pacific Countries in 2014| |$10,100.00 |
| |(1 participant) | | |
| SUBTOTAL |$333,093.00 |$940,700.00 |
|2015 |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Economic Development - Promoting |$105,000.00 | |
| |Competitiveness in the Americas through the Inter-American Competitiveness Network (RIAC) | | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development / Department of Sustainable Development - Promoting |$45,000.00 | |
| |Circular Economies in OAS Member States through the use of Closed Looped Cycle Design and Production | | |
| |Methods | | |
| |2015 Seminar for Young Diplomats from Pacific Islands and Caribbean Countries - September 10-24, 2015 | |$10,100.00 |
| |(1 participant) | | |
| |2015 Seminar on Economic Globalization for Developing Countries - August 17 to September 17 (2 | |$20,200.00 |
| |participants) | | |
| |2015 Seminar for Young Diplomats from Pacific Islands and Caribbean Countries - June 4-17, 2015 (2 | |$20,200.00 |
| |participants) | | |
| |2015 Seminar on Administrative Management for Local Government Officials of Latin American, Caribbean | |$10,100.00 |
| |and South Pacific Region - June 22-July 12, 2015 (1 participant) | | |
| |2015 Seminar on Female Capacity Building for Developing Countries - June 25-July 15, 2015 (1 | |$10,100.00 |
| |participant) | | |
| |Seminary "Reformas e Innovaciones de los Servicios Públicos para los Países Latinoamericanos" June 25 | |$10,100.00 |
| |- July 15, 2015 (1 participant, winner of the Inter-American Prize for Innovation in Effective Public | | |
| |Management 2014) | | |
| |2015 Seminar for Senior Diplomats of Latin American Countries- Fuzhou, China - October 15 – 28, 2015 | |$20,200.00 |
| |China-OAS Scholarship Program (23 scholarships/US$30,000 per scholarship ) | |$690,000.00 |
| |II Encuentro del Foro Interamericano de Presidentes de Poderes Legislativos |$9,931.00 | |
| |OAS Program for Effective Public Management |$40,000.00 | |
| |Electoral Observation Mission for the Legislative Elections in Haiti - August 2015 |$68,700.00 | |
| |Regional Conference on Gender and Justice: Access to Justice For Women in the Americas / the |$30,398.00 | |
| |Inter-American Commission of Women | | |
|SUBTOTAL |$299,029.00 |$791,000.00 |
|2016 |Building Management and Maintenance – Improving Access to the OAS – People w/ Disabilities |$95,000.00 | |
| |The Department of Social Inclusion – Inter-American System of Education |$38,500.00 | |
| |The Department of Social Inclusion – Unprogrammed Funds DSI |$11,500.00 | |
| |The Department of Effective Public Management – OAS Government School |$130,00.00 | |
| |The Department of Electoral Cooperation and Observation – EOM 2016 Colombia |$25,000.00 | |
| |Building Management and Maintenance – Critical Maintenance Projects |$65,000.00 | |
| |The Permanent Secretariat of the Inter-American Commission of Women CIM – Equality Gender Policy OAS |$50,000.00 | |
| |The Department of Social Inclusion – Community Program - Nutrition |$100,000.00 | |
| |Unprogrammed Funds |$53,788.00 | |
|SUBTOTAL |$568,788.00 | |
|2017 |Department of Social Inclusion (54B) |$ 45,000.00 | |
| |Inter‐American System of Education | | |
| |Office of the Strategic Counsel for Organizational Development and Results‐Based Management (44A) |$ 100,000.00 | |
| |Secretariat of the Inter‐American Commission of Women (CIM) (34C) Equality Gender Policy OAS | | |
| | | | |
| | |$50,000.00 | |
| |Department of Social Inclusion (54B) |$50,000.00 | |
| |SICREMI 2014‐2015 | | |
| |Department of Press and Communication (44C) |$100,000.00 | |
| |OAS Web Renovation | | |
| |Secretariat of the Inter‐American Commission of Women (CIM) (34C) |$50,000.00 | |
| |Equality Gender Policy OAS | | |
| |Department of Social Inclusion (54B) SICREMI 2014‐2015 |$50,000.00 | |
|SUBTOTAL |$445,500.00 | |
|2018 |Department of Planning and Evaluation (44B) |$75,500 | |
| |Imp. Balanc Scorecard System | | |
| |Office of the Strategic Counsel for Organizational Development and Management for Results (44A) |$50,000 | |
| |Organizational Development | | |
| |Department of Planning and Evaluation (44B) Imp. Balance Scorecard System |$50,000 | |
| |Department of Social Inclusion (54B) OAS‐SDH Seminar |$80,000 | |
| |Department of Effective Public Management (94B) OAS Government School |$50,000 | |
| |Department of Planning and Evaluation (44B) Imp. Balance Scorecard System |$38,420 | |
| |Art Museum of the Americas (94D) Art Museum Americas‐Permanent FD |$20,000 | |
| |Office of the Secretariat of the General Assembly, the Meeting of Consultation, the Permanent Council, |$16,400 | |
| |and Subsidiary Bodie GAPC Knowledge Management | | |
| |Coordinating Office for the Offices and Units of the General Secretariat in the Member States (24C) |$16,000 | |
| |COGSMS Knowledge Management | | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development (74A) Administrative 2014‐2017 |$20,000 | |
| |Department of Planning and Evaluation (44B) Imp. Balance Scorecard System |$60,000 | |
| |Building Management and Maintenance (124D) LED Lighting Upgrade |$41,000 | |
|SUBTOTAL |$517,320 | |
|2019 |Department of Planning and Evaluation |$17,600 | |
| |OAS Strategic Plan | | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development |$100,000 | |
| |Administrative 2014‐2017 | | |
| |Department of Planning and Evaluation |$65,000 | |
| |Imp. Balance Scorecard System | | |
| |Department of Effective Public Management |$11,075 | |
| |OAS Government School | | |
| |Department of Effective Public Management |$50,000 | |
| |OAS Government School | | |
| |Office of the Strategic Counsel for Organizational Development and Management for Results |$50,000 | |
| |Organizational Development | | |
| |Executive Secretariat for Integral Development |$150,000 | |
| |Administrative 2014‐2017 | | |
| | |$443,675 | |
|TOTAL |$4,760,347.00 |$3,230,833.64 |
SOURCES:
| | |
|EMBASSY OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA |XINHUA NEWS AGENCY |
| | |
| | |
|THE CENTRAL PEOPLE’S GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA |CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY |
| | |
| | |
| |WORLD BANK – TRADING ECONOMICS |
| | |
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PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC
OF CHINA
PERMANENT OBSERVER
................
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