1 - INTRODUCTION



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|(1) Evaluating Internet Resources: Most of what is posted on the Internet has never been subjected to the rigors of peer review |

|common with many traditional publications. Students must learn to evaluate the reliability of information of the websites they |

|visit. |

| |

|Select two websites that provide information about a topic related to your curriculum. Cite the URLs and names of both sites and |

|explain which is more reliable using evaluation criteria. |

I chose two formats based is a commercial cite that provides information about developmentally appropriate physical education practices and programs.

The second website I chose was useful in providing lesson plan ideas for physical education teachers parents and activity coordinators. .

I found the is website to be most useful due to its level of professionalism which is geared towards teaching and learning. This site is affiliated with PBS and had responses and quotes from the kids.

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Criteria:

• What is the purpose, goals, or nature of the sponsoring organization?

The Public Broadcasting Service is a privately owned, non profit amalgamation of television stations partly funded by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, a government body erected to finance the service, and individual private sponsors. The intended purpose of PBS is educational in nature, though the service has variously been targeted by a multitude of critics for expressing a defined ideological bent, particularly in the coverage of current events.

• How can you verify the legitimacy of the page's sponsor or author?

Clicking the “About PBS” link on the bottom of the title page takes one to a fairly typical page describing the organization, its funding, standards and policies.

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• Is there a statement giving the organization's name as the copyright holder?

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• Has this been subject to peer review?

A notice at the bottom of an article page regarding President James Madison notes that the piece was produced by WGBH, an affiliated local public broadcaster stationed in Boston, Massachusetts. The content does not appear to be peer reviewed.



• Are the sources for factual information clearly listed so they can be verified elsewhere?

No sources are visibly listed.

• Is the information free of grammatical, spelling, and typographical errors? What is the motivation for publishing the Website?

The content of the article appears well edited and formatted. PBS puts out a great deal of educational material. Because the information covers an historical era from the early Republican period, there is little incentive, in my mind, for politicizing the content.

• Is there a bias to the information?

I do not believe that any bias has been worked into the reference article. It is essentially a biographical, one page piece describing the presidency of James Madison.

• Is there a profit motive for a product related to this website?

PBS is a non profit organization. The site does sell copies of broadcasting product, yet I assume that any revenue accrued is redirected into the operating budget.

• Who is the intended audience?

The intended audience is likely the larger American public. PBS doesn’t have the commercial appeal of for profit broadcasting operations such as ABC, NBC, and CBS, thus the audience is far smaller in comparison. However, PBS is respected as a credible source for cultural content, and it is likely that students will seek out the site for academic purposes.

• When was this article written?

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The copyright detail suggests that this “new content” was created by WGBH between 2002-2003.

• When was it last updated?

The content does not entail current events, thus, it is likely that the article has not been updated since the 2002-2003 period.

|(2) Research with Electronic References: Since we live in the Information Age, it is particularly important that teachers are able |

|to access and evaluate information to prepare accurate, up-to-date lessons, and to teach their students the principles of |

|electronic research. In this activity you will examine a variety of electronic references in your quest to acquire information for |

|lessons or other professional activities. |

| |

|Identify two topics to research using electronic references (broadcast news, almanacs, quotations, etc.). Research the first topic |

|using at least one resource from each of five categories of electronic resources. Repeat the process with the second topic, using |

|references from five additional categories. Include the URL, name of the resource, key information acquired, and a screen capture |

|from each resource. (See examples of research ideas). |

|Identify the special features (e.g. hypertext linking of terms, Boolean search capabilities, archival search, knowledge tree, |

|downloadable movies, online audio transcripts, animations, translations, reference lists, printer-friendly output, multimedia |

|links, PDA or bookreader download, visible directory structure, etc.) of each of the reference tools you have used. |

|List criteria for determining the authenticity of information on a website. |

|Compare and contrast electronic references with their traditional paper counterparts. Discuss at least ten tasks or features that |

|are possible with electronic resources that are not possible with traditional paper resources. |

|Develop a lesson plan that incorporates electronic references. Your lesson plan should require students to use two or more |

|electronic references to address a specific curricular objective. |

Website Evaluation Criteria:

Innumerable websites exist, with a potential authorship numbering in the billions. Anyone with a minimum of skills can purchase a URL and create web generated content. In light of reader uncertainty, proper evaluation categories include the authority, accuracy, fairness, and recency of information. Users should be vigilante in their acquisition of information, particularly so when conducting research for academic, or other purposes.

Electronic versus Traditional resources:

Electronic resources provide superlative accessibility and ease of use, though content varies considerably by source. Though not all sources utilize the following content features, it is reasonable to suggest that the list will grow over time as the implementation becomes streamlined. It is important to note that the list of these features will also continue to expand as new innovations are devised:

1. hyperlinked text (provides one click direct link to complimentary information)

2. Boolean search (search content by selecting values)

3. archival search and access (for periodical source such as a magazine or newspaper)

4. knowledge tree structure (data arrangement organizationally mapped in logical units)

5. downloadable audio content (downloaded from website to hard drive in easily executable format)

6. downloadable video content (same as audio)

7. transcripts for audio and video content (textual accompaniment for searchable reference)

8. animated display of content information (frame by frame display of moving data through graphs, tables, or other means)

9. multiple language translation (either manual or computer generated translation of content into multiple languages)

10. reference listings (disclosure of information sources)

11. printer friendly formatting (for streamlines printability requiring no additional end user formatting)

12. links to multimedia and interactive content (either on site or outside complimentary content that can be manipulated to extract data)

13. mobile device download options (text content formatted to work with mobile device such as a PDA)

14. visible directory organization (organization of website content available to the user)

Student Assignment

Directions – James Madison was the acting president during the onset of the War of 1812. It was his famous Virginia Plan that would eventually form the seat of the new Republic’s constitutional government. Using the Columbia Encyclopedia as a reference, describe the Virginia plan. How did it differ from the eventual constitution adopted by the Constitutional Convention? To answer this question, create an electronic document featuring at least 5 hyperlinks of important terms directly to information found in the Columbia Encyclopedia. Include a quote by James Madison in your explanation.

Topic One: The Patriot Act

Topic Two: War of 1812

PATRIOT ACT:

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(Screen capture would not take a static image of the video in play or pause)



National News (CBS)

-hypertext linking of terms (some, on main site)

-Boolean search capabilities

-archival search

-multimedia links

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(Screen capture would not take a static image of the video in play or pause)



International News (BBC)

-Boolean search capabilities (on main site)

-archival search (on main site)

-downloadable movies (on main site)

-multimedia links (on main site)

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Local News (KCAL)

-Boolean search capabilities

-archival search

-multimedia links

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News Magazine (Time)

-Boolean search capabilities

-archival search

-printer-friendly output

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Encyclopedia ( – Columbia)

-hypertext linking of terms

-Boolean search capabilities

-reference lists

-printer-friendly output

-multimedia links

War of 1812:

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Map of New Orleans (Battle of New Orleans 1815)

Maps – Google Satellite View

-Boolean search capabilities

-animations

-printer-friendly output

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Quotations, Bartleby

Quotation “We have met the enemy and they are ours…”

-Boolean search capabilities

-reference lists

-multimedia links

-PDA or bookreader download

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Internet Public Library link to government of Ontario site regarding War of 1812

-hypertext linking of terms

-Boolean search capabilities

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infoplease Almanac Entry

-hypertext linking of terms (some)

-Boolean search capabilities

-reference lists

-multimedia links

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Los Angeles Public Library book on War of 1812

-hypertext linking of terms

-Boolean search capabilities

-archival search

-reference lists

|(3) Educational Research: Teachers should be familiar with research related to the teaching of their discipline. The Educational |

|Research Database (ERIC) provides access to abstracts from numerous educational publications, and is the best place to start when |

|conducting educational research. |

| |

|Find two or more abstracts of recent, relevant articles related to the use of technology in the teaching of your subject. Summarize|

|implications for the teaching of your subject. Cite the articles using APA format., and include the text of the abstracts. |

I pulled up the following two articles on Eric, using the search terms “history” and “technology.” One article discusses the implications of discussing academic subject material online. This is of obvious importance given that the internet is still of a young age, and is still experiencing growing pains. The practice of moderating the discussion of complex subject matter will likely advance with a changing etiquette and ever growing technological sophistication. The second article discusses the omission of technology in k-12 education, which is of primary importance. If students will be expected to fill the marketplace to take over a new generation of employment opportunities, they need to be highly skilled with the necessary tools. That doesn’t just include a simple computer and a word processor. This entails knowledge of a far ranging suite of software, web based development skills, and understanding of the engineering principles behind them, from hardware to software programming.

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Leary, Patrick; Labanowski, Jan; Korenman, Joan. (2007). Free Speech, Quality Control, and Flame Wars.  Academe, Vol 93, with  p50-55.

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Bybee, Rodger W.; Starkweather, Kendall N. (2006).  The Twenty-First Century Workforce. Technology Teacher, Vol 65, with  p27-32.

|(4) Online Academic Journals: A growing number of academic journals are available online, some of which are free, and others of |

|which require a subscription. |

| |

|Find an electronic journal related to your subject and include a screen capture of a relevant article. Briefly summarize the |

|article. |

| |

| |

|Administrators should be familiar with the legal code as it pertains to education. Research a legal case relevant to education in |

|secondary schools and include a screen capture from this case. Briefly summarize the case. *PTP-tip The PTP requires that |

|"Candidates for a Teaching Credential understand and honor legal and professional obligations to protect the privacy, health, and |

|safety of students, families, and other school professionals. They are aware of and act in accordance with ethical considerations |

|and they model ethical behaviors for students. Candidates understand and honor all laws relating to professional misconduct and |

|moral fitness." You may wish to cite relevant laws or cases as an aspect of an artifact for TPE 12. |

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After a quick search, I settled upon “The Journal of Politics and Society”, published by the Helvidius Group, of Columbia University. The article that I selected, “The China Question”, addresses the growing economic and political might of Communist China, and their corollary expansion of military power. China is expected to pose a theoretically significant military threat to the United States as the nation continues to pour more money into their military industrial complex. As the most populous nation in the world, China boasts a near limitless reserve of troops, and as an authoritarian regime, little restriction as to how they mobilize their power. With an evidently more ambitious effort to flex their might through the use of traditional balance of power relations, western nations are divided as to best approach China. The United States’ own military front in the Middle East has tied up resources that could once pose as a deterrent to China’s ambitions. Analysts fear the consequences of a Chinese move to secure Taiwan through direct force in the absence of credible opposition. In the end, perhaps the most realistic countermeasure to China’s military might is economic integration, pulling both nations closer in a mutual effort to achieve greater prosperity for the citizenry of all concerned peoples.

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The National Education Association, the nation’s largest teacher’s union, filed a lawsuit against the federal government over the administration of the No Child Left Behind act, charging that law is fundamentally flawed and unevenly applied, and inadvertently punishing students of a lesser economic status.

|(5) Locating multimedia teaching resources: At many libraries, teachers can obtain cards which give them special privileges as |

|educators, including the ability to check our more resources and keep them longer. Teachers can check out books, CDs, DVDs and and |

|videos. |

| |

|Find a video related to the teaching of your course in the Los Angeles Public Library System (or other public library system), CSUN|

|main library, or the CSUN Teacher Curriculum Center. Describe the video resource and its call number, and if possible, find a |

|teacher study guide for the video by performing an Internet search. |

“Racial Inequality: Remnants of a Troubled Time”, DVD

Call No: E449.R335 2005

Discovery Education, Discovery Communications

The Discovery website, not surprisingly, has an entire, multi-day lesson plan based on this DVD, complete with evaluation criteria, a vocabulary list, and relevant content standards. Below is an excerpt from the “Procedures” section:

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I’m not sure how I feel about this. They’re almost spoon feeding teachers. It seems to devalue the ideal of an engaging, inspired approach to instruction.

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