Mayfield City School District



|[pic] |[pic] |

|Plant kingdom |Plant kingdom |

| |

|jpg | |

| | |

|Note the thick barrier between cells in all of these images of plant cells. It is the cell | |

|wall. | |

|Source for all photographs of cells belowe |

|[pic] |[pic] |

| | |

|Plant root tip |Plant leaf |

|[pic] |[pic] |

| |Water conducting tissue of bamboo, a plant |

|Mesophyll cells (photosynthetic cells) of a plant leaf |[pic]biological-photographs.html |

|[pic] plant |[pic] |

| |

| |lls/onion3.jpg |

|[pic]wanimal—note (e.g., in the circled area) that the intersection of cells is sometimes | [pic] |

|difficult to distinquish: cell wall is not present. |Mammalian squamous epithelial cells |

|_____ 40 µm fish blastocyst (early embryo), stained for DNA |________ 70 µm |

|[pic] |[pic] |

|Amoeba -protist ____________________________200 microns |Paramecium protist |

|1 celled, no cell wall nucleus (animal like protists have no cell walls but plant like |1 celled, no cell wall nucleus (animal like protists have no cell walls but plant like protists |

|protists usually do have cell walls); note vacuoles (uneven granule like appearance) in the |usually do have cell walls); note vacuoles (uneven granule like appearance) in the cytoplasm, |

|cytoplasm, containing food that the amoeba ingested by phagocytosis. |containing food that the amoeba ingested by phagocytosis. |

| |____________________________100 microns |

| |1 celled, no cell wall nucleus (animal like protists have no cell walls |

|[pic][pic] |

|rat seminal tubules in presence of estrogen, bar = 50 microns human kidney cells |

| |

|note that it is not easy to distinguish boundaries between many of the cells (look |

|at cells comprising the tube), and nuclei are found in the cells. Also, cells are between about 10 and 30 um |

|Note that as the entire specimen is scanned, areas with different appearing cells are clearly evident. |

|This shows that the organism is multicellular and has specialized cell types. |

| |[pic] |

|[pic] |siumed.edu/~dking2/erg/GI118b.htm |

| |cross section of intestine in animal |

|_______ 50 um | |

|Chinese hamster ovary cells |Note that different regions have very distinct cell stains and cell morphology (appearance), showing |

|micro.magnet.fsu.edu/.../chocells.html |that the organism is multicellular and specialized with regard to its cell types. The tiny purple |

|Note that these cells overlap are stacked haphazardly—an indication that these cells have |spots above GI118 in the website address are nuclei in many adjacent cells. |

|been “transformed” and are on the way to becoming tumor forming cells (they are not obeying |___ 100 µm |

|rules to stop dividing when cells come into contact with the membranes of adjacent cells). |The entire specimen is well over a mm in size—definitely visible to the naked eye, so this is |

|The cells are also very flat and irregular in appearance versus the other cells of the same |certainly MANY cells (multicellular). |

|type (these are clones of a single cell), another indication that the cell is abnormal. | |

|Carolina biological, coccal (round shape) [pic]Carolina biological, |[pic] |

| |

| |mear |

|i[pic] | |

|___10 microns Bacilli (rod shape) surrounded by eukaryotic cells—note that the eukaryotic |note the spiral shape (spirilla) |

|nuclei are alone much larger than the bacteria. Also, note the difficulty in determining | |

|where the “edges” of the eukaryotic cells are (hard to see the separation of the cells |How do you recognized all of these as cells? The cells are smaller than 5 microns, whereas 7 microns |

|housing adjacent nuclei, the dark purple spots). Note the nucleoli in each nucleus (the |is the lower size limit for a nucleus. Also, the 3 shapes are revealing. |

|darker purple spot in the nucleus). | |

|Into what kingdom do you think the host cells ought be classified? | |

|tag/science-project/ | |

| | |

|Note that the cells surrounding the bacteria are eukaryotic (clusters of 4 or 5 cells, each | |

|with a nucleus) and are | |

| |

|ory/Fungi/Fungi.htm | |

|High magnification staphylococcus bacteria | |

| | |

|Images below are fungi |

|[pic] |[pic] |

|plantclinic.cornell.edu/.../brownpatch.htm |

| |ory/Fungi/Fungi.htm |

|Note the obvious barriers that mark the outer limits of the cells that form the matted, string like |____150 microns |

|body called a mycelium (see the dark brown rim above and the dark purple rim in the photograph on the | |

|right). Also note that there are few different types of cells, just the hyphae (string like cells | |

|connected together to form the mucelium) In the photograph on the right, also note the thick walled | |

|spores at the timps of some hyphae. Nuclei are not stained in these cells, but they would be apparent| |

|if stained or if the section was viewed at different depths. | |

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download