Mayfield City School District
|[pic] |[pic] |
|Plant kingdom |Plant kingdom |
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|jpg | |
| | |
|Note the thick barrier between cells in all of these images of plant cells. It is the cell | |
|wall. | |
|Source for all photographs of cells belowe |
|[pic] |[pic] |
| | |
|Plant root tip |Plant leaf |
|[pic] |[pic] |
| |Water conducting tissue of bamboo, a plant |
|Mesophyll cells (photosynthetic cells) of a plant leaf |[pic]biological-photographs.html |
|[pic] plant |[pic] |
| |
| |lls/onion3.jpg |
|[pic]wanimal—note (e.g., in the circled area) that the intersection of cells is sometimes | [pic] |
|difficult to distinquish: cell wall is not present. |Mammalian squamous epithelial cells |
|_____ 40 µm fish blastocyst (early embryo), stained for DNA |________ 70 µm |
|[pic] |[pic] |
|Amoeba -protist ____________________________200 microns |Paramecium protist |
|1 celled, no cell wall nucleus (animal like protists have no cell walls but plant like |1 celled, no cell wall nucleus (animal like protists have no cell walls but plant like protists |
|protists usually do have cell walls); note vacuoles (uneven granule like appearance) in the |usually do have cell walls); note vacuoles (uneven granule like appearance) in the cytoplasm, |
|cytoplasm, containing food that the amoeba ingested by phagocytosis. |containing food that the amoeba ingested by phagocytosis. |
| |____________________________100 microns |
| |1 celled, no cell wall nucleus (animal like protists have no cell walls |
|[pic][pic] |
|rat seminal tubules in presence of estrogen, bar = 50 microns human kidney cells |
| |
|note that it is not easy to distinguish boundaries between many of the cells (look |
|at cells comprising the tube), and nuclei are found in the cells. Also, cells are between about 10 and 30 um |
|Note that as the entire specimen is scanned, areas with different appearing cells are clearly evident. |
|This shows that the organism is multicellular and has specialized cell types. |
| |[pic] |
|[pic] |siumed.edu/~dking2/erg/GI118b.htm |
| |cross section of intestine in animal |
|_______ 50 um | |
|Chinese hamster ovary cells |Note that different regions have very distinct cell stains and cell morphology (appearance), showing |
|micro.magnet.fsu.edu/.../chocells.html |that the organism is multicellular and specialized with regard to its cell types. The tiny purple |
|Note that these cells overlap are stacked haphazardly—an indication that these cells have |spots above GI118 in the website address are nuclei in many adjacent cells. |
|been “transformed” and are on the way to becoming tumor forming cells (they are not obeying |___ 100 µm |
|rules to stop dividing when cells come into contact with the membranes of adjacent cells). |The entire specimen is well over a mm in size—definitely visible to the naked eye, so this is |
|The cells are also very flat and irregular in appearance versus the other cells of the same |certainly MANY cells (multicellular). |
|type (these are clones of a single cell), another indication that the cell is abnormal. | |
|Carolina biological, coccal (round shape) [pic]Carolina biological, |[pic] |
| |
| |mear |
|i[pic] | |
|___10 microns Bacilli (rod shape) surrounded by eukaryotic cells—note that the eukaryotic |note the spiral shape (spirilla) |
|nuclei are alone much larger than the bacteria. Also, note the difficulty in determining | |
|where the “edges” of the eukaryotic cells are (hard to see the separation of the cells |How do you recognized all of these as cells? The cells are smaller than 5 microns, whereas 7 microns |
|housing adjacent nuclei, the dark purple spots). Note the nucleoli in each nucleus (the |is the lower size limit for a nucleus. Also, the 3 shapes are revealing. |
|darker purple spot in the nucleus). | |
|Into what kingdom do you think the host cells ought be classified? | |
|tag/science-project/ | |
| | |
|Note that the cells surrounding the bacteria are eukaryotic (clusters of 4 or 5 cells, each | |
|with a nucleus) and are | |
| |
|ory/Fungi/Fungi.htm | |
|High magnification staphylococcus bacteria | |
| | |
|Images below are fungi |
|[pic] |[pic] |
|plantclinic.cornell.edu/.../brownpatch.htm |
| |ory/Fungi/Fungi.htm |
|Note the obvious barriers that mark the outer limits of the cells that form the matted, string like |____150 microns |
|body called a mycelium (see the dark brown rim above and the dark purple rim in the photograph on the | |
|right). Also note that there are few different types of cells, just the hyphae (string like cells | |
|connected together to form the mucelium) In the photograph on the right, also note the thick walled | |
|spores at the timps of some hyphae. Nuclei are not stained in these cells, but they would be apparent| |
|if stained or if the section was viewed at different depths. | |
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