RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES



RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

KARNATAKA, BANGALORE

ANNEXURE II

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

|1 |Name of the candidate and address |ANUMOL K. V. |

| |(in block letters) |SAHYADRI COLLEGE OF NURSING |

| | |ADYAR |

| | |MANGALORE-575007. |

|2 |Name of the institution |SAHYADRI COLLEGE OF NURSING |

| | |ADYAR |

| | |MANGALORE-575007 |

|3 |Course of the study and subject |M. Sc. NURSING |

| | |MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING |

|4 |Date of admission to the course |01.06.2010 |

|5 |Title of the study |

| |A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HOT FOMENTATION VERSUS COLD COMPRESS IN REDUCING INTRAVENOUS INFILTRATION |

| |AND PAIN AMONG PATIENTS IN A SELECTED HOSPITAL AT MANGALORE, KARNATAKA. |

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|6 |Brief resume of the intended work |

| |6.1 Need for the study |

| |Intravenous infusion has become an indispensable component in medical therapy. It is used to correct electrolyte imbalances,|

| |to deliver medications, for blood transfusion or as fluid replacement to correct dehydration. In spite of its therapeutic |

| |effects the most frequently encountered problems are infiltration and extravasation. Unfortunately, they are so common, that|

| |they are sometimes overlooked or not addressed as soon as they should be, or else they can produce debilitating effects1 |

| |A study conducted by infusion nursing society on incidence of intravenous catheter complications in the hand and forearm |

| |reported that 67 patient had developed intravenous catheter complication in a hospital over a three year period in which 56 |

| |minor complications and 11 major complications. In 68% of minor complications, the patients were aged 50 years or older and |

| |68% were women in which minor complications comprised 26 intravenous infiltrations and 23 cases of thrombophlebitis. The |

| |most common complication of peripheral venous cannulation is infiltration which results in an inflammatory reaction, and is |

| |manifested as pain, swelling, and erythema that may prolongs the duration of hospital stay. Therefore, nurses are in a |

| |pivotal position to manage infiltration through effective nurse-initiated intervention that are economical in both nursing |

| |times and resources. In the past, drugs have been the conventional methods to alleviate pain and swelling, but in many |

| |instances, medications themselves do not provide optimal results. The modality of hot and cold compression have a very |

| |appropriate role in the treatment of almost all injuries involving soft tissues involves pain, possible bleeding and a |

| |leakage of fluid from damaged tissues into the area.2 |

| |A comparative study was conducted in Pune on effectiveness of hot fomentation versus cold compress for reducing intravenous |

| |infiltration. The sample size was sixty patients (30 for hot fomentation and 30 for cold compress) with mild to moderate |

| |degree of infiltration stayed in hospital for 8-14 days and data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential |

| |statistics. Findings prove that the pre-treatment mean score of degree of infiltration was 7.1667 reduced to 0.7071 on the |

| |third day of treatment with hot fomentation. In cold compress pre-treatment mean score 6.9333 reduced to 0.70571. The study |

| |concluded that both hot fomentation and cold compress are effective in treatment of intravenous therapy related |

| |infiltration3. |

| |In contrast, a study was conducted on effectiveness of warm versus cold applications of intravenous infiltrations at Health |

| |Science Centre, New York. Differences in pain intensity, surface area measurements of induration and erythema, and |

| |interstitial fluid volume when warm versus cold applications were randomly made to an intentional intravenous infiltrate of |

| |5 ml of a designated solution were examined. Three solutions were used: 0.5 saline, normal saline, and 3% saline. Study was |

| |done with 18 samples .There was induration and erythema was no difference in remaining infiltrate when 0.5 saline or normal |

| |saline were used, but a significant (p ................
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