CHINA’S MILITARY THE U.S.-JAPAN ALLIANCE IN 2030 a ...

CHINA'S MILITARY & THE U.S.-JAPAN ALLIANCE IN 2030

a strategic net assessment

MICHAEL D. SWAINE | MIKE M. MOCHIZUKI MICHAEL L. BROWN | PAUL S. GIARRA

DOUGLAS H. PAAL | RACHEL ESPLIN ODELL RAYMOND LU | OLIVER PALMER | XU REN

ADVANCE PRAISE

" T he Asia century is well under way, and with it the emerging challenges of a region in transition.... Any sound future policy will require a thorough assessment of China's evolving military and foreign security capabilities and of the capacity and willingness of Tokyo and Washington to sustain their historic cooperation. There are no guarantees that the future will resemble the recent past, and the best approaches for continued deterrence credibility and regional stability will require careful consideration and thoughtful analysis.

To this end, the Carnegie Endowment has offered up an extraordinary contribution: China's Military and the U.S.-Japan Alliance in 2030: A Strategic Net Assessment. The future security and prosperity of the Asia-Pacific region may very well be defined by the content of this assessment. But one thing is certain: the United States and Japan must recognize that in the future, status quo thinking is unlikely to guarantee a stable security environment that serves the long-term interests of the bilateral relationship or the region."

--Governor Jon Huntsman Jr., former ambassador to China and former governor of Utah

" M ichael Swaine and his co-authors have done an admirable job of thinking through the complex interactions of the U.S.-Japan-China relationship in the future. Using scenarios and trend projections, they go beyond simple predictions to examine the complex interactions of different developments and reactions among the three countries and different groups within them. While I do not agree with specific military and policy judgments in all the scenarios, I strongly endorse the effort to examine potential developments along with likely and possible reactions and counterreactions. The triangular interactive relations among these great Asian powers will determine both the overall future of the region and much of the futures of each of the individual countries."

--Admiral Dennis Blair (U.S. Nav y, retired) ,

former director of national intelligence

and former commander of the U.S. Pacific Command

" T he U.S.-Japan alliance has long been crucial to the military balance in the Western Pacific. The balance of power in the region is now shifting toward China, and tensions between Asian states are rising concomitantly. Current trends suggest that the United States and Japan will not find it easy to sustain immunity from coercion as they seek to preserve stability, secure their national interests, and manage crises in the region over the coming years. This study is a remarkably timely, thoughtful, and meticulous examination of the drivers and choices the allies will face through 2030. It illuminates probable shifts in the strategic landscape of northeast Asia, their consequences, and the policy and resource allocation choices they pose. In this strategic net assessment, the scholars Carnegie assembled have given decisionmakers in Tokyo and Washington a uniquely insightful and thought-provoking policy-planning tool."

--Ambassador Chas W. Freeman Jr. (U.S. Foreign Service, retired) ,

former assistant secretary of defense

" T here is nothing out there like this--a very important piece of work.... This is an elegantly framed study that systematically assesses the postures of China, Japan, and the United States and treats the dynamics between them. Obviously, this is tough to execute, but the authors have done an outstanding job. The report addresses a critical subject and offers empirically based suggestions.... There is nothing like it in terms of looking at the interactions between states to produce a set of possible future regional dynamics."

--Eric Heginbotham, senior political scientist at the RAND Corpor ation

CHINA'S MILITARY & THE U.S.-JAPAN ALLIANCE IN 2030

a strategic net assessment

MICHAEL D. SWAINE | MIKE M. MOCHIZUKI MICHAEL L. BROWN | PAUL S. GIARRA

DOUGLAS H. PAAL | RACHEL ESPLIN ODELL RAYMOND LU | OLIVER PALMER | XU REN

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace ? 2013 All rights reserved

The Carnegie Endowment does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented here are the authors' own and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Endowment, its staff, or its trustees.

No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without written permission from the Carnegie Endowment. Please direct inquiries to:

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 1779 Massachusetts Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20036 Phone: +1 202 483 7600 Fax: +1 202 483 1840

For electronic copies of this report, visit: pubs

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