White Plains Public Schools / Overview



A Time to Review – The Thirties and Forties

US History/Napp Name: _________________

|1. As part of the New Deal, the Securities and Exchange Commission |5. The entrance of the United States into World War II was preceded by|

|(SEC) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) were |(1) President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s successful effort to end the |

|created to |Holocaust in Europe |

|(1) allow for a quick recovery of stock prices |(2) unauthorized presidential use of United |

|(2) provide direct loans to businesses |States troops in Japan |

|(3) protect individual investors from stock fraud and bank failure |(3) American aid to help Great Britain defend itself against German |

|(4) allow banks and companies to invest in the stock market |aggression |

| |(4) legislation encouraging the immigration of war refugees |

|2. Senator Huey Long, Dr. Francis Townsend, and Father Charles | |

|Coughlin are best known as |6. As a result of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the |

|(1) members of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s cabinet |Constitution was amended to |

|(2) outspoken critics of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal |(1) correct problems with the electoral college |

|(3) supporters of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s reelection |(2) lower the voting age to eighteen years |

|campaign in 1940 |(3) limit the number of terms a person can serve as president |

|(4) members of the Supreme Court nominated by President Franklin D. |(4) end the use of poll taxes in presidential |

|Roosevelt |Elections |

| | |

|3. The “cash and carry” policy and the Lend-Lease Act were used by the|7. The internment of Japanese Americans during World War II |

|United States to |illustrates that |

|(1) help fund League of Nations efforts to |(1) the Supreme Court can be relied on to |

|maintain peace |defend civil rights |

|(2) encourage British appeasement of Germany |(2) threats to national security are often ignored by the government |

|(3) fulfill treaty obligations with Great Britain and France |(3) minorities are not allowed to enlist in the |

|(4) provide support for the Allies in World War II without entering |United States military |

|the war |(4) civil liberties are sometimes limited during times of national |

| |crisis |

|4. What was a basic cause of the Great Depression of the 1930s? | |

|(1) Too many antitrust laws were passed. |8. Which action is an example of international appeasement? |

|(2) Tariffs on foreign manufactured goods were reduced. |(1) Congress authorizing the Manhattan Project |

|(3) The distribution of income was unequal. |(2) Japan attacking Pearl Harbor |

|(4) Immigration was not limited. |(3) Germany signing a nonaggression pact with the Soviet Union |

|9. President Franklin D. Roosevelt referred to December 7, 1941, as “a|(4) Great Britain and France agreeing to Hitler’s demand for part of |

|date which will live in infamy” because on that day |Czechoslovakia |

|(1) Germany invaded Poland |13. Which factor contributed most to the repeal of national |

|(2) Japan attacked Pearl Harbor |Prohibition in 1933? |

|(3) Italy declared war on the United States |(1) the inability of government to enforce the law |

|(4) the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima |(2) an improvement in the economy |

| |(3) a decline in organized crime |

|10. In Korematsu v. United States (1944), the Supreme Court upheld the|(4) the start of World War II |

|military order excluding Japanese Americans from the West Coast on the| |

|basis that the action was considered |14. |

|(1) a matter of national security |• Banning loans to nations at war |

|(2) a necessity for the economy |• Prohibiting the sale of armaments to nations at war |

|(3) an attempt to limit immigration from Japan |• Limiting travel by United States citizens on |

|(4) a way to protect Japanese Americans from anti-Japanese hysteria |ships of belligerent nations |

| |These governmental actions of the 1930s were similar in that each was |

|11. After World War II, what was one important result of the |intended to |

|Servicemen’s Readjustment Act (GI Bill)? |(1) support efforts of the Munich Conference |

|(1) Many veterans attended college. |(2) protect United States colonies from foreign aggression |

|(2) The demand for housing decreased. |(3) limit the influence of Japan in Asia |

|(3) Defense industries recruited more women. |(4) keep the United States out of international conflicts |

|(4) Women became eligible for the draft. | |

| |15. The major reason for President Harry Truman’s decision to use |

|12. The League of Nations and the United Nations were both formed with|atomic bombs against Japan was the |

|the goal of |(1) potential loss of American lives from an |

|(1) preventing wars through peaceful negotiations |invasion of Japan |

|(2) prohibiting the development of nuclear weapons |(2) need to defeat Japan before defeating |

|(3) monitoring the world’s monetary systems |Germany |

|(4) supporting the spread of democracy |(3) plan to bring democratic government to |

| |Japan after the war |

| |(4) failure of the island-hopping campaign |

| |against Japan |

| | |

| |16. President Franklin D. Roosevelt said the United States needed to |

|17. …War criminals and those who have participated in planning or |become the “great arsenal of democracy” mainly because he was trying |

|carrying out Nazi enterprises involving or resulting in atrocities or |to |

|war crimes shall be arrested and brought to judgment. Nazi leaders, |(1) increase the number of Supreme Court |

|influential Nazi supporters and high officials of Nazi organizations |justices |

|and institutions and any other persons dangerous to the occupation or |(2) assist the Allied nations |

|its objectives shall be arrested and interned… |(3) limit the influence of the defense industry |

|~ Protocol of the Proceedings, Potsdam Conference, August 1945 |(4) gain public support for a third term |

| |20. Changes in policies during the administrations of both President |

|This agreement made at the Potsdam Conference led directly to the |Woodrow Wilson and President Franklin D. Roosevelt demonstrate that |

|(1) creation of the North Atlantic Treaty |(1) war can influence domestic reform programs |

|Organization (NATO) |(2) public opinion is usually opposed to deficit spending |

|(2) trials in Nuremberg, Germany |(3) presidents often lose power during wartime |

|(3) announcement of the Truman Doctrine |(4) United States territorial expansion results in economic growth |

|(4) division of Germany into occupation zones | |

| |21. During the 1930s, poor land management and severe drought |

|18. The Nuremberg War Crimes trials of 1945–1949 established the |conditions across parts of the Midwest resulted in the |

|international precedent that |(1) formation of the United States Department of Agriculture |

|(1) the United States should avoid commitments with foreign nations |(2) creation of wheat surpluses |

|(2) military leaders cannot be held responsible for wartime actions |(3) growth of the Granger movement |

|(3) individuals may be tried for crimes against humanity |(4) development of Dust Bowl conditions on the Great Plains |

|(4) soldiers must obey an order even if it conflicts with basic | |

|humanitarian values |22. What was the goal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s plan to add|

| |more justices to the Supreme Court? |

|19. The GI Bill helped soldiers who served in World War II by |(1) to help the Supreme Court implement its |

|(1) mandating integration of the military |decisions |

|(2) funding college education for veterans |(2) to limit judicial opposition to New Deal |

|(3) requiring women to surrender their wartime jobs to men |programs |

|(4) eliminating union seniority rules that hurt veterans |(3) to convince Congress to enact new economic laws |

| |(4) to replace the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court |

| | |

| |23. To help win World War II, the federal |

| |government found it necessary to |

|24. During World War II, Japanese Americans were sent to internment |(1) return to the gold standard |

|centers primarily because they |(2) outlaw labor unions |

|(1) were considered illegal aliens |(3) impose rationing and price controls |

|(2) had been convicted of spying for Japan |(4) integrate the military |

|(3) refused to enlist in the U.S. military | |

|(4) were thought to be threats to national security | |

| | |

|25. The repeal of national Prohibition in 1933 showed that | |

|(1) alcohol consumption was not socially | |

|acceptable |29. The Neutrality Acts of the 1930s reflect the efforts of Congress |

|(2) the government should lower the drinking age |to |

|(3) crime rates had fallen to record low levels |(1) reject the terms of the Kellogg-Briand Pact |

|(4) unpopular laws are difficult to enforce |(2) avoid foreign policy mistakes that led the |

| |country into World War I |

|26. The Fair Labor Standards Act, passed in 1938, |(3) form military alliances with other democratic nations |

|helped American workers by |(4) strengthen the American military against |

|(1) banning the closed shop |European dictators |

|(2) creating universal health insurance | |

|(3) establishing a federal minimum wage |30. During World War II, the Manhattan Project was the name of the |

|(4) ending the outsourcing of American jobs |plan to |

| |(1) open a second front in Europe |

|27. Consumer rationing was used during World War II as a way to |(2) capture Pacific islands held by the Japanese |

|(1) increase exploration for natural resources |(3) develop the atomic bomb |

|(2) limit supplies of weapons to American allies |(4) liberate German concentration camps |

|(3) draft men into the armed forces | |

|(4) ensure that the military had essential materials |31. Women played a major role on the domestic front during World War |

| |II by |

|28. The principal goal of the United Nations has been to |(1) becoming candidates for public office |

|(1) develop military alliances around the world |(2) campaigning for woman’s suffrage |

|(2) encourage expansion of international trade |(3) demonstrating against involvement in the war |

|(3) promote peaceful solutions to world problems |(4) taking jobs in the defense industry |

|(4) regulate the use of atomic energy | |

|34. During World War II, the need of the United States for more war |32. The New Deal changed American political thinking because it was |

|materials resulted in the |based on the principle that the |

|(1) easing of government controls on the |(1) economy will fix itself if left alone |

|economy |(2) federal government should attempt to solve social and economic |

|(2) use of lengthy strikes by labor unions |problems |

|(3) rationing of some consumer goods |(3) political parties must work together to deal with national |

|(4) reduction in profits for defense industries |problems |

| |(4) states should take a leadership position in solving social issues |

|35. | |

|A. Japan attacks Pearl Harbor. |33. Many of the songs, movies, and books of the 1930s are similar in |

|B. Germany invades Poland. |that they |

|C. MacArthur dictates a democratic constitution to Japan. |(1) romanticized urban life |

|D. Allies invade Europe on D-Day. |(2) relived the bad times of the past |

|Which sequence of these events related to |(3) helped people escape from the realities of |

|World War II is in the correct chronological order? |everyday life |

|(1) D → B → A → C (3) C → A → B → D |(4) pointed out the mistakes that led to the Great Depression |

|(2) B → A → D → C (4) A → B → C → D |38. Which action did President Franklin D. Roosevelt take that helped |

| |organized labor gain strength during the New Deal? |

|36. The Nuremberg trials held at the conclusion of World War II added |(1) requiring the American Federation of Labor to admit skilled |

|to international law by |workers |

|(1) settling boundary disputes in Europe through arbitration |(2) allowing women to work in government |

|(2) placing the blame for World War II on many nations |agencies |

|(3) ruling that moral and ethical considerations do not apply in |(3) signing the National Labor Relations Act |

|wartime |(Wagner Act) |

|(4) establishing that high officials and individuals are responsible |(4) selecting John L. Lewis as his Secretary of Lab |

|for their wartime actions | |

| |39. What was a major result of the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of |

|37. The primary purpose for the creation of the United Nations was to |1944 (GI Bill)? |

|(1) maintain an international army |(1) Millions of veterans received a college education. |

|(2) promote peace through international |(2) Women kept their factory jobs after World War II. |

|agreements |(3) Jobs were created by the Manhattan Project. |

|(3) free Eastern European countries from |(4) Veterans were exempted from gasoline rationing. |

|communism | |

|(4) supply food to all member countries |40. The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress |

| |Administration (WPA) were both New Deal programs developed to address |

| |the problem of |

| |(1) excessive stock market speculation |

|42. Which event led to the other three? |(2) high unemployment |

|(1) migration of 300,000 people to California to find work |(3) increased use of credit |

|(2) development of Dust Bowl conditions on the Great Plains |(4) limited income of senior citizens |

|(3) passage of New Deal legislation to conserve soil | |

|(4) publication of John Steinbeck’s novel The Grapes of Wrath |41. A major reason that President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed |

| |adding Justices to the |

|43. In 1939, President Franklin D. Roosevelt |Supreme Court in 1937 was to |

|responded to the start of World War II in |(1) make the Court processes more democratic |

|Europe by |(2) end corruption and favoritism in handling cases |

|(1) asking Congress to enter the war |(3) influence Court decisions related to New Deal programs |

|(2) urging continued appeasement of aggressor nations |(4) ensure the appointment of members of |

|(3) attempting to negotiate a peaceful settlement of the hostilities |minority groups |

|(4) selling military supplies to the Allied nations | |

| | |

|44. Which statement about the United States economy during World War |46. The Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1937 were intended to |

|II is most accurate? |(1) enforce the policies of the League of Nations |

|(1) Federal economic controls increased. |(2) stimulate economic growth in the United |

|(2) The manufacturing of automobiles increased. |States |

|(3) Worker productivity declined. |(3) avoid the policies that drew the nation into World War I |

|(4) Prices fell rapidly. |(4) support the use of peacekeeping troops in Europe |

| | |

|45. What was a guiding principle of the New Deal economic policies? |47. What was a primary goal of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston |

|(1) Pro-business tax breaks would solve the problems associated with |Churchill, and Joseph Stalin when they met at the Yalta Conference in |

|urban poverty. |1945? |

|(2) Antitrust legislation would destroy the free market economy of the|(1) setting up postwar aid for Great Britain |

|United States. |(2) sharing the development of atomic weapons |

|(3) Rugged individualism must be allowed to solve social inequality. |(3) protecting the colonial empires of the warring nations |

|(4) Government must assume more responsibility for helping the poor. |(4) settling major wartime issues of the Allied powers |

| | |

| |48. What effect did the end of World War II have on American women who|

| |worked in defense industries during the war? |

| |(1) They were invited to join labor unions. |

| |(2) Their jobs were taken by returning servicemen. |

| |(3) Their wages were increased to match those of male workers. |

|50. One way in which the Pearl Harbor attack of December 7, 1941, and |(4) Their contributions were rewarded by the government. |

|the attacks of September 11, 2001, are similar is that both led to | |

|(1) increasing isolation |49. The war crimes trials in Nuremberg and Tokyo following World War |

|(2) the creation of a military draft |II established the concept that |

|(3) the impeachment of the president |(1) nations could be made to pay for wartime damages |

|(4) major changes in United States foreign policy |(2) pardons should be granted to all accused war criminals |

| |(3) those convicted should be given shorter |

|51. During the Great Depression, one way New Deal programs tried to |sentences than ordinary criminals |

|stimulate economic recovery was by |(4) individuals could be held accountable for |

|(1) raising tariff rates |their actions in a war |

|(2) increasing interest rates | |

|(3) creating public works jobs |54. Which change in American society occurred during World War II? |

|(4) lowering the minimum wage |(1) African Americans were granted equality in the armed forces. |

| |(2) Women were allowed to enter combat units for the first time. |

|52. Which geographic area is most closely associated with the Dust |(3) Congress enacted the first military draft. |

|Bowl of the 1930s? |(4) Women replaced men in essential wartime industries. |

|(1) Great Lakes basin | |

|(2) Mississippi River valley |55. A major reason for creating the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) |

|(3) Appalachian Mountains |in 1933 was to |

|(4) Great Plains |(1) build and manage a turnpike in the valley |

| |(2) provide health care benefits for southerners |

|53. Which series of events leading to World War II is in the correct |(3) encourage African Americans to settle in the valley |

|chronological order? |(4) improve economic conditions in a poor rural region |

|(1) Neutrality Acts → Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor → Lend-Lease Act| |

|→ United States declaration of war on Japan |56. A major purpose of the GI Bill (1944) was to |

|(2) Lend-Lease Act → Neutrality Acts → United States declaration of |(1) replace the draft near the end of World War II |

|war on Japan → Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor |(2) prohibit racial discrimination in the armed forces |

|(3) United States declaration of war on |(3) provide federal funds for veterans to attend college |

|Japan → Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor → Lend-Lease Act → Neutrality |(4) increase the number of women working in defense industries |

|Acts | |

|(4) Neutrality Acts → Lend-Lease Act → Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor|57. President Franklin D. Roosevelt believed that declaring a bank |

|→ United States declaration of war on Japan |holiday and creating the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) |

| |would help the nation’s banking system by |

| |(1) restoring public confidence in the banks |

| |(2) reducing government regulation of banks |

| |(3) restricting foreign investments |

| |(4) granting tax relief to individuals |

| | |

|58. The Social Security Act (1935) is considered an important program | |

|because it | |

|(1) brought about a quick end to the Great |62. President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s reelection in 1940 created a |

|Depression |controversy that eventually led to |

|(2) provided employment for those in need of a job |(1) the Supreme Court declaring the election |

|(3) established a progressive income tax |unconstitutional |

|(4) extended support to elderly citizens |(2) the establishment of presidential term limits |

| |(3) an effort to increase voter participation |

|59. The policy of Cash and Carry, the Destroyers for Naval Bases Deal,|(4) an attempt to increase the number of Justices on the Supreme Court|

|and the Lend-Lease Act were all designed to | |

|(1) contribute to the success of the Axis powers |63. The D-Day invasion in June 1944 was important to the outcome of |

|(2) relieve unemployment caused by the Great Depression |World War II because it |

|(3) guarantee a third term to President Franklin D. Roosevelt |(1) opened a new Allied front in Europe |

|(4) aid the Allies without involving the United States in war |(2) avoided use of the atomic bomb against |

| |civilian targets |

|60. Rationing was used in the United States during World War II as a |(3) forced Italy to surrender |

|way to |(4) stopped Soviet advances in eastern Europe |

|(1) ensure adequate supplies of scarce natural resources | |

|(2) increase the number of imports |64. The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (Wagner Act) affected |

|(3) raise production of consumer goods |workers by |

|(4) provide markets for American-made products |(1) protecting their right to form unions and |

| |bargain collectively |

|61. The post–World War II trials held by the Allied powers in |(2) preventing public employee unions from |

|Nuremberg, Germany, and in Japan set an international precedent by |going on strike |

|(1) placing blame only on civilian leaders |(3) providing federal pensions for retired workers |

|(2) forcing nations to pay for war damages |(4) forbidding racial discrimination in employment |

|(3) returning conquered territories to their | |

|peoples |65. Prior to the start of World War II, Great Britain and France |

|(4) holding individuals accountable for their war crimes |followed a policy of appeasement when they |

| |(1) rejected an alliance with the Soviet Union |

| |(2) allowed Germany to expand its territory |

| |(3) signed the agreements at the Yalta |

| |Conference |

| |(4) opposed United States efforts to rearm |

| | |

|[pic] | |

| | |

|66. Which statement is best supported by the information on the map? | |

|(1) Government officials used abandoned mining towns to house Japanese| |

|Americans. |68. The war crimes trials that followed World War II were historically|

|(2) Western states did not support the decision to create the |significant because for the first time |

|relocation centers. |(1) nations were asked to pay for war damages |

|(3) Relocation centers had to be placed near rivers. |(2) individuals were given immunity from |

|(4) The government considered Japanese |prosecution |

|Americans a threat to national security. |(3) nations on both sides were found guilty of causing the war |

| |(4) individuals were held accountable for their actions during wartime|

|67. The relocation camps shown on the map were mainly a reaction to | |

|the |69. One major way President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal tried to |

|(1) Japanese military attack on Pearl Harbor |combat the effects of the Great Depression was by |

|(2) capture of Japanese war prisoners |(1) keeping workers’ wages low |

|(3) need to train Japanese Americans for military service |(2) increasing protective tariff rates |

|(4) attacks by Japanese Americans on United States military bases |(3) giving states more control over the federal budget |

| |(4) funding public works relief programs |

| | |

| |70. In 1937, President Franklin D. Roosevelt was criticized for his |

| |proposal to add justices to the United States Supreme Court because |

| |these appointments would have |

| |(1) broken earlier campaign promises |

| |(2) violated the constitutional limit on the |

| |number of justices |

|72. A major purpose of the GI Bill was to provide World War II |(3) threatened the system of checks and balances |

|veterans with |(4) established a more conservative Court |

|(1) educational opportunities after the war | |

|(2) protection against racial discrimination |71. Which action by the United States best represents United States |

|(3) civilian jobs in the military |foreign policy in the 1930s? |

|(4) increased Social Security payments |(1) passing the Neutrality Acts |

| |(2) creating the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) |

|73. Congress opposed President Franklin D. |(3) deciding to create the United Nations |

|Roosevelt’s plan to increase the number of |(4) joining the Allied powers |

|justices on the Supreme Court because the plan would have | |

|(1) threatened the principle of checks and | |

|balances | |

|(2) abolished judicial review | |

|(3) violated the elastic clause of the Constitution | |

|(4) given the federal government too much | |

|power over the states |76. Which statement best explains why the United States mainland |

| |suffered minimal physical damage in both World War I and World War II?|

|74. The Neutrality Acts of 1935–1937 were primarily designed to |(1) The United States policy of isolationism discouraged attacks by |

|(1) avoid policies that had led to United States involvement in World |other countries. |

|War I |(2) Geographic location kept the United States protected from most of |

|(2) halt the spread of communism in the Western Hemisphere |the fighting. |

|(3) promote United States membership in the League of Nations |(3) United States military fortifications prevented attacks on United |

|(4) stop Japan from attacking United States |States soil. |

|territories in the Far East |(4) Latin America provided a buffer zone from acts of aggression by |

| |other countries. |

|75. In Korematsu v. United States (1944), the | |

|Supreme Court said that the removal of Japanese Americans from their |77. President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Good |

|homes was constitutional because |Neighbor policy was designed mainly to |

|(1) most Japanese Americans were not United States citizens |(1) reduce border conflicts with Canada |

|(2) many Japanese Americans refused to serve in the United States |(2) increase acceptance of minorities within the United States |

|Armed Forces |(3) encourage Germany and the Soviet Union to resolve their |

|(3) this type of action was necessary during a national emergency |differences |

|(4) there was strong evidence of significant |(4) improve relations with Latin America |

|Japanese sabotage on the West Coast | |

| |78. One result of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal was that |

| |it |

| |(1) raised the national debt |

| |(2) weakened labor unions |

|80. United States foreign policy changed following World War II as the|(3) deregulated the stock market |

|United States |(4) repealed federal antitrust laws |

|(1) became more involved in world affairs | |

|(2) returned to a policy of isolationism |79. In which pair of events is the second event a response to the |

|(3) rejected membership in the United Nations |first? |

|(4) pursued a policy of appeasement toward the Soviet Union |(1) Truman Doctrine → D-Day Invasion |

| |(2) Manhattan Project → Lend-Lease Act |

|81. The march of the “Bonus Army” and referring to shantytowns as |(3) Holocaust → Nuremberg War Crimes trials |

|“Hoovervilles” in the early 1930s illustrate |(4) Germany’s invasion of Poland → Munich Conference |

|(1) growing discontent with Republican efforts to deal with the Great | |

|Depression | |

|(2) state projects that created jobs for the | |

|unemployed | |

|(3) federal attempts to restore confidence in the American economy | |

|(4) the president’s success in solving social problem | |

| | |

|82. The New Deal programs of President Franklin D. Roosevelt changed | |

|the United States economy by | |

|(1) restoring the principle of a balanced budget |84. Which statement most accurately describes the foreign policy |

|(2) expanding the trustbusting practices of |change made by the United States between the start of World War II |

|Progressive Era presidents |(1939) and the attack on Pearl Harbor (1941)? |

|(3) encouraging greater production of agricultural goods |(1) The traditional isolationism of the United States was |

|(4) increasing government involvement with |strengthened. |

|both business and labor |(2) The nation shifted from neutrality to military support for the |

| |Allies. |

|83. A main purpose of government-ordered rationing during World War II|(3) War was declared on Germany but not on Japan. |

|was to |(4) Financial aid was offered to both the Allied and Axis powers. |

|(1) increase foreign trade | |

|(2) limit the growth of industry |85. During President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s administration, the |

|(3) conserve raw materials for the war effort |Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and the Securities and |

|(4) encourage women to enter the workforce |Exchange Commission (SEC) were created as a way to |

| |(1) provide jobs to those who were unemployed |

| |(2) raise revenue for relief and recovery |

| |programs |

| |(3) limit risks associated with savings and |

| |investments |

| |(4) implement the new income tax amendment |

| | |

|87. “…The Director of the War Relocation Authority is authorized and |86. “Arms Sales to Warring Nations Banned” |

|directed to formulate and effectuate [implement] a program for the |“Americans Forbidden to Travel on Ships of Warring Nations” |

|removal, from the areas designated from time to time by the Secretary |“Loans to Nations at War Forbidden” |

|of War or appropriate military commander under the authority of |“War Materials Sold Only on Cash-and-Carry Basis” |

|Executive Order No. 9066 of February 19, 1942, of the persons or |These headlines from the 1930s reflect the efforts of the United |

|classes of persons designated under such Executive Order, and for |States to |

|their relocation, maintenance, and supervision…” |(1) maintain freedom of the seas |

|~ Executive Order 9102, March 18, 1942 |(2) send military supplies to the League of |

|Shortly after this executive order was signed, federal government |Nations |

|authorities began to |(3) limit the spread of international communism |

|(1) move Japanese Americans to internment |(4) avoid participation in European wars |

|camps | |

|(2) deport German and Italian aliens | |

|(3) detain and interrogate Chinese immigrants | |

|(4) arrest the individuals who planned the attack on Pearl Harbor |90. “…The people of Europe who are defending themselves do not ask us |

| |to do their fighting. They ask us for the implements of war, the |

|88. Which statement about Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal program is |planes, the tanks, the guns, the freighters which will enable them to |

|most accurate? |fight for their liberty and for our security. Emphatically we must get|

|(1) Protective tariff rates increased. |these weapons to them, get them to them in sufficient volume and |

|(2) Social welfare programs were expanded. |quickly enough, so that we and our children will be saved the agony |

|(3) Government regulation of business was reduced. |and suffering of war which others have had to endure…” |

|(4) Government support of environmental conservation ended. |~ President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s “Fireside Chat,” December 29, |

| |1940 |

|89. Which factor contributed to the internment of Japanese Americans | |

|during World War II? |In this statement, President Franklin D. |

|(1) labor shortage during the war |Roosevelt was asking the nation to |

|(2) influence of racial prejudice |(1) support a declaration of war against Nazi Germany |

|(3) increase of terrorist activities on the West Coast |(2) adopt a policy of containment |

|(4) fear of loss of jobs to Japanese workers |(3) join the League of Nations |

| |(4) become the “arsenal of democracy” |

| | |

| |91. Following World War II, Eleanor Roosevelt was most noted for her |

| |(1) support of racial segregation in the United States military |

| |(2) role in creating the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human|

| |Rights |

| |(3) opposition to the Truman Administration |

| |(4) efforts to end the use of land mines |

| | |

| |92. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and the |

| |Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), established during the New |

| |Deal, were important because they |

| |(1) increased the supply of money in the |

| |economy |

| |(2) guaranteed loans to failing businesses and banks |

| |(3) attempted to restore public confidence in |

| |financial institutions |

| |(4) provided grants to unemployed workers |

[pic]

93. Many Americans responded to photographs such as this by

(1) Opposing government subsidies for low-income housing

(2) Petitioning Congress to decrease funding for the Veterans Administration

(3) Demanding legislation to increase the power of the military

(4) Criticizing the government for its treatment of World War I veterans

94. At the beginning of World War II, national debate focused on whether the United States should continue the policy of

(1) Coexistence (3) imperialism

(2) Containment (4) isolationism

95. Before entering World War II, the United States acted as the “arsenal of democracy” by

(1) Creating a weapons stockpile for use after the war

(2) Financing overseas radio broadcasts in support of democracy

(3) Providing workers for overseas factories

(4) Supplying war materials to the Allies

96. One reason the Nuremberg trials following World War II were held was to

(1) Bring Hitler, Mussolini, and Tojo to justice

(2) Force Japan to pay for the attack on Pearl Harbor

(3) Make German leaders accountable for the Holocaust

(4) Punish the German government for bombing England

[pic]

97. The main purpose of the World War II coupons shown in this illustration was to

(1) Choose men for the draft

(2) Conserve essential goods for military use

(3) Encourage increased production of consumer goods

(4) Pay defense contractors for military hardware

98. A controversial issue that resulted from World War II was the

(1) Future role of the League of Nations

(2) Morality of nuclear warfare

(3) Commitment of troops without congressional approval

(4) Civilian control of the military

99. A lasting effect of the New Deal has been a belief that government should

(1) Own the principal means of producing goods and services

(2) Allow natural market forces to determine economic conditions

(3) Maintain a balanced federal budget during hard economic times

(4) Assume responsibility for the well-being of its citizens

100. The Neutrality Acts passed by Congress in the mid-1930s were efforts to

(1) Avoid mistakes that led the country into World War I

(2) Create jobs for the unemployed in the military defense industry

(3) Support the League of Nations efforts to stop wars in Africa and Asia

(4) Help the democratic nations of Europe against Hitler and Mussolini

101. Why was the United States called the “arsenal of democracy” in 1940?

(1) The leaders in the democratic nations of Europe were educated in the United States.

(2) Most of the battles to defend worldwide democracy took place on American soil.

(3) The United States supervised elections in European nations before the war.

(4) The United States provided much of the weaponry needed to fight the Axis powers.

[pic]

102. The cartoonist is commenting on President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s efforts to

(1) Veto several bills sent him by Congress

(2) End New Deal programs

(3) Gain quick passage of his legislation

(4) Slow down the legislative process

[pic]

[pic]

104. In the cartoon, most of the “diseases” refer to the

(1) Military dictatorships of the 1930s

(2) Allied powers of World War II

(3) Nations banned from the United Nations after World War II

(4) Communist bloc countries in the Cold War

105. Which action is most closely associated with the situation shown in the cartoon?

(1) Signing of the Atlantic Charter

(2) Passage of the Neutrality Acts of 1935–1937

(3) First fireside chat of Franklin D. Roosevelt

(4) Declaration of war on Japan

106. The decision of the Supreme Court in Korematsu v. United States (1944) upheld the power of the president during wartime to

(1) Ban terrorists from entering the country

(2) Limit a group’s civil liberties

(3) Stop mistreatment of resident legal aliens

(4) Deport persons who work for enemy nations

[pic]

107. What is the main idea of this cartoon?

(1) The legislative branch disagreed with the executive branch during the presidency of

Franklin D. Roosevelt.

(2) President Franklin D. Roosevelt wanted the Supreme Court to support his programs.

(3) Justices of the Supreme Court were not asked for their opinion about New Deal programs.

(4) The three branches of government agreed on the correct response to the Great Depression.

108. President Roosevelt responded to the situation illustrated in the cartoon by

(1) Calling for repeal of many New Deal programs

(2) Demanding popular election of members of the judicial branch

(3) Asking voters to elect more Democrats to Congress

(4) Proposing to increase the number of justices on the Supreme Court

[pic]

109. The use of this card, issued by the federal government, was intended to

(1) Help the automobile industry

(2) Support the troops in wartime

(3) Increase the use of gasoline

(4) Decrease the cost of automobiles

[pic]

[pic]

111. During World War II, posters like this were used to

(1) Prevent antiwar protests

(2) Recruit more women workers

(3) Convince women to enlist in the military services

(4) Gain acceptance for wartime rationing programs

112. Shortly after entering World War II, the United States began the Manhattan Project to

(1) Work on the development of an atomic bomb

(2) Increase economic production to meet wartime demands

(3) Defend New York City against a nuclear attack

(4) Recruit men for the military services

[pic]

113. Based on this cartoon, economic recovery would require

(1) Fewer regulations by the federal government

(2) Increased taxes on the working class

(3) More money in the hands of lower-income families

(4) Protective tariffs on foreign goods

114. The experiences of African Americans serving in the military forces during World War II influenced their postwar decision to

(1) Renew support for the principle of separate but equal

(2) Join the armed forces in record numbers

(3) Increase efforts to end racial discrimination

(4) Move back to the rural south

Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?

They used to tell me I was building a dream

And so I followed the mob.

When there was earth to plow or guns to bear,

I was always there, right on the job.

They used to tell me I was building a dream

With peace and glory ahead —

Why should I be standing in line, just waiting for bread?

Once I built a railroad, I made it run,

Made it race against time.

Once I built a railroad, now it’s done —

Brother, can you spare a dime? . . .

Once in khaki suits, gee, we looked swell

Full of that Yankee Doodle-de-dum.

Half a million boots went slogging through hell,

And I was the kid with the drum. . . .

— E. Y. Harburg and J. Gorney, 1932

115. Which statement most accurately expresses the main idea of this song?

(1) Railroad workers were often overpaid.

(2) The average wage in 1930 was 10 cents an hour.

(3) Soldiers never have difficulty finding jobs when they return from war.

(4) Hard times threaten economic opportunity.

116. Which program was created to deal with the problem identified in this song?

(1) Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)

(2) Works Progress Administration (WPA)

(3) Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

(4) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

(FDIC)

117. A primary objective of United States foreign policy during the 1930s was to

(1) Avoid involvement in Asian and European conflicts

(2) Protect business interests in Africa through direct intervention

(3) Strengthen international peacekeeping organizations

(4) Acquire overseas land as colonies

118. Which action by President Franklin D. Roosevelt challenged the principle of checks and balances?

(1) Frequently vetoing New Deal legislation

(2) Trying to increase the number of justices on the Supreme Court

(3) Taking over the Senate’s treaty ratification power

(4) Desegregating defense industries

[pic]

119. These posters were used during World War II to encourage women to

(1) Serve in the armed forces (3) buy war bonds

(2) Exercise their vote (4) contribute to the war effort

[pic]

[pic]

121. The main idea of the cartoon is that the New Deal

(1) Threatens the Constitution and the American people

(2) Threatens the two-party political system

(3) Provides American citizens with greater political freedom

(4) Provides protection from foreign tyranny

122. During World War II, many Japanese Americans living on the West Coast were relocated to detention centers primarily because they

(1) Were known spies for Japan

(2) Were seen as a security threat

(3) Refused to serve in the United States military

(4) Expressed their support for Italy and Germany

123. To help pay for World War II, the United States government relied heavily on the

(1) Money borrowed from foreign governments

(2) Sale of war bonds

(3) Sale of United States manufactured goods to neutral nations

(4) Printing of additional paper money

[pic]

124. Which feature of life on the home front during World War II is most clearly illustrated by this 1944 cartoon?

(1) Food rationing

(2) Housing shortages

(3) Juvenile delinquency

(4) Conserving natural resources

125. Which conditions are most characteristic of an economic depression?

(1) High unemployment and overproduction

(2) Large business investments and low taxes

(3) Too much money in circulation and high stock prices

(4) High employment and increased real estate investments

126. During World War II, the federal government used rationing to

(1) Hold down prices of military weapons

(2) Increase educational benefits for veterans

(3) Increase imports of scarce products

(4) Provide more resources for the military

[pic]

127. Which statement about President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s plans for a second term most accurately expresses the main idea of the cartoon?

(1) Congress will give President Roosevelt a free hand to lead the nation.

(2) The American people will trust Congress to control President Roosevelt.

(3) President Roosevelt will seek direction from the people.

(4) The Great Depression will no longer be a serious concern.

128. The New Deal tried to solve many problems of the Great Depression by

(1) Providing federal aid to many sectors of the economy

(2) Reducing taxes on big business to stimulate job creation

(3) Lowering federal spending to maintain a balanced budget

(4) Decreasing foreign competition by raising tariffs

[pic]

129. The cartoonist is commenting on President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s efforts to

(1) Win congressional approval for his Supreme Court nominees

(2) Gain Supreme Court support for his legislative program

(3) Set up a retirement plan for Supreme Court Justices

(4) Keep members of Congress off the Supreme Court

130. …I also ask this Congress for authority and for funds sufficient to manufacture additional munitions and war supplies of many kinds, to be turned over to those nations which are now in actual war with aggressor nations. Our most useful and immediate role is to act as an arsenal for them as well as for ourselves. They do not need man power, but they do need billions of dollars worth of the weapons of defense. The time is near when they will not be able to pay for them all in ready cash. We cannot, and we will not, tell them that they must surrender, merely because of present inability to pay for the weapons which we know they must have…

~ President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Annual Message to Congress, January 6, 1941

Which program was President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposing in this speech?

(1) Fair Deal (3) Lend-Lease

(2) Great Society (4) Cash and Carry

[pic]

131. This World War II cartoon was used to encourage Americans to

(1) Buy war bonds

(2) Conserve natural resources

(3) Serve in the armed forces

(4) Work in war industries

[pic]

132. Which constitutional amendment was adopted in response to the issue raised on this postcard?

(1) Graduated income tax

(2) Direct election of United States senators

(3) Ban on poll taxes in presidential elections

(4) Limit on the number of years a president can Serve

[pic]

133. What is the main idea of this 1939 political cartoon?

(1) Great Britain and France do not want the United States to enter World War II.

(2) The United States should remain isolated from the war in Europe to preserve democracy.

(3) The survival of democracy requires that the United States enter the war.

(4) The United States believes there is no real threat to democracy.

134. Which action is most consistent with the viewpoint expressed by this cartoonist?

(1) Passing the Neutrality Acts

(2) Negotiating the Destroyers for Naval Bases deal

(3) Joining the League of Nations

(4) Signing the Atlantic Charter

135. President Franklin D. Roosevelt tried to pack the United States Supreme Court, but Congress did not support him. This situation is an example of

(1) Congress undermining the separation of powers

(2) The president using the unwritten constitution

(3) The use of the system of checks and balances

(4) How federalism was preserved by one branch of government

[pic]

136. In which geographic region of the nation was this 1935 photograph taken?

(1) New England (3) Pacific Northwest

(2) Southeast (4) Great Plains

137. The conditions shown in the photograph were mainly the result of

(1) Government subsidies to increase crop production

(2) Migrations from farms to cities

(3) Poor farming methods and sustained drought

(4) Reduced tariffs on farm machinery and crops

[pic]

138. What is the most likely explanation for the changes in income shown in the chart?

(1) World War II veterans benefited from an economic boom following the war.

(2) Conversion to a wartime economy created new jobs.

(3) New laws were passed that permitted child labor in wartime.

(4) Membership in labor unions was prohibited during wartime.

[pic]

139. Which statement most accurately expresses the viewpoint of the cartoonist?

(1) New Deal programs are endangering the country.

(2) Most Americans support New Deal programs.

(3) Supreme Court decisions are overturning New Deal programs.

(4) New Deal programs emphasize health care reforms.

[pic]

Base your answers to questions 141 and 142 on the song lyrics below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Dust Storm Disaster

On the 14th day of April of 1935,

There struck the worst of dust storms that ever filled the sky.

You could see that dust storm comin’, the cloud looked deathlike black,

And through our mighty nation, it left a dreadful track.…

The storm took place at sundown, it lasted through the night,

When we looked out next morning, we saw a terrible sight.

We saw outside our window where wheat fields they had grown

Was now a rippling ocean of dust the wind had blown.

It covered up our fences, it covered up our barns,

It covered up our tractors in the wild and dusty storm.

We loaded our jalopies and piled our families in,

We rattled down that highway to never come back again.

~ Woody Guthrie

141. Which region of the United States was most directly affected by the situation described in this song?

(1) Southeast (3) Great Plains

(2) Great Lakes (4) Pacific Northwest

142. These song lyrics were written about people who became

(1) Sharecroppers in the South

(2) Migrant farm workers on the West Coast

(3) Fishermen in New England

(4) Coal miners in the Ohio River valley

143. New Deal programs such as the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) were primarily intended to help

(1) Farmers

(2) Homeowners

(3) Businesses

(4) Unemployed workers

144. Passage of the Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1937 indicated that the United States desired to

(1) Isolate itself from conflicts in Europe and Asia

(2) Form alliances to stop the aggression of dictators

(3) Expand trade outside the Western Hemisphere

(4) Support the policies of the League of Nations

[pic]

145. Which nations are represented by the two birds in this cartoon?

(1) Soviet Union and Great Britain

(2) United States and Soviet Union

(3) Germany and Great Britain

(4) United States and Germany

146. Which statement most accurately expresses the point of view of the cartoonist?

(1) Isolationism is the safest policy for these countries to follow.

(2) The United States is ignoring the threat caused by foreign aggression.

(3) Trade restrictions are more of a threat than leaders recognize.

(4) England can defend itself against Axis aggression.

147. In the 1944 case Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled that wartime conditions justified the

(1) Use of women in military combat

(2) Ban against strikes by workers

(3) Limitations placed on civil liberties

(4) Reduction in the powers of the president

[pic]

148. The cartoon illustrates President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s dissatisfaction with

(1) Congress leading the nation into World War II

(2) Congress resisting proposals to strengthen the navy

(3) New Deal programs being declared unconstitutional

(4) Being unable to appoint minorities to the Supreme Court

149. Congress refused to enact President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s court-packing plan because the plan

(1) Threatened to upset the constitutional system of checks and balances

(2) Entrusted too much power to the judicial branch

(3) Called for an increase in income taxes

(4) Required passage of a constitutional amendment

[pic]

150. The change in the rate of unemployment between 1941 and 1942 is best explained by the

(1) Response of President Herbert Hoover to the stock market crash

(2) Effects of the Wagner Act

(3) Passage of the National Recovery Act

(4) Entry of the United States into World War II

151. Which federal policy was enacted during World War II and justified as a wartime necessity?

(1) A ban on German-language books

(2) Internment of Japanese Americans

(3) Exclusion of Chinese immigrants

(4) Adoption of the quota system of immigration

[pic]

152. This World War II poster recognizes the

(1) Return of women to the workforce after the war

(2) Contributions of women to wartime defense

(3) Role of women as military officers

(4) Legal equality of women

153. In 1944, Congress enacted the GI Bill of Rights in order to

(1) Provide economic aid to veterans

(2) Reduce military expenditures

(3) Ban racial segregation in the armed forces

(4) Create government jobs for returning soldiers

154. The National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) of 1935 strengthened labor unions because it legalized

(1) Collective bargaining (3) the open shop

(2) Blacklisting (4) the sit-down strike

[pic]

155. The cooperation mentioned in the poster was intended to be between

(1) Business and government

(2) Consumers and producers

(3) Workers and retirees

(4) Socialists and capitalists

[pic]

[pic]

157. What was the most likely cause of the election results shown on the map?

(1) Most voters blamed President Herbert Hoover for the Great Depression.

(2) It is difficult to defeat an incumbent president.

(3) Franklin D. Roosevelt had more business experience than Herbert Hoover.

(4) Republican Party popularity had been declining for several elections.

158. During World War II, posters of Rosie the Riveter were used to

(1) Recruit women into wartime industries

(2) Encourage women to serve in the armed forces

(3) Promote women’s suffrage

(4) Support higher education for women

159. What was one result of World War II?

(1) The arms race ended.

(2) The Cold War ended.

(3) Communism was eliminated.

(4) Two superpowers emerged.

[pic]

160. This cartoon illustrates that President Franklin D. Roosevelt caused a controversy based on

(1) Increased military spending in the early 1930s

(2) A plan to assume some of the powers reserved to the states

(3) Efforts to counter the Dust Bowl with federal conservation measures

(4) Proposals that violated the principle of separation of powers

161. Convictions of war criminals by courts at Tokyo and Nuremberg following World War II showed that

(1) Government officials and military leaders could be held accountable for their actions

(2) The United Nations accepted responsibility for international peacekeeping

(3) The League of Nations could successfully enforce international law

(4) Nations that start wars would be forced to rebuild war-torn nations

162. Between 1934 and 1937, Congress passed a series of neutrality acts that were designed primarily to

(1) Strengthen the nation’s military defenses

(2) Provide aid to other democratic nations

(3) Create jobs for unemployed American workers

(4) Avoid mistakes that had led to American involvement in World War I

163. In the 1944 case Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled that wartime conditions justified the

(1) Use of women in military combat

(2) Ban against strikes by workers

(3) Limitations placed on civil liberties

(4) Reduction in the powers of the president

164. Critics charged that New Deal policies favored socialism because the federal government

(1) Took ownership of most major industries

(2) Favored farmers over workers and business owners

(3) Increased its responsibility for the welfare of the economy

(4) Declined to prosecute business monopolies

Word Bank: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Civilian Conservation Corps, John Steinbeck, Hoovervilles, Unconstitutional, Dust Bowl, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Twenty-second Amendment, Good Neighbor Policy, Increased

1- The __________ occurred during the drought years of the 1930s. From a climatic perspective, the 1930s drought is still considered to be the most severe on record for many parts of the Great Plains. The dry weather began in the early 1930s and persisted through the early 1940s for some areas, with the most intense drought years occurring in 1934 and 1936. As farmers of the Great Plains faced natural disasters in the 1930s, the effects were staggering. Since the 1870s, farmers had been tilling the Great Plains, cutting the grasses that covered the topsoil, and tapping underground water supplies. A series of droughts in the early 1930s dried up crops and topsoil, turning the soil into dust. Heavy winds destroyed harvests and carried soil away in huge clouds of dust that darkened their land.

2- Many farmers moved west to California. As __________ wrote in his 1939 novel The Grapes of Wrath: “And then the dispossessed were drawn west – from Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico; from Nevada and Arkansas, families, tribes, dusted out, tractored out.

3- By 1930 unemployment had risen, but President Herbert Hoover was opposed to direct relief (i.e. payments) to the unemployed because he believed such payments would undermine the American ideology of “rugged individualism.” Instead he proposed a national voluntary effort under federal government leadership. Hoover was convinced that when prices fell low enough, people would resume buying and employment would increase. Unfortunately, his predictions were incorrect. Later, Hoover did cut taxes, increased federal spending on public projects, and directed a federal agency to buy surplus farm crops. However, his policies were too little and too late. Shanty towns of the homeless and unemployed sarcastically called “_________,” sprang up on the outskirts of cities.

4- The Governor of New York, ___________, easily defeated Hoover in the Presidential election of 1932. Roosevelt promised Americans a “New Deal,” to put them back to work. The New Deal was a major turning point in American history. It established the principle that the federal government bears the chief responsibility for ensuring the smooth running of the American economy. He saw that the Great Depression was a national emergency. He believed the President’s task was to find a way for the economy to return to prosperity.

5- The New Deal marked an end to the long-held view that government and the economy should be separated. The New Deal permanently _________ the size and power of the federal government, making it primarily responsible for managing the nation’s economy.

6- As soon as President Roosevelt took office, he called Congress into special session and pushed through legislation in his first 100 days in office that would have been difficult to pass in less critical times. Roosevelt explained the New Deal measures in terms of three R’s – Relief, Recovery, and Reform. Relief measures were short-term actions to tide people over until the economy recovered. Over one-quarter of the nation’s workforce was unemployed. There was no unemployment insurance. Many people who were out of work had no food or shelter. Roosevelt favored giving people emergency public jobs. The ______________ (1933) gave jobs to young people, such as planting trees and cleaning up forests.

7- The Works Progress Administration (1935) created jobs by hiring artists, writers and musicians to paint murals, write plays and compose music. Both the C.C.C. and W.P.A. put Americans back to work. Recovery measures were designed to restore the economy by increasing incentives to produce and by rebuilding people’s purchasing power. The National Recovery Administration (1933) asked businesses to voluntarily follow codes which set prices, production limits and a minimum wage. However, in 1935, the Supreme Court found the N.R.A. __________. In the first Agricultural Adjustment Act (A.A.A.), the government paid farmers to plant less in hope of increasing crop prices. In 1936, the Supreme Court declared the A.A.A. unconstitutional. In 1938, the second A.A.A. succeeded in raising farm prices by having the government buy farm surpluses and sorting them until prices went up.

8- Important reform legislation during the New Deal included the ____________ or F.D.I.C. in 1933: the F.D.I.C. insured bank deposits so that people would not lose their savings in case a bank failed; the Securities and Exchange Commission (1934): it was created to oversee the operations of the stock market, prevent fraud, and guard against another stock market collapse; the National Labor Relations Act (1935): often called the Wagner Act, it gave workers the right to form unions to bargain collectively with their employer; and the Social Security Act (1935): it provided workers with unemployment insurance, old age pensions, and insurance if they died early.

9- Roosevelt broke with tradition and successfully ran for a third and even fourth term. In 1951, the ____________ was ratified in 1951, limiting future Presidents to no more than two elected terms.

10- Presidents Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt rejected Theodore Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” policy and tried to improve relations with Latin America. Under the “___________,” the U.S. agreed not to interfere in the internal affairs of Latin American nations.

-----------------------

103. Which factor contributed most to the situation shown in the cartoon?

h U=h U=5?CJOJQJaJh U=hHÌ5?CJOJQJaJhbFhbF5?CJOJQJaJh U=5?CJOJQJaJhHÌ5?CJOJQJaJhHÌhHÌ5?CJOJQJaJhbF5?CJOJQJaJ(1) Low tariff rates

(2) Shortages of consumer goods

(3) Nonregulation of banks

(4) Creation of a national bank

110. Which region of the United States suffered most directly from the Dust Bowl?

(1) Southwest

(2) Pacific Northwest

(3) Rocky Mountains

(4) Great Plains

120. This telegram was sent as a response to the

(1) Start of World War II

(2) Attack on Pearl Harbor

(3) Passage of a law to ban Japanese immigration

(4) Drafting of Japanese Americans into the military

140. During the 1930s, the conditions shown in this photograph occurred mainly

(1) On the Atlantic Coast

(2) On the Great Plains

(3) In the Rocky Mountains

(4) In the Pacific Northwest

141. Many farmers in the region affected by the conditions shown in this photograph reacted by

(1) Migrating to California

(2) Investing in better farm equipment

156. During World War II, this poster was used primarily to

(1) Contain the spread of communism

(2) Create jobs for the unemployed

(3) Gain financial support for the war

(4) Convince women to fill vacant factory jobs

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