Pittsford Central School District



CHAPTER 26 Name____________________________ Date _____________ WORLD WAR II 23648075292735SETTING THE STAGE FOR WAR 3THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES Leads to bitterness and resentment in _____________ Why? 45487138019737273863340867410WEAK LEAGUE OF NATIONSIneffectiveness No ______________of major conflicts.No progress in disarmament. No effective military force 6GREAT DEPRESSIONCaused by destruction during ____________Caused by reparationsImperialism (Ex: Japan and Manchuria, 1931/Italy and Ethiopia, 1935)RISE OF DICTATORS-520703810-4864103810-476255715-321945-7096760 Joseph StalinSoviet UnionCommunismBenito MussoliniItalyFascismHideki TojoEmpire of JapanAdolf HitlerGermany Nazi Party7MEET the DICTATORS-520703810-4864103810-476255715-321945-7096760 Joseph StalinSoviet UnionCommunismBenito MussoliniItalyFascismHideki TojoEmpire of JapanAdolf HitlerGermany Nazi Party8DICTATOR - held absolute ____________ over the individual person Totalitarian State - A single party controls the government and EVERY aspect of people’s lives. Criticism of the government is severely punished910224472530480Joseph StalinSoviet UnionCommunistTotalitarian Dictatorship Video: 10 Things About Stalin*Use of Secret Police*Russian people lived in poverty Video: Stalin bio2089785232410Benito Mussolini 11 12ItalyFascism A political movement that believed in a ___________ national government and a belief that foreigners and minorities were inferior. Video: Mussolini bio228981027305Hideki Tojo - Prime MinisterJapan - 1941PoliciesMilitarismExpand into ___________Video:Adolf HitlerGermany 2078990-5534025_____________ Party - National Socialist German Worker’s Party15HITLER: Rise to PowerEliminated his political ___________Took over governmentHow? Post WWI DepressionWWI SoldierBecame Führer of Germany1934-1945 Nazi Rally - 1937 202122232425Hitler’s GermanyVideo:Effective use of propagandaGerman student fights for Leader and PeopleAnti-Semitic PropagandaHitler ___________Nazi control over educationNazi beliefsNazi teachers26Nuremberg Laws1. According the German Government, who can be a German citizen? A person with German ____________, or relatives who were German, person who is loyal to the German government 2. How do the Nuremberg Laws define who is Jewish?A person who has mixed Jewish blood: at least 1 grandparent who were Jewish Member of the Jewish religion _____________ to a Jew Born to Jewish parents 3. What rights do the Nuremberg Laws take away from the Jews? Citizenship ______________ rightsHolding political office4. Why would it have been important for Hitler to take these rights away from the Jewish population? 3031323334MILITARISMWhy was it a problem that Hitler began building up the German Military? Violated the Treaty of _____________________The League of Nation disapproves of Hitler’s militarism but takes NO action. WHY?The League of Nations was following a policy of appeasement – 35APPEASEMENTAppeasement failed to stop HitlerAppeasement - policy where nations make concessions (something granted as a response to a demand) to an aggressive nation in order to avoid warThey give in to demands in order to maintain _______________Policy of Appeasement cartoon 37AGGRESSIONAny ______________ act by one country against another without just cause3049905-5581653839Munich Agreement-4127536195France & Britain agreed to let ___________ have control of the Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia) if he promised to stop his aggression The Munich Agreement is an example of what foreign policy? ________________________40414243World War II: The StartSeptember 1, 1939 - Germany invades Poland, a violation of the Munich AgreementBritain and France declare war on Germany Immediate cause of WWII: _____________________invasion of Poland Video:In April 1940, Hitler conquered Denmark & Norway463588385-745490BLITZKRIEGUsed by ____________________________military____________ strikes of air and land power using troops, tanks, planes Because of its speed, this strategy was called lightning war *France surrendered in June of 1940 and would be occupied by Germany for the remainder of the war4950515253-3810024765The Battle of Britain “We shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be”-Winston Churchill (Prime Minister of Great Britain) Now Britain is all ____________!Battle of Britain : “The Blitz”VideoThe London “Tube”:Air Raid Shelters during the Blitz54US RESPONSE TO WWII55565758US remains NEUTRALWhy would the U.S. not want to get involved in war in Europe? Most Americans wanted to stay out of ____________ affairsUS fought in WWI for democracy, yet imperialism still existedUS had its own problems at home-the Great Depression 59Europe begins to fall to Germany…British stand alone…Germany invades Britain in 1940- Battle of BritainChurchill pleads for help from __________________ 60Cash & Carry 1939:Give supplies to warring countries “If you want it you have to come pick it up on your ships” Final attempt to stay neutralDestroyer Loan- 1940 50 destroyers leased to __________Lend-Lease Act – Allows the sale or loans to any country the president deems “appropriate” (Allied Powers) 63Japan and the USThe U.S. placed an oil embargo on Japan to stop Japanese _____________________…. 6465December 7, 1941-Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii "Yesterday, December 7, 1941 -- a date which will live in infamy -- the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.“-FDR Videos: in infamy – “with a bad name”66US ENTERS THE WARDecember 7, 1941-Japan attacks Pearl Harbor, HawaiiDecember 8, 1941-FDR asked Congress to ________________ _________ on JapanDecember 11, 1941-Italy and Germany declare war on the U.S. Back on the Homefront…67Enlistment and PatriotismThe American military was not prepared for an all out war. The U.S. calls on American men to _______________. (join the army)The government is overwhelmed by the number that decide to join68Shift in ProductionAmerican Industry had to go from peace time production to _________ time production GM, Ford, and Chrysler went from creating cars to tanks.Boeing from regular airplanes to bombers and fighter jets.Gun makers like Colt, from hunting rifles to machine guns, flamethrowers, war rifles. 69War ProductionIn full war mode, the U.S. was producing weapons faster than anybody around thought that it would or could. In one month, the U.S. was able to produce up to 4,000 tanks and 4,500 planes. 70CONTRIBUTIONS OF LABORBy 1944, nearly 18 million workers were laboring in war industries (3x the # in 1941) More than 6 million were women and nearly 2 million were minority.5483860-849058571-495305080Just like in WWI…RationingVictory gardensWar ____________Video: Bugs Bunny war bonds Collection Drives74757677787980473583053340Executive Order 9066February 19th 1942: Executive Order 9066 moved 120,000 Japanese Americans from their homes into internment camps. The US justified their action by claiming there was a ____________ of Japanese Americans spying for JapanMore than 2/3 of those interned were American citizens and 1/2 of them were children. Internment LifeLife in the camps was hard. They were only were allowed to bring what they could _____________They were housed in barracks(_________________) and had to use communal (_________________) areas for washing, laundry and eating. What did the Japanese Americans do while in the camps?Korematsu V. United StatesFred Korematsu refuses to leave his home-arrestedargues the order was unconstitutional because it was based on ______________Court ruled it was militarily necessary and constitutional1988 President Reagan apologizes and awards $20,000 to Japanese interned during the war. The Century video82WORLD WAR II: In Europe83848586D-Day – Operation Overlord (June 6th, 1944)4301490952500American and British forces land on the beaches of Normandy, and gain a foothold in FranceGen. Eisenhower Gives the Orders for D-Day [“Operation Overlord”] 293116097155Normandy LandingVideo: Saving Private Ryan21113753035308788BATTLE OF THE BULGE*German counter-attack against American and British forces* Despite heavy casualties, the _____________ line holds * Last serious Nazi threatVideo: Band of Brothers89German Defeat*As Soviet forces approached Berlin, Hitler committed suicide on April 30th, 1945*Germany surrendered to the allies on May 7th, 1945 (V-E Day)*V(ictory-E(urope) Day (May 8, 1945)Horrors of the Holocaust ExposedMore than 6-11 million people were killedJews, Gypsies, homosexuals, mentally disabled“_____________ Solution” Videos96Pacific Theater of OperationsBataan Death March: April, 194276,000 prisoners [12,000 Americans] Marched 60 miles in the blazing heat to POW camps in the Philippines.Video:Allied Counter-Offensive:“Island-Hopping”99004106941379590Battle of Midway Island:June 4-6, 1942video01Japanese Kamikaze Planes:The Scourge of the South PacificKamikaze pilots_______________ bombers02Battle of Iwo JimaUS Marines on Mt. Surbachi, Iwo Jima [Feb. 19, 1945]03045151755178435The Beginning of the Atomic AgeDeveloped by the top-secret Manhattan Project0506Hiroshima – August 6, 1945 “Little Boy” - dropped by the Enola Gay on Hiroshima 70,000 killed immediately. 48,000 buildings destroyed.100,000s died of radiation poisoning & cancer later. Nagasaki – August 9, 1945“Fat Man” Dropped on Nagasaki 40,000 killed immediately.60,000 injured.100,000s died of radiation poisoning& cancer later.09Japanese “A-bomb” survivorsVideo1011V-J Day5104130-254635V(ictory)-J(apan) Day (September 2, 1945)12Japanese POWs, Guam139525332105Yalta Conference – February 1945Leaders of the three allied nations agreed to divide Germany into zones of occupation controlled by the __________________Poland and the Soviets in the EastThe US and Britain in the WestPotsdam Conference (July, 1945)Meant to reaffirm decisions made at the Yalta Conference Allies set up new system of rule in Germany:1. Nazi Party outlawed2. ______________________ Germany383349513017515WWII Casualties16Massive Human Dislocations17The Division of Europe: The Beginning of the Cold War18The Division of Germany:1945 – 1990Creation of the United NationsCurrently 193 nations20Nuremberg War Trials:Members of the Nazi Party were charged with Crimes Against Humanity21222324REMEMBRANCE:Pearl Harbor National Park – USS Arizona1,177 Sailors and Marines were killed on the U.S.S. Arizona the morning of December 7, 1941. It was the most devastating and deadly attack on American soil until September 11, 2001. -49530-621030World War Two MemorialWashington, DC*opened April 2004*honors the 16 million who served and the 400,000 that died 4676775-1014095 ................
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