About the Tutorial
About the Tutorial
JDBC API is a Java API that can access any kind of tabular data, especially data stored in a Relational Database. JDBC works with Java on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various versions of UNIX.
Audience
This tutorial is designed for Java programmers who would like to understand the JDBC framework in detail along with its architecture and actual usage.
Prerequisites
Before proceeding with this tutorial, you should have a good understanding of Java programming language. As you are going to deal with RDBMS, you should have prior exposure to SQL and Database concepts.
Copyright & Disclaimer
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Table of Contents
About the Tutorial .....................................................................................................................................i Audience .................................................................................................................................................... i Prerequisites .............................................................................................................................................. i Copyright & Disclaimer ..............................................................................................................................i Table of Contents......................................................................................................................................ii
1. INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................1
What is JDBC? ...........................................................................................................................................1 Pre-Requisite ............................................................................................................................................1 JDBC Architecture .....................................................................................................................................1 Common JDBC Components......................................................................................................................2 The JDBC 4.0 Packages ..............................................................................................................................3
2. SQL SYNTAX ..........................................................................................................................4
Create Database .......................................................................................................................................4 Drop Database ..........................................................................................................................................4 Create Table..............................................................................................................................................4 Drop Table ................................................................................................................................................5 INSERT Data ..............................................................................................................................................5 SELECT Data ..............................................................................................................................................5 UPDATE Data ............................................................................................................................................6 DELETE Data..............................................................................................................................................6
3. ENVIRONMENT .....................................................................................................................8
Install Java ................................................................................................................................................8 Install Database ........................................................................................................................................8 Install Database Drivers ............................................................................................................................9
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Set Database Credential............................................................................................................................9 Create Database .......................................................................................................................................9 Create Table............................................................................................................................................10 Create Data Records ...............................................................................................................................11
4. SAMPLE CODE.....................................................................................................................12
Creating JDBC Application.......................................................................................................................12 Sample Code ...........................................................................................................................................12
5. DRIVER TYPES......................................................................................................................16
What is JDBC Driver?...............................................................................................................................16 JDBC Drivers Types..................................................................................................................................16 Which Driver should be Used? ................................................................................................................19
6. CONNECTIONS .................................................................................................................... 20
Import JDBC Packages.............................................................................................................................20 Register JDBC Driver ...............................................................................................................................20 Database URL Formulation .....................................................................................................................22 Create Connection Object .......................................................................................................................22 Closing JDBC Connections .......................................................................................................................24
7. STATEMENTS ...................................................................................................................... 25
The Statement Objects ...........................................................................................................................25 The PreparedStatement Objects .............................................................................................................29 Prepare - Example Code ..........................................................................................................................31 The CallableStatement Objects ...............................................................................................................34
8. RESULT SETS ....................................................................................................................... 40
Type of ResultSet ....................................................................................................................................40 Concurrency of ResultSet ........................................................................................................................41
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Navigating a Result Set ...........................................................................................................................41 Navigate - Example Code ........................................................................................................................43 Viewing a Result Set ...............................................................................................................................46 Viewing - Example Code..........................................................................................................................47 Updating a Result Set..............................................................................................................................51 Updating - Example Code........................................................................................................................52
9. DATA TYPES ........................................................................................................................ 58
Date & Time Data Types..........................................................................................................................60 Handling NULL Values .............................................................................................................................62
10. TRANSACTIONS ...................................................................................................................63
Commit & Rollback .................................................................................................................................63 Commit - Example Code ..........................................................................................................................64 Using Savepoints.....................................................................................................................................68 Savepoints - Example Code .....................................................................................................................69
11. EXCEPTIONS ........................................................................................................................ 74
SQLException Methods ...........................................................................................................................74
12. BATCH PROCESSING............................................................................................................78
Batching with Statement Object .............................................................................................................78 Batching - Example Code.........................................................................................................................79 Batching with PrepareStatement Object.................................................................................................83 Batching - Example Code.........................................................................................................................85
13. STORED PROCEDURE ..........................................................................................................90
Creating CallableStatement Object .........................................................................................................90 Closing CallableStatement Object: ..........................................................................................................92 JDBC SQL Escape Syntax..........................................................................................................................92
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