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center5429250Name: ____________________________Date: ________Global History and GeographyThe new ways of thinking developed during the Scientific Revolution began to extend into other areas of life beyond that of just science. Scholars and philosophers began to re-think the old ideas about religion, economics, and education.In France, these social critics were known as “Philosophes.” For the most part, they were not professional philosophers, but rather self-appointed critics who believed that it was their duty to think critically. These thinkers were optimistic and believed that they lived in an exciting era of great change for humanity. 15906752106295The power to do or choose what you want to. A political right00The power to do or choose what you want to. A political right15906751830070The process of improving something over a period of time00The process of improving something over a period of time1581150963295Why someone does, thinks, or behaves a certain way00Why someone does, thinks, or behaves a certain way15811501544320The state of being happy00The state of being happy15811501268095The ways of thinking, feeling. Acting that is common to most people00The ways of thinking, feeling. Acting that is common to most people-9906039243000Hobbes and Locke:The Enlightenment started from key ideas put forth by two political thinkers of the 1600’s, Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. Both men experienced hardships in England early in that century (in the English civil war) but as a result, they developed very different ideas about government and human nature. Question: Why do people join society?Thomas Hobbes116967012446000John Locke12363457683500Thomas Hobbes expressed his views in a book called Leviathan. The horrors of the English Civil War convinced him that all humans were selfish and wicked.When men live without common power (order in society) to keep them all in order, they are in a condition which is called war … every man against every man. In such conditions, there is a fear of danger, violent death, and the life of men is poor, nasty, brutish, and short.John Locke wrote his views in a book called the Two Treaties on Government. Locke took on a more positive view of human nature. He believed that all people are born with three natural rights – life, liberty, and property.The reason men enter into society is the perseveration of their property; and the reason they make a government is so laws can be made, and rules set, to limit the power of every member of society. Directions: Explain each view of Locke and Hobbes in your own words:HobbesLockePeople are basically selfish and tend to be cruelPurpose of Government is to prevent anarchy and chaosPeople have no rights, unless they are lucky enough to get them from the governmentPeople have no rights to try and overthrow a cruel government, it will only lead to chaos, tyranny is better than anarchyPeople are reasonable and social, but self-interestedWe are not all saintsPurpose of Government: Protect natural rights of the peopleMen are born with natural rights to life, liberty, and propertyThe people have the right to overthrow their government if the government has violated their natural rights I agree more with … (include your reason in the box)Question: What is the ideal government?Thomas HobbesJohn LockeWritten WorkThe Social ContractProtection of the Peoples Natural RightsIdeasThe only way to create a government is to give the power and strength to one man … men will give up their right of governing oneself to this man. This is more than just giving up their individuality it is the real unity of them all. This is done, so united in one person, is called a commonwealth. Whenever the government tries to take away property of the people, or to reduce them to slavery, they out themselves into a state of war with the people who are then freed from any further obedience. People are right to put the laws in the hands of a government which will protect their rights.Directions: Explain each view of Locke and Hobbes in your own words:HobbesLockeSupported an absolute monarchy Purpose of Government is to prevent anarchy and chaosPurpose of Government: Protect natural rights of the peopleI agree more with … (include your reason in the box)-114300449580John Locke – we have a limited democracy. We elect politicians to represent us in government. As citizens of the US, we are guaranteed natural rights that cannot be taken away from us. If the people are unhappy with the current government, they have the right to overthrow it.00John Locke – we have a limited democracy. We elect politicians to represent us in government. As citizens of the US, we are guaranteed natural rights that cannot be taken away from us. If the people are unhappy with the current government, they have the right to overthrow it.Discussion: Who ideas most reflects our government in America today: Hobbes or Locke? Why? What would Locke and Hobbes think of us today?Directions: Look at the different issues below and with your group, decide how Locke and Hobbes would answer the question:IssueHobbesLocke67437025844500Should there be a military draft?63500267335Yes, an absolute monarch would do whatever is necessary to keep order020000Yes, an absolute monarch would do whatever is necessary to keep orderNo, to force a military draft would be a violation of natural rights and freedom.Should the government censor obscenity and violence in our music and movies?5981701377950063500220345Yes, an absolute monarch would do whatever is necessary to keep order020000Yes, an absolute monarch would do whatever is necessary to keep order-3175220345No, it is a violation of natural rights.020000No, it is a violation of natural rights.Should the police use any means necessary to prevent crime?702945711200082550193675Yes, an absolute monarch would do whatever is necessary to prevent anarchy and chaos 020000Yes, an absolute monarch would do whatever is necessary to prevent anarchy and chaos -3175222250Political Revolution should be allowed if the people are unhappy. 020000Political Revolution should be allowed if the people are unhappy. -1143050800004.Should the government eavesdrop on our phone calls, text messages, and email in order to preven terrorism?55245158750Yes, an absolute monarch would do whatever is necessary to prevent anarchy and chaos 020000Yes, an absolute monarch would do whatever is necessary to prevent anarchy and chaos 26670167640No, it is an invasion of privacy and a violation of natural rights. 020000No, it is an invasion of privacy and a violation of natural rights. ................
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