IJRAR Research Journal



Line Controlled Transport System Using RFID Shyamala Mathi1, Ritika Patil2, Riddhi Punyarthi3, Snehal Shikhare4, Harikrishnan Sreekumar51 Assistant Professor, 2345 B.E Students, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, SIES Graduate School of Technology, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, IndiaAbstract : The main aim of this paper is to design and deploy a smart robot bus attached to public transport vehicles. It provides an agenda for evaluation, planning and future improvement of the public transportation system. The limitation of conservative transportation system can be dazed by considering off-shelf technologies such as WiFi, GPS. The Line follower robot is a movable machine that can detect and follow the line drawn on the ground. Generally, the path is predefined and can be either visible like a black line on a white surface (reverse) with a high opposing color or it can be unseen like a magnetic field. this kind of Robot senses the line with its Infrared Ray (IR) sensors that are installed on it. Our paper concentrates on an automatic RFID based ticketing system along with the line follower. It uses GPS technology to track vehicle.Keywords: WiFi, Line Follower, RFID, GPS.________________________________________________________________________________________________________IntroductionTo make India paperless and cashless this project can be implemented. In this system we have used line follower in transport systems like buses and other vehicles. So, this will make the bus system driverless and by using RFID for ticketing system it will be cashless and paperless. Passengers does not need to keep the exact change for the ticket. Indeed, the number of vehicles’ GPS-enabled On-board Unit has sharply increased due to their vital and beneficial rules for GPS tracking devices stand at the core of the enabling perceive technologies for ITS applications and services. Both the vehicles and the drivers. GPS-based services include in-vehicle satellite navigation, vehicle security system, accident notification and tracking along with monitoring to name few GPS sensor and WIFI module are used to transfer the collected information to database storage. In the second phase, transmission, we transfer the information to a back-end server. The third phase is to search the bus geographical location at a given time with the trip on a map such as open street maps. , the line follower robot is one of the self-working machines that follow a line painted on the floor. The path can be a clear black line on a white surface (reverse). here the robot Records /the line position with optical sensors soldered at the front side of the robot. In most Applications, several numbers of photo-reflectors are used. Therefore, the line sensing process in line follower robot requires high resolution and high robust circuit.Making the robot move to track on the line any steering mechanism can be used. This is a servo operation which can operated using any method; actually, any phase operation will be required to stabilize tracking by applying digital PID filter or any other servo algorithm.GPS is one of the technologies that are used in many applications today. One of the applications is tracking your bus and keeping regularly check on them. This tracking system tells you the location and route traveled by the bus, and that information can be seen from any other location. The line follower robot using Node MCU is a self-working system that detects and follows track painted on the floor. The track consists of a black path painted on white surface. The speed is restricted during passing a curve due to the friction of the tire and the floor. The tracking and ticketing systems using RFID can be merged to solve the predominant problems. An RFID system consists of a tag, basically a microchip with an antenna and an reader with an antenna Monitoring the speed according to the lane condition. Even though the GPS based system can be planned, we propose the RFID based tickets for its low cost, easy operation, transferability, robustness, reliability and being much more user friendly. Public carrying RFID based electronic tickets will have admittance to any bus service of the city only entering his current location and his destination. The data will directly be transferred to the main database and the corresponding credit will be stored in the equivalent bus account. In this paper an effort has been made to design a system for the passengers who face problem in transport system and ticketing system. II. SYSTEM ARCHITECTUREIn Fig.1 the basic idea is about the working of system.. Microcontroller Atmega 328p is connected to GPS, RFID, LCD and Buzzer. The NodeMCU is connected to IR LED Pair and DC Motor.Figure.1: Block Diagram of proposed systemHardware and Software requirementsHardware Atmega 328pGPSLCDRFIDBuzzerNodeMCUIR SensorsDC Motor1. Atmega 328p: The AVR 8-bit microcontroller construction was presented in 1997. Through 2003, Atmel had transported 500 million AVR flash microcontrollers. AVR was alone of the first microcontroller families to use on chip?flash memory?aimed at program storage, as contrasting to?one-time programmable ROM,?EPROM, or else?EEPROM?used by further microcontrollers at the time.2. NODE MCU: The?Node McU?(Node Microcontroller Unit) is a low-cost open source platform. It is an open source software and hardware development environment, is built around a System-on-a Chip (Soc) called ESP8266. 3. RFID: Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a basic term for technologies that use radio waves to inevitably identify and track product, animal, or person by means of using RFID tags that are applied or fused on them. An RFID system contains of a tag, basically a microchip with an antenna and an interrogator or reader with an antenna.4. IR Sensors: Infrared technology addresses a wide diversity of wireless applications. The main areas are detecting and remote controls. In the electromagnetic range, the infrared share is divided into three areas: near infrared area, mid infrared area and far infrared area.5. BLYNK app: BLYNK app is a popular IoT platform used to connect with our devices, to the cloud, to design?apps?to control them, and to manage our deployed products at scale.Software:Arduino IDEBlynk AppMethodology We made line follower and GPS by using Node MCU and RFID tag programming using Atmega 382p with help of Arduino . In line follower side obstacle sensor is also used for bus stops because of which it is driverless. This obstacle sensor is also installed in front for safety. Whenever a person will come in front of bus it will stop. The Node MCU sends signal to the driver after processing the data received from sensors. The voltage to the motors are given according to the inputs. The diver gives positive voltage to one of the motor pins and gives negative voltage to another one in five states: 1. Both motors turn on and rotate forward simultaneously. (Move Forward) 2. The right motor turns on and the left motor turns off. (Move Left) 3. The left motor turns on and the right motor turns off. (Move Right) 4. The right motor is moved to forward and the left motor is moved backward. (Move Left Fast) 5. The left motor is moved forward and the right motor is moved backward. (Move Right Fast) We have use three wheels. Two of them are attached to the motors and installed near the robot and the other wheel is free and installed in front of the robot as a passive caster. GPS is also added here using app. We have used blink software for app. In this app the passengers have to use internet to get location. When a passenger will ask for location the GPS installed in bus will try to get location and will send it to passenger. Figure 2:-RFID Flow Chart The above shown RFID flowchart shows the process of how the passengers balance is deducted. Here the individual passenger will have their unique ID which will have number of counts and the counts will be deducted according to the round trip. When passenger will start his/her journey he/she has to swap the card and one count will be deducted and the receiver will wait for another card. These tags have unique number which have same frequency and are saved in database if another tag of different frequency which is not saved in database tries to swap the receiver will deny it and reject the card.V. Result and DiscussionFigure 3: Line FollowerFigure 4: Read Tag Figure 5 : Card From Database Figure 6:- Rejected TagVI. Future ScopeThe project can be further extended by using SIM card for messaging and to locate the location of the passenger. And RFID tags can be increased and the number of database also.VII>REFERENCESSaedTarapiah Telecommunication Engineering Dept. Public Transportation Management System based on GPS/WIFI and Open Street Maps, An-Najah National University Nablus,PalestineShadiAtallaLavoroAutonomo (LA) Torino Italy(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2015.Perspective Megacity Piyush Chandra1 ,RFID-based Ticketing for Public Transport System: Electronics, Bvducoe Pune, India Prakhar Soni2 Electronics, Bvducoe Pune, India Rakesh Kumar Keshari3 Electronics, Bvducoe Pune, May 2014 International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies Research Paper , IndiaVolume 2, Issue 5.Vinay Babu Kosaraju , Reddy Kaitha 1 , Bala Naga VamsidharGrandhi 2 , VinayBabuKosaraju 3IRA Digital Wallet System for Smart Ticketing Vinay Kumar Reddy Kaitha 1 , Bala Naga VamsidharGraIRA-International Journal of Technology & Engineering ISSN 2455-4480; Vol.05, Issue 01 (2016).[1] Venugopal Prasanth, Hari Prasad R., K.P. Soman, "Ticketing Solutions for Indian Railways Using RFID Technology," act, pp.217-219, 2009 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Control, and Telecommunication Technologies, 2009 [1]W. Wang, J. P. Attanucci, and N. H.M. Wilson, ―Bus passenger origindestination estimation and related analyses using automated data collection systems,‖ J. Public Transp., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 131–150, 2011.J. B. Gordon, ―Intermodal passenger flows on London’s public transport network: Automated inference of full passenger journeys using fare transaction and vehicle-location data,‖ M.S. thesis, Dept. Urban Stud. Plann.,Mass. Inst. Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA, 2012. ................
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