© Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2005 04-319 ISBN 0-7794 ...

[Pages:112]Kindergarten to Grade 3

Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Organization and Features of This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

1. Overview of Effective Instruction in Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 The Goals of Writing Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 The Stages of Writing Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 Becoming an Effective Writer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.10 Five Key Instructional Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.22 Setting High Expectations for All Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.22 The Role of Technology in Writing Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.23 Planning and Classroom Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.24 A Framework for Effective Early Writing Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . 1.25 Thumbnails of Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.26 Appendix 1-1: Some Suggested Picture Books for Teaching the Elements of Writing References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.27

2. Modelled Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 The Frequency of Modelled Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 The Role and Responsibilities of the Teacher in Modelled Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 Teaching Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 Sample Lessons Sample Modelled Writing Lesson: Kindergarten . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8

Une publication ?quivalente est disponible en fran?ais sous le titre suivant : Guide d'enseignement efficace de l'?criture, de la maternelle ? la 3e ann?e.

3. Shared Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 The Frequency of Shared Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Roles and Responsibilities in Shared Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Similarities and Differences in Shared and Interactive Writing . . . 3.5 Teaching Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 Sample Lessons Sample Shared Writing Lesson: Grade 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8

4. Interactive Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 The Frequency of Interactive Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Roles and Responsibilities in Interactive Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 Teaching Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 Sample Lessons Sample Interactive Writing Lesson: Grade 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9

5. Guided Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 The Frequency of Guided Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 Roles and Responsibilities in Guided Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 How Group Members Are Selected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 Teaching Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 Activities for the Rest of the Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 Sample Lessons Sample Guided Writing Lesson: Grade 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9

6. Independent Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 The Frequency of Independent Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 Roles and Responsibilities in Independent Writing . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 Independent Writing and the Writing Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 Sample Lessons Sample Independent Writing Lesson: Writing Workshop, Grade 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 Sample Independent Writing Lesson: Persuasive Writing, Grade 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.11

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A Guide to Effective Instruction in Writing, Kindergarten to Grade 3

Thumbnails of Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.15 Appendix 6-1: Writing Workshop "Where We're At" Chart Appendix 6-2: Writing Workshop "Where I'm At" Chart Appendix 6-3: Sample Writing Conference Record Appendix 6-4: Independent Writing Revising and Editing Checklist Appendix 6-5: Writing Self-Assessment Form Appendix 6-6: Persuasive Letter Planner Appendix 6-7: Persuasive Letter Revising and Editing Checklist References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.18

7. Assessment and Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 Categories of Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 Assessment Strategies and Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 Assessment Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7 Exemplars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 Assessing Writing Across the Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 Report Card Evaluation of Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 Thumbnails of Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.10 Appendix 7-1: Writing Interview Form Appendix 7-2: Writing Skills Checklist Appendix 7-3: Portfolio Assessment Forms

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.12

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GL.1

Contents

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Preface

A Guide to Effective Instruction in Writing, Kindergarten to Grade 3, 2005 is designed to provide classroom teachers of Kindergarten to Grade 3 with practical approaches and resources for delivering an effective writing program. The document is intended to supplement A Guide to Effective Instruction in Reading, Kindergarten to Grade 3, 2003, published by the Ontario Ministry of Education. Research indicates that, because reading and writing are interdependent, students' learning in one area supports their learning in the other. This guide complements and builds on material in the reading instruction guide, to help teachers plan programs that will enhance students' overall literacy development.

Organization and Features of This Guide

This guide has seven chapters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of effective writing instruction. Subsequent chapters address the five key instructional approaches of an effective writing program: modelled writing, shared writing, interactive writing, guided writing, and independent writing A final chapter discusses assessment and evaluation. A glossary of terms used in this guide is provided at the end of the document. Supplemental appendices accompany several of the chapters. The appendices contain various kinds of information and tools intended for use with the teaching approaches and strategies outlined in the text. Thumbnail images of these appendices are provided in this guide; the full-sized versions can be downloaded from the eWorkshop website, at .

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