WHY DOES THE OCEAN HAVE WAVES? - EPG

Grade 4 Reading Comprehension Worksheet Read the passage. Then answer each question.

WHY DOES THE OCEAN HAVE WAVES?

The ocean is never still. Whether observing from the beach or a boat, we expect to see waves on the horizon. Waves are created by energy passing through water, causing it to move in a circular motion. However, water does not actually travel in waves. Waves transmit energy, not water, across the ocean and if not obstructed by anything, they have the potential to travel across an entire ocean basin.

Waves are most commonly caused by wind. Wind-driven waves, or surface waves, are created by the friction between wind and surface water. As wind blows across the surface of the ocean or a lake, the continual disturbance creates a wave crest. These types of waves are found globally across the open ocean and along the coast.

More potentially hazardous waves can be caused by severe weather, like a hurricane. The strong winds and pressure from this type of severe storm causes storm surge, a series of long waves that are created far from shore in deeper water and intensify as they move closer to land. Other hazardous waves can be caused by underwater disturbances that displace large amounts of water quickly such as earthquakes, landslides, or volcanic eruptions. These very long waves are called tsunamis. Storm surge and tsunamis are not the types of waves you imagine crashing down on the shore. These waves roll upon the shore like a massive sea level rise and can reach far distances inland.

Online reading & math for K-5



The gravitational pull of the sun and moon on the earth also causes waves. These waves are tides or, in other words, tidal waves. It is a common misconception that a tidal wave is also a tsunami. The cause of tsunamis are not related to tide information at all but can occur in any tidal state.

[Via National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]

Answer the Questions: 1. What creates waves?

2. What could be an obstruction to waves?

3. Why do you think wind is the most common cause of wave creation?

4. What are some causes of hazardous waves?

5. Which planet that circles the sun causes waves? 6. What is another name for a certain type of wave?

Online reading & math for K-5



Helpful Tips

In mathematics there are many ways of saying the same thing.

Symbols +

?

?

Words used Addition, Add, Sum, Plus, Increase, Total Subtraction, Subtract, Minus, Less, Difference, Decrease, Take Away, Deduct

Multiplication, Multiply, Product, By, Times, Lots Of

Division, Divide, Goes Into, How Many Times

When solving word problems - First Read the question carefully - Underline the key words ? look for the clue words (e.g. total) - Write down the Calculation - Solve the answer - Check - does it make sense?

3D shapes

Rectangular Prism

Cuboids

Tetrahedron

Sample Mental Maths 1 What must be added to fourteen to make sixty? 2 What is the product of six and seven? 3 Write the fraction one half as a decimal. 4 Divide seventy-two by nine. 5 Double zero point four five. 6 Write one quarter of a litre in millilitres. 7 Subtract three thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine from six thousand. 8 Multiply eighty-two by one hundred. 9 What number is ninety-nine less than two hundred and eighteen? 10 In a survey six out of ten people said they preferred tea to coffee. What percentage is that? 11What is my change from five pounds when I spend one pound eighty pence? 12 My book weighs two point one kilograms. How many grams does my book weigh? 13 What is the perimeter of the rectangle?

4 cm 2.5cm

14 I save one pound forty pence each week. How much money do I have after four weeks? 18 Add four point five to two point nine. 15 Three pounds forty pence is shared between two people. How much money does each person have?

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