Chapter 9: Raja Vidya RajaGuyha Yoga
Chapter 1: Arjuna Vishad Yoga
Observing the Armies on the Battlefield of Kurukṣetra
Atahah Prathamo Adhyayah
|# |Verse |Translation |
|BG 1.1 |dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca |Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: O Sañjaya, after my sons and the sons of Pāṇḍu assembled in |
| |dharma-kṣetre kuru-kṣetre |the place of pilgrimage at Kurukṣetra, desiring to fight, what did they do? |
| |samavetā yuyutsavaḥ | |
| |māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāś caiva | |
| |kim akurvata sañjaya | |
|BG 1.2 |sañjaya uvāca |Sañjaya said: O King, after looking over the army arranged in military |
| |dṛṣṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkaḿ |formation by the sons of Pāṇḍu, King Duryodhana went to his teacher and spoke |
| |vyūḍhaḿ duryodhanas tadā |the following words. |
| |ācāryam upasańgamya | |
| |rājā vacanam abravīt | |
|BG 1.3 |paśyaitāḿ pāṇḍu-putrāṇām |O my teacher, behold the great army of the sons of Pāṇḍu, so expertly arranged |
| |ācārya mahatīḿ camūm |by your intelligent disciple the son of Drupada. |
| |vyūḍhāḿ drupada-putreṇa | |
| |tava śiṣyeṇa dhīmatā | |
|BG 1.4 |atra śūrā maheṣv-āsā |Here in this army are many heroic bowmen equal in fighting to Bhīma and Arjuna:|
| |bhīmārjuna-samā yudhi |great fighters like Yuyudhāna, Virāṭa and Drupada. |
| |yuyudhāno virāṭaś ca | |
| |drupadaś ca mahā-rathaḥ | |
|BG 1.5 |dhṛṣṭaketuś cekitānaḥ |There are also great, heroic, powerful fighters like Dhṛṣṭaketu, Cekitāna, |
| |kāśirājaś ca vīryavān |Kāśirāja, Purujit, Kuntibhoja and Śaibya. |
| |purujit kuntibhojaś ca | |
| |śaibyaś ca nara-puńgavaḥ | |
|BG 1.6 |yudhāmanyuś ca vikrānta |There are the mighty Yudhāmanyu, the very powerful Uttamaujā, the son of |
| |uttamaujāś ca vīryavān |Subhadrā and the sons of Draupadī. All these warriors are great chariot |
| |saubhadro draupadeyāś ca |fighters. |
| |sarva eva mahā-rathāḥ | |
|BG 1.7 |asmākaḿ tu viśiṣṭā ye |But for your information, O best of the brāhmaṇas, let me tell you about the |
| |tān nibodha dvijottama |captains who are especially qualified to lead my military force. |
| |nāyakā mama sainyasya | |
| |saḿjñārthaḿ tān bravīmi te | |
|BG 1.8 |bhavān bhīṣmaś ca karṇaś ca |There are personalities like you, Bhīṣma, Karṇa, Kṛpa, Aśvatthāmā, Vikarṇa and |
| |kṛpaś ca samitiḿ-jayaḥ |the son of Somadatta called Bhūriśravā, who are always victorious in battle. |
| |aśvatthāmā vikarṇaś ca | |
| |saumadattis tathaiva ca | |
|BG 1.9 |anye ca bahavaḥ śūrā | There are many other heroes who are prepared to lay down their lives for my |
| |mad-arthe tyakta-jīvitāḥ |sake. All of them are well equipped with different kinds of weapons, and all |
| |nānā-śastra-praharaṇāḥ |are experienced in military science. |
| |sarve yuddha-viśāradāḥ | |
|BG 1.10 |aparyāptaḿ tad asmākaḿ |Our strength is immeasurable, and we are perfectly protected by Grandfather |
| |balaḿ bhīṣmābhirakṣitam |Bhīṣma, whereas the strength of the Pāṇḍavas, carefully protected by Bhīma, is |
| |paryāptaḿ tv idam eteṣāḿ |limited. |
| |balaḿ bhīmābhirakṣitam | |
|BG 1.11 |ayaneṣu ca sarveṣu |All of you must now give full support to Grandfather Bhīṣma, as you stand at |
| |yathā-bhāgam avasthitāḥ |your respective strategic points of entrance into the phalanx of the army. |
| |bhīṣmam evābhirakṣantu | |
| |bhavantaḥ sarva eva hi | |
|BG 1.12 |tasya sañjanayan harṣaḿ |Then Bhīṣma, the great valiant grandsire of the Kuru dynasty, the grandfather |
| |kuru-vṛddhaḥ pitāmahaḥ |of the fighters, blew his conchshell very loudly, making a sound like the roar |
| |siḿha-nādaḿ vinadyoccaiḥ |of a lion, giving Duryodhana joy. |
| |śańkhaḿ dadhmau pratāpavān | |
|BG 1.13 |tataḥ śańkhāś ca bheryaś ca |After that, the conchshells, drums, bugles, trumpets and horns were all |
| |paṇavānaka-gomukhāḥ |suddenly sounded, and the combined sound was tumultuous. |
| |sahasaivābhyahanyanta | |
| |sa śabdas tumulo 'bhavat | |
|BG 1.14 |tataḥ śvetair hayair yukte |On the other side, both Lord Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna, stationed on a great chariot |
| |mahati syandane sthitau |drawn by white horses, sounded their transcendental conchshells. |
| |mādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaś caiva | |
| |divyau śańkhau pradadhmatuḥ | |
|BG 1.15 |pāñcajanyaḿ hṛṣīkeśo |Lord Kṛṣṇa blew His conchshell, called Pāñcajanya; Arjuna blew his, the |
| |devadattaḿ dhanañjayaḥ |Devadatta; and Bhīma, the voracious eater and performer of herculean tasks, |
| |pauṇḍraḿ dadhmau mahā-śańkhaḿ |blew his terrific conchshell, called Pauṇḍra. |
| |bhīma-karmā vṛkodaraḥ | |
|BG 1.16-18 |anantavijayaḿ rājā |King Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Kuntī, blew his conchshell, the Ananta-vijaya, and|
| |kuntī-putro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ |Nakula and Sahadeva blew the Sughoṣa and Maṇipuṣpaka. That great archer the |
| |nakulaḥ sahadevaś ca |King of Kāśī, the great fighter Śikhaṇḍī, Dhṛṣṭadyumna, Virāṭa, the |
| |sughoṣa-maṇipuṣpakau |unconquerable Sātyaki, Drupada, the sons of Draupadī, and the others, O King, |
| |kāśyaś ca parameṣv-āsaḥ |such as the mighty-armed son of Subhadrā, all blew their respective |
| |śikhaṇḍī ca mahā-rathaḥ |conchshells. |
| |dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaś ca | |
| |sātyakiś cāparājitaḥ | |
| |drupado draupadeyāś ca | |
| |sarvaśaḥ pṛthivī-pate | |
| |saubhadraś ca mahā-bāhuḥ | |
| |śańkhān dadhmuḥ pṛthak pṛthak | |
|BG 1.19 |sa ghoṣo dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāḿ |The blowing of these different conchshells became uproarious. Vibrating both in|
| |hṛdayāni vyadārayat |the sky and on the earth, it shattered the hearts of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. |
| |nabhaś ca pṛthivīḿ caiva | |
| |tumulo 'bhyanunādayan | |
|BG 1.20 |atha vyavasthitān dṛṣṭvā |At that time Arjuna, the son of Pāṇḍu, seated in the chariot bearing the flag |
| |dhārtarāṣṭrān kapi-dhvajaḥ |marked with Hanumān, took up his bow and prepared to shoot his arrows. O King, |
| |pravṛtte śastra-sampāte |after looking at the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra drawn in military array, Arjuna then |
| |dhanur udyamya pāṇḍavaḥ |spoke to Lord Kṛṣṇa these words. |
| |hṛṣīkeśaḿ tadā vākyam | |
| |idam āha mahī-pate | |
|BG 1.21-22 |arjuna uvāca |Arjuna said: O infallible one, please draw my chariot between the two armies so|
| |senayor ubhayor madhye |that I may see those present here, who desire to fight, and with whom I must |
| |rathaḿ sthāpaya me 'cyuta |contend in this great trial of arms. |
| |yāvad etān nirīkṣe 'haḿ | |
| |yoddhu-kāmān avasthitān | |
| |kair mayā saha yoddhavyam | |
| |asmin raṇa-samudyame | |
|BG 1.23 |yotsyamānān avekṣe 'haḿ |Let me see those who have come here to fight, wishing to please the evil-minded|
| |ya ete 'tra samāgatāḥ |son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. |
| |dhārtarāṣṭrasya durbuddher | |
| |yuddhe priya-cikīrṣavaḥ | |
|BG 1.24 |sañjaya uvāca |Sañjaya said: O descendant of Bharata, having thus been addressed by Arjuna, |
| |evam ukto hṛṣīkeśo |Lord Kṛṣṇa drew up the fine chariot in the midst of the armies of both parties.|
| |guḍākeśena bhārata | |
| |senayor ubhayor madhye | |
| |sthāpayitvā rathottamam | |
|BG 1.25 |bhīṣma-droṇa-pramukhataḥ |In the presence of Bhīṣma, Droṇa and all the other chieftains of the world, the|
| |sarveṣāḿ ca mahī-kṣitām |Lord said, Just behold, Pārtha, all the Kurus assembled here. |
| |uvāca pārtha paśyaitān | |
| |samavetān kurūn iti | |
|BG 1.26 |tatrāpaśyat sthitān pārthaḥ |There Arjuna could see, within the midst of the armies of both parties, his |
| |pitrn atha pitāmahān |fathers, grandfathers, teachers, maternal uncles, brothers, sons, grandsons, |
| |ācāryān mātulān bhrātrn |friends, and also his fathers-in-law and well-wishers. |
| |putrān pautrān sakhīḿs tathā | |
| |śvaśurān suhṛdaś caiva | |
| |senayor ubhayor api | |
|BG 1.27 |tān samīkṣya sa kaunteyaḥ |When the son of Kuntī, Arjuna, saw all these different grades of friends and |
| |sarvān bandhūn avasthitān |relatives, he became overwhelmed with compassion and spoke thus. |
| |kṛpayā parayāviṣṭo | |
| |viṣīdann idam abravīt | |
|BG 1.28 |arjuna uvāca |Arjuna said: My dear Kṛṣṇa, seeing my friends and relatives present before me |
| |dṛṣṭvemaḿ sva-janaḿ kṛṣṇa |in such a fighting spirit, I feel the limbs of my body quivering and my mouth |
| |yuyutsuḿ samupasthitam |drying up. |
| |sīdanti mama gātrāṇi | |
| |mukhaḿ ca pariśuṣyati | |
|BG 1.29 |vepathuś ca śarīre me |My whole body is trembling, my hair is standing on end, my bow Gāṇḍīva is |
| |roma-harṣaś ca jāyate |slipping from my hand, and my skin is burning. |
| |gāṇḍīvaḿ sraḿsate hastāt | |
| |tvak caiva paridahyate | |
|BG 1.30 |na ca śaknomy avasthātuḿ |I am now unable to stand here any longer. I am forgetting myself, and my mind |
| |bhramatīva ca me manaḥ |is reeling. I see only causes of misfortune, O Kṛṣṇa, killer of the Keśī demon.|
| |nimittāni ca paśyāmi | |
| |viparītāni keśava | |
|BG 1.31 |na ca śreyo 'nupaśyāmi |I do not see how any good can come from killing my own kinsmen in this battle, |
| |hatvā sva-janam āhave |nor can I, my dear Kṛṣṇa, desire any subsequent victory, kingdom, or happiness.|
| |na kāńkṣe vijayaḿ kṛṣṇa | |
| |na ca rājyaḿ sukhāni ca | |
|BG 1.32-35 |kiḿ no rājyena govinda |O Govinda, of what avail to us are a kingdom, happiness or even life itself |
| |kiḿ bhogair jīvitena vā |when all those for whom we may desire them are now arrayed on this battlefield?|
| |yeṣām arthe kāńkṣitaḿ no |O Madhusūdana, when teachers, fathers, sons, grandfathers, maternal uncles, |
| |rājyaḿ bhogāḥ sukhāni ca |fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law and other relatives are ready to |
| |ta ime 'vasthitā yuddhe |give up their lives and properties and are standing before me, why should I |
| |prāṇāḿs tyaktvā dhanāni ca |wish to kill them, even though they might otherwise kill me? O maintainer of |
| |ācāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrās |all living entities, I am not prepared to fight with them even in exchange for |
| |tathaiva ca pitāmahāḥ |the three worlds, let alone this earth. What pleasure will we derive from |
| |mātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ |killing the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra? |
| |śyālāḥ sambandhinas tathā | |
| |etān na hantum icchāmi | |
| |ghnato 'pi madhusūdana | |
| |api trailokya-rājyasya | |
| |hetoḥ kiḿ nu mahī-kṛte | |
| |nihatya dhārtarāṣṭrān naḥ | |
| |kā prītiḥ syāj janārdana | |
|BG 1.36 |pāpam evāśrayed asmān |Sin will overcome us if we slay such aggressors. Therefore it is not proper for|
| |hatvaitān ātatāyinaḥ |us to kill the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and our friends. What should we gain, O |
| |tasmān nārhā vayaḿ hantuḿ |Kṛṣṇa, husband of the goddess of fortune, and how could we be happy by killing |
| |dhārtarāṣṭrān sa-bāndhavān |our own kinsmen? |
| |sva-janaḿ hi kathaḿ hatvā | |
| |sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava | |
|BG 1.37-38 |yady apy ete na paśyanti |O Janārdana, although these men, their hearts overtaken by greed, see no fault |
| |lobhopahata-cetasaḥ |in killing one's family or quarreling with friends, why should we, who can see |
| |kula-kṣaya-kṛtaḿ doṣaḿ |the crime in destroying a family, engage in these acts of sin? |
| |mitra-drohe ca pātakam | |
| |kathaḿ na jñeyam asmābhiḥ | |
| |pāpād asmān nivartitum | |
| |kula-kṣaya-kṛtaḿ doṣaḿ | |
| |prapaśyadbhir janārdana | |
|BG 1.39 |kula-kṣaye praṇaśyanti |With the destruction of dynasty, the eternal family tradition is vanquished, |
| |kula-dharmāḥ sanātanāḥ |and thus the rest of the family becomes involved in irreligion. |
| |dharme naṣṭe kulaḿ kṛtsnam | |
| |adharmo 'bhibhavaty uta | |
|BG 1.40 |adharmābhibhavāt kṛṣṇa |When irreligion is prominent in the family, O Kṛṣṇa, the women of the family |
| |praduṣyanti kula-striyaḥ |become polluted, and from the degradation of womanhood, O descendant of Vṛṣṇi, |
| |strīṣu duṣṭāsu vārṣṇeya |comes unwanted progeny. |
| |jāyate varṇa-sańkaraḥ | |
|BG 1.41 |sańkaro narakāyaiva |An increase of unwanted population certainly causes hellish life both for the |
| |kula-ghnānāḿ kulasya ca |family and for those who destroy the family tradition. The ancestors of such |
| |patanti pitaro hy eṣāḿ |corrupt families fall down, because the performances for offering them food and|
| |lupta-piṇḍodaka-kriyāḥ |water are entirely stopped. |
|BG 1.42 |doṣair etaiḥ kula-ghnānāḿ |By the evil deeds of those who destroy the family tradition and thus give rise |
| |varṇa-sańkara-kārakaiḥ |to unwanted children, all kinds of community projects and family welfare |
| |utsādyante jāti-dharmāḥ |activities are devastated. |
| |kula-dharmāś ca śāśvatāḥ | |
|BG 1.43 |utsanna-kula-dharmāṇāḿ |O Kṛṣṇa, maintainer of the people, I have heard by disciplic succession that |
| |manuṣyāṇāḿ janārdana |those who destroy family traditions dwell always in hell. |
| |narake niyataḿ vāso | |
| |bhavatīty anuśuśruma | |
|BG 1.44 |aho bata mahat pāpaḿ |Alas, how strange it is that we are preparing to commit greatly sinful acts. |
| |kartuḿ vyavasitā vayam |Driven by the desire to enjoy royal happiness, we are intent on killing our own|
| |yad rājya-sukha-lobhena |kinsmen. |
| |hantuḿ sva-janam udyatāḥ | |
|BG 1.45 |yadi mām apratīkāram |Better for me if the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, weapons in hand, were to kill me |
| |aśastraḿ śastra-pāṇayaḥ |unarmed and unresisting on the battlefield. |
| |dhārtarāṣṭrā raṇe hanyus | |
| |tan me kṣemataraḿ bhavet | |
|BG 1.46 |sañjaya uvāca |Sañjaya said: Arjuna, having thus spoken on the battlefield, cast aside his bow|
| |evam uktvārjunaḥ sańkhye |and arrows and sat down on the chariot, his mind overwhelmed with grief. |
| |rathopastha upāviśat | |
| |visṛjya sa-śaraḿ cāpaḿ | |
| |śoka-saḿvigna-mānasaḥ | |
Om tat sat iti Srimad Bhagavad Gitasu Upanishatsu
Brahma Vidyayam yogashastre Sri-Krishna-arujuna samvade
Arjuna Vishad Yogo Nama
Prtathamo Adhyayaha
Thus end the Bhaktivedanta translations to the First Chapter of the Śrīmad Bhagavad-gītā in the matter of observing the armies on the battlefield of Kurukṣetra.
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