Ch08.indd - LPS



Physical Changes and AppearanceActivity AName Chapter 8Date Period Chapter8Middle Childhood:Ages 6 through 10If a statement is true, write a + in the blank. If a statement is false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement true. Write the correct answer in the blank. 1. Typical growth in height during middle childhood is between six toeight inches a year. 2. Although adequate nutrition affects growth, height is mostly influenced by the environment. 3. Many boys and girls have inward signs of changes that can be noticed through increased perspiration and sweating. 4. Around 9 or 10 years of age, children often start to lose their baby teeth. 5. When the permanent teeth replace the smaller baby teeth, they oftenlook oversized for the child’s facial proportions. 6. During middle childhood, children’s facial features mature andelongate. 7. Gross-motor development changes rapidly during middle childhooddue to the growth and strengthening of small muscles. 8. During middle childhood, children are very similar in their musclecontrol and coordination. 9. During middle childhood, the muscles in children’s hands developrapidly and as a result, fine-motor tasks become easier. 10. The number of overweight and obese children in America has beendecreasing during recent decades. 11. Body composition describes the proportion of body fat to lean mass(muscle, bone, and water) in a person’s body. 12. The three types of activities that can strengthen physical growth anddevelopment are aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and bone-strengthening activities.Middle Childhood NutritionActivity BName Chapter 8Date Period You are babysitting your 8-year-old neighbor, Natalie, for half of the day. You will have to prepare breakfast, lunch, and two snacks for her and yourself. Natalie loves chips, soda, ice cream, and cake. She has suggested meal plans for the two of you today. Review Natalie’s meal plan and then create a meal plan that meets the food requirements of MyPlate and includes nutrient-dense food choices. Then, categorize each food in the meal plan under the appropriate food groups in the table. BreakfastFor breakfast, Natalie suggests sugary cereal.Your meal plan: SnackFor an early morning snack, Natalie suggests a bag of potato chips.Your snack plan: LunchFor lunch, Natalie suggests pepperoni pizza and soda from a fast-food restaurant.Your lunch plan: SnackFor an afternoon snack, Natalie suggests an individually wrapped cake from the convenience store. Your snack plan: Categorize each food in your meal plan as a fruit, vegetable, grain, protein food, or dairy item.GrainsFruitsVegetablesDairyProtein foodsTheorists and Theories of Middle ChildhoodActivity CName Chapter 8Date Period Complete the following statements about developmental theorists and theories as they relate to mid- dle childhood by filling in the blanks.Piaget’s TheoryAt the beginning of middle childhood, many children tend to focus on only one part of a situation. Piaget referred to this way of thinking as.Children sometimes struggle with the concept of, which means actions can be reversed.The third stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is called the stage.In this third stage, children are able to think logically based on their.Children in the third stage understand concepts related to, such as today, tomorrow, and yesterday.Vygotsky’s IdeasVygotsky believes that children learn best through.Focusing on activities within a child’s(abbr.) will help promote the best learning opportunities during middle childhood.Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral DevelopmentKohlberg’s first level of moral development is calledmorality.In this first stage of moral development, children use the possibility of oras a reason for making a decision.Older children may be in Kohlberg’s second stage of moral development, called morality.In the second stage of morality, children may make decisions based on laws and how they might be.Erikson’s Psychosocial TheoryAccording to Erikson, children in middle childhood are in the fourth stage of psychosocial development, calledversus.Through activities, children develop a sense ofby becoming competent in the outside world.If children in middle childhood are compared negatively to others, feelings of can surface.Learning StylesActivity DName Chapter 8Date Period Learning styles are preferred methods of taking in and processing information. Some people are visual learners. They learn by seeing information. Other people are auditory learners. They learn by hearing. Some people are kinesthetic-tactile learners. They learn by experiencing and touching or doing.Most people are dominant in one learning style, but many are a combination of the three. Using information from your text, create a questionnaire that could provide a simple analysis of a person’s learning style(s). After you have compiled your questionnaire, administer it to yourself and two other students and document your conclusions. Learning Styles QuestionnairePersonal conclusions: Student one conclusions: Student two conclusions: School MemoriesActivity EName Chapter 8Date Period Recall memories of yourself between the ages of 6 through 10. Who was important in your life? What was your lifestyle like? Select one year from the ages of 6 through 10 to analyze and answer the ques- tions that follow. List characteristics of yourself at this age. What was your self-concept at this age? Which family members were most important to you? How did they influence your development?Who were your friends during this time? Why did you choose these people as friends? What types of games and activities did you play as a child? What were major causes of stress for you as a child? What were major cultural influences during your childhood? Compare yourself now to yourself as a child, which socio-emotional factors remained the same since childhood? Compare yourself now to yourself as a child, which socio-emotional factors are different from childhood? Overall, how have you developed socially-emotionally since this time period? Meeting Special NeedsActivity FName Chapter 8Date Period Meeting the needs of all children, including those with special needs, is important. Answer the following questions about specific types of special needs and identify ways caregivers might help meet special needs.Define hyperopia. How might a caregiver help meet the special needs of a child with hyperopia? Define myopia. How might a caregiver help meet the special needs of a child with myopia? Define dyslexia. How might a caregiver meet the special needs of a child with dyslexia? What is Intelligence Quotient (IQ) testing? Why is IQ testing sometimes considered to be controversial? How might the results of a child’s IQ test impact his or her education? What is the difference between mainstreaming and inclusion? Encouraging Middle Childhood DevelopmentActivity GName Chapter 8Date Period Pretend you are mentoring a group of children between the ages of 6 through 10. Refer to Figure 8-28 Developmental Milestones: Ages 6 through 10 in the text to complete the following tables. For each age range listed, select one physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional developmental milestone. Then, describe the ways in which you would encourage a child to reach these milestones. After completing the tables, answer the questions that follow.6–7 YearsType of DevelopmentDevelopmental MilestoneEncouragement ProvidedPhysicalCognitiveSocio-emotional8–9 YearsType of DevelopmentDevelopmental MilestoneEncouragement ProvidedPhysicalCognitiveSocio-emotionalActivity G (Continued)Name 10 Plus YearsType of DevelopmentDevelopmental MilestoneEncouragement ProvidedPhysicalCognitiveSocio-emotionalChoose one of the developmental milestones listed in the 6–7 Years table. Describe the encouragement you would provide to help a child with special needs learn this skill.Choose one of the developmental milestones in the 8–9 Years table. Describe the encouragement you would provide to help a child with special needs learn this skill.Choose one of the developmental milestones in the 10 Plus Years table. Describe the encouragement you would provide to help a child with special needs learn this skill. ................
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