Lab: Classifying Stars - Grosse Pointe Public Schools

[Pages:3]Lab: Classifying Stars

Name: ________________________

Earth Science

Date: ________________ Hr: ____

Introduction: Astronomers use two basic properties of stars to classify them. These two properties are

luminosity, or brightness, and surface temperature. Astronomers will often use a star's color to measure

it's temperature. Stars with low temperature produce a reddish light, while stars with high temperature

shine with a brilliant blue white light. Surface temperatures of stars range from 2,000 Kelvin to 50,000

Kelvin. When these surface temperatures are plotted on a graph against luminosity, the stars

fall into 3 groups: Main Sequence, Giants, and White Dwarfs.

Question: When plotting stars using brightness and temperature, what group do most stars belong to?

Hypothesis:

Procedure: 1. Plot the stars listed below on the graph provided. 2. Circle around/label each group of stars (Main Sequence, Giants/Supergiants, White Dwarfs). 3. Find the Sun and make its DOT darker.

OBSERVATIONS:

Table #1: Star Brightness and Surface Temperature

Star

Brightness (x Sun)

Surface Temperature ( x 1000 K)

Rigel

10,000

11

Polaris

2,500

6

Antares

65,000

3

Van Maanen 2

0.001

6.2

Spica

12,000

22

Vega

40

10

Procyon A

7

6.5

Regulus

150

10.3

Lacaille

0.02

3.6

Sirius B

0.01

10

Betelgeuse

100,000

3

Achernar

3,100

15

Aldebaran

500

4

Tau Ceti

0.5

5.3

Sirius A

25

10

Sun

1

5.7

Procyon B

0.004

8

Altair

10.8

8

Alpha Centauri A 1.6

5.7

Eridani B

0.08

16

------------------EVERYTHING MUST BE HAND-WRITTEN FROM THIS POINT ON----------------------Analysis:

1. ATTACH YOUR COMPLETED H-R DIAGRAM...ALONG WITH PROCEDURE STEPS 2 & 3.

2. Check your H-R Diagram with the H-R Diagram class website link. How accurate were you? Explain.

3. How many different types of stars are shown on the H-R Diagram? _______

4. How does the temperature and luminosity of the Sun compare to that of the stars on the Main Sequence?

5. Which is the hottest star plotted? ______________ the brightest? _____________________

Multiple Choice: write out the question + correct complete answer 6. According to your H-R diagram, the Sun is classified as a

- blue supergiant star with a temperature of 20,000K and a brightness of 700,000 - main sequence star with a temperature of 5,700K and a brightness 1 - main sequence star with a temperature of 4,000K and a brightness of 100 - white dwarf star with a temperature of 10,000K and a brightness of 0.01

7. Which star is cooler and many times brighter than Earth's Sun?

- Rigel

- Betelgeuse

- Barnard's Star

- Sirius

8. Stars undergo changes over millions of years. Based on your Stellar Evolution Concept Map, the Sun will become:

- hotter and brighter, then cooler and dimmer. - cooler and dimmer, then hotter and brighter. - cooler and brighter, then hotter and dimmer. - hotter and dimmer, then cooler and brighter.

Multiple Choice: write out the complete question + the correct answer:

Hot & Bright Hot & Dim Cool & Bright Cool & Dim Medium Temperature & Medium Brightness

9. Red Giant stars are classified as: ___________________________ 10. White Dwarf stars are classified as: ___________________________ 11. Main Sequence stars are classified as: ___________, __________, and ______________.

Conclusion: Restate hypothesis + if it was accepted or rejected.

Classifying Stars Lab Rubric:

Lab Component Front part (Title Observations) attached BEFORE ? BACKGROUND Hypothesis was testable OBSERVATIONS (all observations were given to you for this lab) ANALYSIS Completely hand-written? #1 ? H-R Diagram

- All stars correctly plotted? - Star groupings accurate? - Sun's location is clearly marked darker than other stars? (H-R diagram Title = +1) (H-R Diagram not in correct part of lab = -1) #2 ? H-R Diagram Comparison (1 pt for accuracy, 1 pt for explanation) #3, #4, #5- Correctly answered questions #6-11 ? Complete sentence answers (followed multiple choice instructions) CONCLUSION Restated hypothesis, stated if it was accepted or rejected. TOTAL POINTS

Classifying Stars Lab Rubric:

Lab Component Front part (Title Observations) attached BEFORE ? BACKGROUND Hypothesis was testable OBSERVATIONS (all observations were given to you for this lab) ANALYSIS Completely hand-written? #1 ? H-R Diagram

- All stars correctly plotted? - Star groupings accurate? - Sun's location is clearly marked darker than other stars? (H-R diagram Title = +1) (H-R Diagram not in correct part of lab = -1) #2 ? H-R Diagram Comparison (1 pt for accuracy, 1 pt for explanation) #3, #4, #5- Correctly answered questions #6-11 ? Complete sentence answers (followed multiple choice instructions) CONCLUSION Restated hypothesis, stated if it was accepted or rejected. TOTAL POINTS

Classifying Stars Lab Rubric:

Lab Component Front part (Title Observations) attached BEFORE ? BACKGROUND Hypothesis was testable OBSERVATIONS (all observations were given to you for this lab) ANALYSIS Completely hand-written? #1 ? H-R Diagram

- All stars correctly plotted? - Star groupings accurate? - Sun's location is clearly marked darker than other stars? (H-R diagram Title = +1) (H-R Diagram not in correct part of lab = -1) #2 ? H-R Diagram Comparison (1 pt for accuracy, 1 pt for explanation) #3, #4, #5- Correctly answered questions #6-11 ? Complete sentence answers (followed multiple choice instructions) CONCLUSION Restated hypothesis, stated if it was accepted or rejected. TOTAL POINTS

Pts /Pts Possible / 1 / 1

/ 1

/ 6

/ 2 / 3 / 4 / 2 / 20

Pts /Pts Possible / 1 / 1

/ 1

/ 6

/ 2 / 3 / 4 / 2 / 20

Pts /Pts Possible / 1 / 1

/ 1

/ 6

/ 2 / 3 / 4 / 2 / 20

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