The Muscular System
[Pages:58]Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology
Elaine N. Marieb
Seventh Edition
Chapter 6
The Muscular System
Slides 6.1 ? 6.58
Lecture Slides in PowerPoint by Jerry L. Cook
Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Muscular System
Muscles are responsible for all types of body movement
Three basic muscle types are found in the body
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Slide 6.2
Characteristics of Muscles
Muscle cells are elongated (muscle cell = muscle fiber)
Contraction of muscles is due to the movement of myofilaments ? the muscle cell
equivalent of the microfilaments of cytoskeletons
All muscles share some terminology
Prefix myo refers to muscle Prefix mys refers to muscle Prefix sarco refers to flesh
Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Slide 6.3
Skeletal Muscle Characteristics
Most are attached by tendons to bones Cells are multinucleate & cigar-shaped Striated ? have visible banding Voluntary ? subject to conscious control Cells are surrounded and bundled by
connective tissue
Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Slide 6.4
Connective Tissue Wrappings of Skeletal Muscle
Endomysium ? connective tissue around single muscle fiber
Perimysium ? around a fascicle (bundle) of fibers
Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 6.1 Slide 6.5
Connective Tissue Wrappings of Skeletal Muscle
Epimysium ? covers the entire skeletal muscle
Fascia ? on the outside of the epimysium
Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 6.1 Slide 6.6
Skeletal Muscle Attachments
Epimysium blends into a connective tissue attachment
Tendon ? cord-like structure Aponeuroses ? sheet-like structure
Sites of muscle attachment
Bones Cartilages Connective tissue coverings
Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Slide 6.7
Smooth Muscle Characteristics
Has no striations
Spindle-shaped cells
Single nucleus
Involuntary ? no conscious control
Found mainly in the walls of hollow organs ? visceral
Arranged in two sheets
or layers
Figure 6.2a
Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Slide 6.8
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