TABLE OF CONTENTS



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Building Quality Standards Handbook

October 2011

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Infrastructure Division

Department of Education and Early Childhood Development

Building Better Learning Environments

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION 1

2. PLANNING 3

2.1 Introduction 3

2.1.1 Legislative Requirements 3

2.1.2 Bushfire Provision – Ministerial Direction No. 3 3

2.1.3 Victorian Industry Participation Policy (VIPP) and Local Procurement 4

2.2 Departmental Planning Process 4

2.2.1 Educational Specification 4

2.2.2 Selecting an Architect 5

2.2.3 Developing a Masterplan Solution 5

2.2.4 Schematic Design 6

2.2.5 Design Development 6

2.2.6 Tender Documentation 7

2.2.7 Staging of Implementation 7

2.3 Space and Area 7

2.4 Ecologically Sustainable Development 7

2.5 Design Relationships 8

2.5.1 Activities 8

2.5.2 Subsections of the School 8

2.5.3 Buildings and Site 8

2.5.4 Provision for Relocatable Buildings 9

2.5.5 School and Environment 9

2.5.6 School and Community 9

2.5.7 Shared Use of School Facilities 10

2.5.8 Adjacency of Spaces and Community Use 10

2.5.9 Provision for All Occupants 10

2.5.10 Design and Materials Efficiency 11

2.5.11 Design and Energy Efficiency 11

2.6 Accommodation and Other Design Issues 13

2.6.1 Anthropometrics 13

2.6.2 Access and Interior/Exterior Connection 13

2.6.3 Building Floor Planning 13

2.6.4 Equipment and Fittings 13

2.6.5 Storage 14

2.6.6 Flexibility 14

2.7 Economy and Cost Effectiveness 14

2.8 Technology 15

2.8.1 General 15

2.8.2 Information and Communications Technology (ICT) 16

2.9 Security and Safety 17

2.10 Image and Aesthetics 18

2.11 Site Design 19

2.12 Construction 19

2.13 Energy Planning Process 19

2.13.1 Energy Engineer 20

2.13.2 Energy Audit 20

2.13.3 Energy Design Process 20

2.13.4 Computer Modelling 20

2.13.5 Testing and Commissioning 21

2.13.6 Maintenance Strategy 21

2.13.7 Selection of Office Equipment 21

2.14 Acoustics 21

3. SPECIAL FACTORS 23

3.1 Introduction 23

3.2 Process 23

3.3 Common Special Factors 23

3.3.1 Existing Site and Building Conditions 24

3.3.2 Climatic Conditions 24

3.3.3 Maintenance Access and Servicing 24

3.3.4 Hazardous Materials 25

3.3.5 Multi-storey or Higher than Normal Buildings 25

3.3.6 Specialist and Special Developmental Schools 26

3.4 Items Not Generally Considered ‘Special Factors’ 26

3.5 Increased School Construction Rates 26

4. SUBSTRUCTURE, SUPERSTRUCTURE & FINISHES 28

4.1 Introduction 28

4.2 Substructure 28

4.2.1 Site Conditions and Investigation 28

4.2.2 Preparation and Groundwork 29

4.2.3 Termite Management 29

4.3 Superstructure 30

4.3.1 Use of Appropriate Structural Solutions 30

4.3.2 Concrete 30

4.3.3 Masonry 30

4.3.4 Steel 30

4.3.5 Timber 31

4.4 Roof 31

4.4.1 Designs to Conform to AS/NZS 3500.3:2003 31

4.4.2 Materials 31

4.4.3 Gutters and Downpipes 32

4.5 External Walls and Floors 35

4.5.1 Cladding Materials 35

4.5.2 Wall Insulation 36

4.5.3 Wall Colour and Texture 36

4.5.4 Flooring 36

4.5.5 Floor Insulation 37

4.6 External Windows 37

4.6.1 Glass 37

4.6.2 Standard Windows 37

4.6.3 Higher Quality Windows 38

4.6.4 Window Finish 38

4.6.5 Window Configuration 38

4.6.6 Sun Control and Ventilation 38

4.6.7 Sealing of Windows 39

4.6.8 Louvre Windows 40

4.6.9 Insect Screens 40

4.6.10 Window Hardware 40

4.6.11 Sizing of Windows 40

4.6.12 Shading of Windows 41

4.7 Doors and Hatches 41

4.7.1 External Doors 41

4.7.2 Hinge Stress 42

4.7.3 Internal Doors 43

4.7.4 Smoke and Fire Doors 43

4.7.5 Selection and Detailing of Operable Walls 43

4.7.6 Proprietary Aluminium Stud Partition Type Door Frames 43

4.7.7 Door Hardware 44

4.8 Ceilings 44

4.8.1 Ceiling Materials 44

4.8.2 Spaces above Ceilings 45

4.8.3 Ceiling Heights 45

4.8.4 Clearance Heights under Stairs and Bulkheads 45

4.8.5 Access to Lights 45

4.9 Internal Walls 46

4.9.1 Room Dividers 46

4.9.2 Internal Glazing 46

4.9.3 Operable Walls 46

4.9.4 Colour 47

4.9.5 Thermal Mass 47

4.10 Wall and Floor Finishes 47

4.10.1 Wall Finishes 47

4.10.2 Floor Finishes 48

4.10.3 Ceiling Finishes 51

4.10.4 Paint 51

4.11 Acoustics 53

4.11.1 Statutory Requirements and Standards 53

4.11.2 Acoustic Floor Planning 55

4.11.3 Sound Isolation between Spaces 55

4.11.4 Satisfactory Construction for Sound Insulation between Rooms 56

4.11.5 Sound Isolation between Spaces and Connecting Doors 58

4.11.6 Reverberation Control and Ambient Noise Level 61

4.11.7 Satisfactory Systems for Reverberation Control 62

4.11.8 External Noise 63

4.11.9 Rain Noise 63

5. INTERNAL SERVICES 64

5.1 Material Selection 64

5.2 Sanitary Fixtures 64

5.2.1 General 64

5.2.2 WC Suites 64

5.2.3 Urinals 65

5.2.4 Basins 65

5.2.5 General Purpose Sinks 65

5.2.6 General Purpose Tubs and Troughs 66

5.2.7 Showers 66

5.2.8 Cleaners’ Sinks 66

5.2.9 Boiling-water Units 66

5.2.10 Drinking Troughs 66

5.2.11 Ablution Troughs 67

5.2.12 Floor Waste Gullies (FWG) 67

5.2.13 Tundishes 67

5.2.14 Clay and Ablution Troughs 67

5.2.15 Drip Trough and Racks 67

5.2.16 Frame Baths 67

5.2.17 Photographic Troughs 68

5.2.18 Potting Troughs 68

5.2.19 Laboratory Sinks 68

5.2.20 Safety Sprays 68

5.2.21 Fume Cupboards 68

5.2.22 Hand Driers 68

5.2.23 Sanitary Facilities for People with Disabilities 68

5.3 Sanitary Plumbing 69

5.3.1 Pipe Work 69

5.3.2 Trade Waste Application 69

5.3.3 Treatment Apparatus 69

5.3.4 Trade Waste Operation Documentation 70

5.4 Water Supply 70

5.4.1 General 70

5.4.2 Pipe Work, Valves and Fittings 70

5.4.3 Tapware 70

5.4.4 Flow Rates (SWEP Requirement) 71

5.4.5 Hot-water Units 71

5.4.6 Water Supply Issues 72

5.5 Gas Services 73

5.5.1 General 73

5.5.2 Tariffs 73

5.5.3 Meters 73

5.5.4 Gas Supply to Relocatable Buildings 74

5.5.5 Pipe Work – Above Ground 74

5.5.6 Emergency Isolation Valves 74

5.5.7 Outlets 74

5.5.8 Gas Booster 74

5.6 Heating 74

5.6.1 General 74

5.6.2 Centralised Plant versus Individual Units 79

5.6.3 Primary Schools 80

5.6.4 Secondary Colleges 80

5.6.5 Heating System Controls 81

5.6.6 Gas-Fired Plant 81

5.6.7 Water Heating Boilers 82

5.6.8 Plant Rooms 83

5.7 Ventilation 83

5.7.1 Energy Targets 83

5.7.2 Natural Ventilation 84

5.7.3 Toilet and Change Room Exhaust System 84

5.7.4 Commercial Kitchen Exhaust Systems 84

5.7.5 Kiln Exhaust Systems 85

5.7.6 Fans 85

5.7.7 Air Filters 87

5.7.8 Ductwork 87

5.7.9 Air Grilles 88

5.8 Cooling 89

5.8.1 Preliminary Note on Thermal Comfort and Cooling Policy 89

5.8.2 General 89

5.8.3 Evaporative Cooling 91

5.8.4 Airconditioning – Room and Packaged Plant 93

5.8.5 Refrigeration 95

5.8.6 Electrical Supply 95

5.9 Fire Protection 96

5.9.1 Fire Hydrants 96

5.9.2 Fire Hose Reels and Extinguishers 96

5.9.3 Smoke and Fire Doors 96

5.9.4 Smoke Detectors and Sound Alarms 97

5.9.5 Emergency Signs and Lighting 97

5.9.6 Maintenance Log Books 97

5.10 Electrical Lighting and Power 97

5.10.1 General 97

5.10.2 Design 98

5.10.3 Supply – General 98

5.10.4 Origin Energy – For all sites with an expected annual usage of >160MWh. 99

5.10.5 Powerdirect – For sites with an expected annual usage of ................
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