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Resources on COVID-19 and Disability Inclusion - May 2020Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that can cause severe acute respiratory problems, progression to pneumonia, and multi-organ failure. It was first identified in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei, China, in late 2019 and has rapidly spread to other countries, causing a havoc wreaking- global pandemic. Due to this rapid spread of the virus and lack of any treatment and vaccine available, all health systems are incapable of coping with the numbers of persons requiring treatment. Consequently, governments are taking unprecedented measures to manage the impact of the crisis. This crisis is rampantly affecting all spheres of the society, the health and social care systems, economies, businesses, employees and employers, students and educators, and individuals and families. These undertaken measures include voluntary and/or enforced hygiene precautions, social distancing, isolation or quarantine, strict protocols on providing healthcare due to shortages of staff and equipment, shutting down of non-essential businesses and restrictions on freedom of movement (or lockdown). Some of these measures affect access to basic goods and services, social networks, and income.Even highly developed countries, such as Italy and the USA, are struggling to manage this crisis, and developing countries are hence likely to struggle more, due to limited resources, weaker healthcare systems, poorer hygiene and sanitation facilities, lack of medical supplies and trained healthcare workers, less stable economies, reliance on informal sectors of work, and virtually non-existent social protection systems. Moreover, conflict zones will further face additional excruciating challenges. Many of these current measures taken by the governments to manage the crisis are not possible in conflict contexts. There is also an added element of increased stress and anxiety due to the threat of becoming ill, not being able to access healthcare, and the negative impact of the measures taken by governments. Many governments are providing periodic briefings, but the information is often limited or incomplete. Moreover, misinformation is being spread via social media and other sources. COVID-19 will endanger and disadvantage the marginalized and vulnerable groups the most as marginalized groups are even more vulnerable in emergencies due to numerous factors. Some of these factors are limited access to technologies and information, dependence on the informal economy, lack of savings or credit, limited political influence, and limited ability to adapt or cope. Among the vulnerable populations, the COVID-19 virus and the measures to respond to the pandemic are impacting persons with disabilities most disproportionately. Persons with disabilities face additional risks than persons without disabilities as there are additional factors that put them at a greater disadvantage. Pre-existing health conditions, lack of inclusive communication methods, lack of access to healthcare and physical barriers in practicing social distancing, hand washing, are some of the complications that put persons with disabilities at disproportionate risk.The UNPRPD has compiled a list of resources on COVID-19 and Disability Inclusion. Resources included in this list are for information purposes; the inclusion of a resource in this list does not represent an endorsement of its content, language, or viewpoint.The document is regularly updated thanks to the inputs we receive by organizations and individuals working on Covid-19.List of resources on COVID-19 and Disability-Inclusive ResponsesPolicy brief on the impact of COVID- 19 on persons with disabilities key actions and recommendations for a disability inclusive-responseRef. UN (2020). Policy Brief: A Disability-Inclusive Response to COVID-19Global COVID-19 situation data dashboard (persons with disabilities-focused statistics)Ref. WHO. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Situation Dashboard [Online]. WHO. General COVID-19 Information resources including relevant myth bustersRef. WHO. (2020). COVID-19 Information resources [Online]. WHO. Feedback mechanisms on COVID-19 through WhatsApp Ref. WHO, UNICEF, UNDP & IFCN. (2020). How WhatsApp can help you stay connected during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic [Online].Implications of the pandemic on persons with disabilitiesBrief guidance note reported evidence for a disability-inclusive COVID-19 response in Syria settings. The evidence includes disability prevalence in Syria, and risks faced by PWDs in the COVID-19 pandemicRef. Protection Cluster. (2020). Inclusive COVID-19 response – NWS Disability – TWG on Inclusion Guidance Note Syrian Arab Republic April 2020_EN. Protection Cluster The statement addresses apprehension of PWDs in the UK regarding the compliance of NHS with the rights of disabled people during the COVID-19 outbreak, and advocates core principles for the UK health care system that should left no one behindRef. Disability Rights UK. (2020). COVID-19 and the rights of disabled peopleA comprehensive repository of resources on disability inclusion and Covid-19, encompassing COVID-19 instructions in easy read and plain language, sign languages, and relevant evidence at international organisations, governments, and research/academic publicationsRef. Core group & IDDC. (2020). Repository of resources on disability inclusion and Covid-19 [Online]. Core group & IDDC. A paper recommending health protection of PWDs during COVID-19 outbreaks along with legal, practical, and ethical reasons, problems faced by PWDs and their familiesRef. Inclusiva. (2020). Recommendations for health protection of people with disabilities during outbreaks: lessons learned from the 2019 novel coronavirus [Online]. Inclusiva. This video states why people with disabilities are more vulnerable to the Covid-19 pandemicRef. Humanity & Inclusion UK. (2020). "Disability becomes an additional layer of vulnerability" - COVID-19 - Humanity & Inclusion” UNPRPD policy advice This paper addresses challenges that persons with disabilities may face during the COVID-19 pandemic and suggests the COVID-19 responses to be disability-inclusive, with factors to be considered when conducting social protection measures. Ref. Embracing diversity, UNPRPD & IDA. (2020). Disability inclusive social protection response to COVID-19 crisis. International Disability Alliance (IDA) key recommendations towards a disability-Inclusive COVID19 responseIDA’s online hub-page to share the most recent updates and resources regarding how COVID-19 is affecting persons with disabilitiesRef. IDA. (2020). COVID 19 and the disability movement This paper specifies list of difficulties that PWDs are facing during the COVID-19 outbreak and encompasses key recommendations for disability-inclusive responseRef. IDA. (2020) Toward a Disability-Inclusive COVID19 Response: 10 recommendations from the International Disability Alliance [Online]. IDA. [Viewed 25 March 2020]This paper addresses challenges that persons with disabilities may face during the COVID-19 pandemic and suggests the COVID-19 responses to be disability-inclusive, with factors to be considered when conducting social protection measures. Ref. Embracing diversity, UNPRPD & IDA. (2020). Disability inclusive social protection response to COVID-19 crisis. Embracing diversity, UNPRPD & IDAStories from people with various disabilities across the globe sharing their experiences with the COVID-19 outbreak and pandemic risk reduction strategies implemented by their governments.Ref. IDA. (2020). Voices of People with Disabilities During the COVID19 Outbreak. Guidelines and resources from the UNWHOGeneral information video on coronavirus (COVID-19) including its origin, symptoms, and prevention practicesRef. IASC. (2020). Coronavirus Explained A brief describes challenges that PWDs are facing during the COVID-19 outbreak and suggests considerations for PWDs at a household, health service provider and a government level respectivelyRef. WHO. (2020). Disability considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak. General prevention advice on the use of masks during the COVID-19 outbreakRef. WHO. (2020). Advice on the use of masks in the community, during home care and in healthcare settings in the context of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. Messages that can be used in communications to support mental and psychosocial well-being in different target groups during the outbreakRef. WHO. (2020). Mental Health and Psychosocial Considerations During COVID-19 Outbreak A tool to help prepare and protect individuals, families and the public’s health during early response to COVID-19Ref. WHO. (2020). Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) Action Plan Guidance COVID-19 Preparedness and Response UNICEFGeneral information for parents on COVID-19 including origin, symptoms, and practices to prevent the infectionRef. UNICEF. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): What parents should know UNICEF COVID-19 response for children and adults with disabilities, including what we need to know and what we need to do for risk reduction and in-country preparednessRef. UNICEF. (2020). COVID-19 response: Considerations for Children and Adults with Disabilities.General tips for parenting during the COVID-19 outbreak, categorized by 1. One-on-one time, 2. Keeping it positive, 3. Get structured, 4. Bad behaviour, 5. Keep calm and manage stress, and 6. Talking about COVID-19Ref. UNICEF. (2020). Tips for parenting during the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreakOHCHRGuidance highlighting the impact of COVID-19 on the rights of persons with disabilitiesRef. OHCHR (2020). HYPERLINK "" Guidance Note on COVID-19 and the rights of persons with disabilitiesInter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC)Briefing notes addressing mental health and psychosocial Aspects of COVID-19 outbreak that is available in a range of languagesRef. IASC. (2020). Interim Briefing Note Addressing Mental Health and Psychosocial Aspects of COVID-19 Outbreak A briefing note summarizing key mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) considerations in relation to the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreakRef. IASC. (2020). Briefing note on addressing mental health and psychosocial aspects of COVID-19 Outbreak Version 1.1Guidance for COVID-19 prevention and control in schools, with key messages, actions and checklists for school administrators, teachers, staffs, parents, caregivers, community members, students and childrenRef. UNICEF, WHO & IFRC. (2020). IASC Interim Guidance on COVID-19 Prevention and Control in Schools - March 2020UN NewsThe UN human rights specialists put emphasis on child protection measures during the COVID-19 pandemic since children are at a greater risk of experiencing violence and exploitation. The request includes toll-free 24-hours hotlines, free texting services, remote psychological and social services, and mobile shelters for minorsRef. UN News. (2020). UN experts call for urgent action to mitigate heightened risks of violence against children UN News delivering the Joint Statement for Persons with Disabilities and COVID-19 by the Chair of the United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, on behalf of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Special Envoy of the United Nations Secretary-General on Disability and AccessibilityRef. UN News. (2020). Joint Statement: Persons with Disabilities and COVID-19 by the Chair of the United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, on behalf of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Special Envoy of the United Nations Secretary-General on Disability and Accessibility A news reporting PWDs being in a situation of feeling left behind during the COVID-19 outbreak and governments’ response, and implications for improvement in supportive measures and public health messagesRef. UN News. (2020). Preventing discrimination against people with disabilities in COVID-19 responseNews reporting that the situation of people with disabilities in institutions, psychiatric facilities and prisons is particularly grave, given the high risk of contamination and the lack of external oversight and that the needs of tailored-approaches to containment measures and of improving access to COVID-19 updates for all.Ref. Devandas C. (2020). COVID-19: Who is protecting the people with disabilities? – UN rights expert. UNHRCUNESCOA repository of online materials to facilitate student learning and provide social care and interaction during periods of school closureRef. UNESCO. (2020). Distance learning solutions UN Regional Commission for Asia Pacific A repository of useful links for disability-inclusive response to COVID-19 crisis, mainly focusing on Asia and Pacific region’s responses from UN entities, governments, and CSOsRef. UN ESCAP. (2020). Useful links for disability-inclusive responses to COVID-19 crisis UN Department of Global CommunicationsThis article from Department of Global Communications urges to ensure that the needs of the most vulnerable (women, children, people with disabilities, the marginalized and the displaced) are reflected in the COVID-19 emergency responseRef. UN Department of Global Communications. (2020). UN working to ensure vulnerable groups not left behind in COVID-19 responseUN paper describing social, economic, and multidimensional impacts of COVID-19, and sustainable solutions to cope with the impacts Ref. UN. (2020). SHARED RESPONSIBILITY, GLOBAL SOLIDARITY: Responding to the socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 UNFPAA technical brief delivering key messages on protecting sexual and reproductive health and rights and promoting gender equality during the COVID-19 outbreak.Ref. UNFPA (2020). COVID-19: A Gender Lens protecting sexual and reproductive health and rights and promoting gender equality UNHCRUNHCR engagement note describing the importance of national planning to focus on health and well-being of vulnerable populations and of messages to be contextualized and adapted to the target communityRef. UNHCR (2020). Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) – COVID-19 ILOThe technical advice of the disability team at the Gender, Equality and Diversity branch (GED) in the ILORef. ILO. (2020). Questions on Disability and Work: Key issues on promoting employment of persons with disabilities A webinar record to share good practices on the inclusion of people with disabilities in the COVID-19 responses related to the World of WorkRef. ILO. (2020). Disability Inclusion in COVID-19 responses in the World of Work IFRC, OCHA, WHOGuidance on additional marginalized and vulnerable groups and how to include them in risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) activitiesRef. IFRC, OCHA & WHO. (2020). COVID-19: How to include marginalized and vulnerable people in risk communication and community engagementCommunity Engagement and Risk CommunicationUseful links from CDAC for COVID-19 response materials in the world, including easy-to-use and read card sheets relating to issues around COVID-19 for those with communications disabilitiesRef. CDAC. (2020). Resources for those responding to COVID-19 [Online]. CDAC. A paper urging COVID-19 response to be inclusive for marginalised and vulnerable people, including key implications for risk communication and community engagementRef. RCCE. (2020). COVID-19: How to include marginalized and vulnerable people in risk communication and community engagement [Online]. RCCE. A paper addressing the importance of risk communication and community engagement within the new coronavirus response with the current situation focusing in sub-Saharan AfricaRef. RCCE. (2020). New Coronavirus Risk Communication and Community Engagement Strategy [Online]. RCCE. This paper reports on attitudes and practices, practical considerations for communication strategies and messaging relating to physical distancing measures in Eastern and Southern Africa in the context of the current global COVID-19 outbreak. Ref. Social Science in Humanitarian Action. (2020). Compliance with Physical Distancing Measures for COVID-19 and Implications for RCCE in Eastern and Southern Africa Training/ Inclusive ResourcesShort, imaged-based course and poster that do not require high levels of literacy. Designed to support locations with weaker health systems that are ill-prepared to deal with COVID-19. Available in a range of languagesRef. International SOS. (2020). Education and communication [Online]. International SOS. Guidance for older people during the COVID-19 outbreak, including the virus definition and daily practices for protection at individual level. Available in Arabic, English, French, and SpanishRef. HelpAge International. (2020). COVID-19: Guidance and advice for older people [Online]. HelpAge International. General information as infographics and videos on COVID-19 in Bengali. Ref. Lace R. (2020). COVID-19 Infographic 1-BN [Online]. BBC A paper suggesting practical considerations relating to flows of information, misinformation and disinformation though online media, particularly social media networks, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemicRef. Social Science in Humanitarian Action. (2020). Key considerations: online information, mis- and disinformation in the context of COVID-19 [Online]. Social Science in Humanitarian Action. A YouTube video showing general information on COVID-19 in international sign languageRef. Mill Neck International. (2020). COVID IN Intl Sign [Online]. Mill Neck International A YouTube video showing Coronavirus PSA symptoms, prevention and travel history in American sign languageRef. mnhealth. (2020). Coronavirus PSA Symptoms, Prevention and Travel History - American Sign Language (ASL) [Online] A YouTube video showing general information on COVID-19 in sign language in Mozambique.Ref. TV Surdo Mo?ambique. (2020) Ref. SAIBA COMO SE PROTEGER DO CORONAVIRUS EM LSM) [Online]. TV Surdo Mo?ambique. A position paper addressing people who are not digitally well connected, and do not receive the health messages already circulating. It suggests clear, coordinated, and understandable communications and protection in a localized mannerRef. A4EP. (2020).Localised response to COVID-19 global pandemic Guidance on Protection from and response to Sexual Exploitation and Abuse and Sexual Harassment during COVID-19 outbreakUN Women published a policy brief regarding the impact of COVID-19 on women, suggesting priority measures to accompany both the immediate response and longer-term recovery effortsRef. UN Women. (2020). Policy brief: The impact of COVID-19 on women This publication shows the practices for gender-inclusive preparedness and response planning against the COVID-19 pandemic. It discusses the impacts and the potential way forward on gender issues including violence against womenRef. UN Women. (2020). The First 100 Days of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Asia and the Pacific: A Gender LensA note provides information and practical guidance to support gender-based violence (GBV) practitioners to integrate attention to disability into GBV prevention, risk mitigation and response efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic Ref. GBV AoR. (2020). Report Title: Disability Considerations in GBV Programming during the COVID-19 Pandemic [Online]. GBV AoR. This guideline highlights the impact of COVID-19 on GBV in Iraq and provides key messages and recommendations to be considered in order to prevent/mitigate the GBV risks during the time of COVID-19Ref. GBV AoR. (2020). Guidance Note on GBV Service Provision during the Time of COVID-19 [Online]. GBV AoR. This paper provides practical support to Gender-Based Violence (GBV) practitioners to adapt GBV case management service delivery models quickly and ethically during the current COVID-19 pandemicRef. GBV AoR. (2020). GBV Case Management and the COVID-19 Pandemic [Online]. GBV AoR This paper includes analysis showing the impact of COVID-19 outbreaks on women and girls and addresses implicationsRef. Care. (2020). Gender Implications of COVID-19 Outbreaks in Development and Humanitarian Settings [Online]. Care Academic publications (e.g. peer-reviewed journal, working paper)The article points to possible exacerbation in older people’s mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic with a piece of evidence from China. It puts emphasis on flexible, feasible policies for older people since current containment measures may have worsened barriers to health access for themRef. Yang Y., Li W., Zhang Q., Zhang L., Cheung T., Xiang Y. T. (2020). Correspondence: Mental health services for older adults in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet Psychiatry. 7(4) pp. PE19.The paper suggests telemental health services such as videoconferencing and online forums during the COVID-19 pandemic to improve a range of mental health including depression, anxiety and PTSD. Examples of China and Australia were mentionedRef. Zhou X., Snoswell C. L., Harding L. E., Bambling M., Edirippulige S., Bai X. & Smith A. C. (2020). [Forthcoming]. The Role of Telehealth in Reducing the Mental Health Burden from COVID-19 The article specifies several lessons from the response to the HIV and TB epidemics that could be crucial to the success of the response to COVID-19; ensuring that human rights principles are entrenched in the COVID-19 response, relying on the best available evidence to inform decision making, and the fostering of global collaboration to fuel innovation and equitable access while ensuing the allocation of adequate financial and other resources needed to mount an effective responseRef. Avafia T., Konstantinov B., Esom K., Sanjuan J. R. & Schleifer R. (2020). A Rights-Based Response to COVID-19: Lessons Learned from HIV and TB Epidemics Analysis and critique of the critical care guideline from NICE, and the need for changes not only in guidelines but reinstating the fundamental point that the right to survive should be given to allRef. Baker D. (2020). Daniel Baker: No assumptions should be made about people’s quality of life irrespective of any disability A comprehensive helpdesk paper that measured the impact of COVID-19 on PWDs including both primary and secondary impacts. Recommendations to mitigate the disability-inclusive response to COVID-19 include a twin-track approach, engagement with PWDs or DPOs, and identify/remove barriers.Ref. Meaney-Davis J., Lee H., & Corby N. (2020). The impacts of COVID-19 on people with disabilities: a rapid review This paper pinpoints government policies/guidelines during the COVID-19 outbreak that discriminates persons with disabilities against provision of proper health care. The article urges proper interpretation of the law for equal health access/treatment for all, making medical determinations based on the best available objective evidence, free from bias against people with disabilities or devaluation of their lives.Ref. Bagenstos, S. R. (2020). HYPERLINK "" May Hospitals Withhold Ventilators from COVID-19 Patients with Pre-Existing Disabilities? Notes on the Law and Ethics of Disability-Based Medical Rationing. Yale Law Journal ForumThe comment urges the response to disease outbreaks such as COVID-19 to be effective and not reproduce or perpetuate gender and health inequities. Ref. Wenham C., Smith J. & Morgan R. (2020). COVID-19: the gendered impacts of the outbreak. The Lancet. 396(10027), pp.846-848‘This correspondence highlights that COVID-19 mitigation strategies must be inclusive of PLWD to ensure they maintain respect for “dignity, human rights and fundamental freedoms” and avoid widening existing disparities Ref. Armitage R., & Nellums L. B. (2020). Correspondence: The COVID-19 response must be disability inclusive. [Online]. The Lancet Public Health. This editorial paper addresses that failure to respect the needs of vulnerable groups will seriously undermine response efforts, and suggests considerations including free testing for all and full employment rights during COVID-19 outbreakRef. Berger Zackary D, Evans Nicholas G, Phelan Alexandra L. & Silverman Ross D. (2020). Editorial: Covid-19: control measures must be equitable and inclusive [Online]. The BMJThis commentary claims that hospitalised patients with severe mental illness are seemingly overlooked and suggests some effective measures that should be rapidly undertaken to reverse current challengesRef. Li S. & Zhang Y. (2020). Commentary: Mental healthcare for psychiatric inpatients during the COVID-19 epidemic [Online]. General Psychiatry The editorials address four key concerns on older people’s care against COVID-19 outbreak in L/MICs settings, and urge taking those into considerations in health system Ref. Lloyd-Sherlock P., Ebrahim S., Geffen L. & McKee M. (2020). Editorials: Bearing the brunt of covid-19: older people in low and middle income countries [Online]. The BMJ This commentary addresses neglection and stigma regarding mental health disorders in China and their exacerbation during COVID-19 outbreak, and urge implications to improve the situationRef. Yao H., Chen J. H. & Xu Y. F. (2020). Commentary: Patients with mental health disorders in the COVID-19 epidemic [Online]. The Lancet Psychiatry The paper examines multidimensional factors that can challenge vulnerable populations during an influenza pandemic. Public health interventions are stated to cooperate with the public to mitigate the pandemic.Ref. Vaughan E. & Tinker T. (2009). Effective Health Risk Communication About Pandemic Influenza for Vulnerable Populations. American Journal of Public Health. 99(S2) pp. S324-S332. Open letter looking at the UK case complying with preventative measures, like social distancing, which can be challenging, particular for people who rely on care-givers; and also suggesting that a disability-inclusive COVID-19 response is needed, both in the UK and as the pandemic unfolds globally.Ref. Kuper H., Banks L. M., Bright T. & Shakespeare T. Disability-inclusive COVID-19 response: What it is, why it is important and what we can learn from the United Kingdom’s response. Focusing on cases in China, the paper calls for nations to ensure amendments of their legal frameworks regarding public health and emergency preparedness fully engage a rights-based disability perspective.Ref. Qi F. & Hu L. (2020). Including people with disability in the COVID-19 outbreak emergency preparedness and response in China.The paper discusses potential risk to the health of people with disabilities in residential care institutions during the COVID-19 outbreak by looking at evidence from Romania.Ref. Safta-Zecheria L. (2020). Challenges posed by COVID-19 to the health of people with disabilities living in residential care facilities in RomaniaThis article shows the different challenges people with disabilities are facing during the COVID emergency in Iran and provides several recommendations.Ref. Jalali M., Shahabi S., Lankarani K. B., Kamali M. & Mojgani P. (2020). COVID-19 and disabled people: perspectives from Iran. This paper shed new light on how parents of children with SEND would like to be supported during the COVID-19 pandemic, considering that COVID-19 measures such as self-isolation and social distancing may be particularly challenging for children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) and their families, given the reliance of many on carefully established routines and relationships as well as professional and informal support.Ref. Toseeb U., Asbury K., Code A., Fox L., Deniz E. (2020). Supporting Families with Children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities During COVID-19. This editorial paper mentions the issue of children with disabilities who face additional challenges that society throws in their way and puts emphasis on rights-based strategies and tools to be in place for COVID-19 response.Ref. Schiariti V. (2020). The human rights of children with disabilities during health emergencies: the challenge of COVID-19. Government's response strategies for persons with disabilitiesEast Asia and Pacific This link to the webpage of the department of empowerment of persons with disabilities in Thailand provides information on COVID-19 response for persons with disabilities including statistics on infected patients and general information on the prevention measures. Ref. Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (2020). Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities. A link to public advices during COVID-19 crisis in South Korea, including compliance with the national code of conduct and mass facilities for children and seniorsRef. CDMH & CDCH (2020). Public Advice [Online]. CDMH & CDCH. Europe and Central AsiaAdvice is given on the approach to supporting people with a learning disability and people with autism when providing treatment for COVID-19Ref. NHS England (2020). Clinical guide for front line staff to support the management of patients with a learning disability, autism or both during the coronavirus pandemic – relevant to all clinical specialitiesA link to COVID-19 guidance and regulations, including for residential care, new adult social care guidance to protect the most vulnerableRef. GOV.UK (2020). Social care Latin America & the Caribbean An online paper on COVID-19 response in Brazil. It includes US$ 1 billion of the Continuous Cash Benefit program for persons with disabilities in Brazil. Ref. Foreign trade and international affairs (2020). Brazil’s Policy Responses to COVID-19. A link to ministry of health in Peru regarding the COVID-19 response. It includes technical guide for the mental health care of the affected population, families, and community in the context of COVID-19. Ref. Ministerio de Salud (MINSA). (2020) Plataforma digital unica del Estado Peruano. A link to ministry of health in Ecuador regarding the COVID-19 response. It includes a protocol for tele-assisted mental health care at COVID-19 and COVID-19 psychosocial risk prevention protocol. Ref. Ministerio de Salud Pública. (2020). Documentos normativos Covid-19 Ecuador. A link to ministry of health in Mexico regarding the COVID-19 response. Under the people with disabilities tab, data ranged from general information to consultation documents are available. Ref. Gobierno de México. (2020). Información Accesible. [Online]. [Viewed 9 May 2020]. Available at: South Asia Pakistan COVID-19 response guidelines – it includes the Clinical Management Guidelines for COVID-19 Infections, which says the management of severe and critical disease to ensure managing every critically ill COVID-19 patient by a group of healthcare providers which includes at least a pulmonologist, an infectious diseases expert and a critical care specialist.Ref. Government of Pakistan. (2020). Home/Guidelines. This webpage of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in India includes a resources section providing guidelines for elder people, patients with COVID-19, and on home quarantine. Ref. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2020). MOHFW Home. NGOs /Social enterprises /FoundationsThe statement urges to not leave persons with disabilities behind by taking appropriate measures, such as remove the barriers that group faces in accessing health services and hygiene products and consider reasonable accommodation measures. Ref. Bridging the Gap (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on persons with disabilitiesCOVID-19 blog series that addresses concerns on the immediate and longer term impacts of COVID-19 on PWDs and suggests implications, focusing on gender, social inclusion and safeguardingRef. Social Development Direct (2020). COVID-19 Blog Series Easy reading instruction on 7 simple tips to talk to kids about COVID-19Ref. Save the Children. (2020). 7 simple tips on how to talk to kids about the coronavirus [Online]. Save the Children The guideline of ICRC to support the ICRC’s delegations and métiers in their response to COVID-19Ref. ICRC. (2020). COVID-19: Inclusive Programming – Ensuring Assistance and Protection Addresses the Needs of Marginalized and At-risk People [Online]. ICRC. A list of opportunities, news and events on the COVID-19 crisis and its issues regarding women and girls with disabilitiesRef. European Disability Forum. (2020). Women and Girls with disabilities [Online]. European Disability Forum. A technical note to support child protection practitioners to better respond to the child protection risks during a COVID-19 pandemicRef. The Alliance. (2020). Technical Note on the Protection of Children during the Coronavirus Pandemic [Online]. The Alliance A news promoting CBM’s activities in response to COVID-19 for persons with disabilitiesRef. CBM. (2020). Including People with Disabilities in the COVID-19 Response [Online]. CBM Regarding the COVID-19 outbreak, this article reminds relevant laws in the US that prohibiting? rationing measures when they result in the denial of care on the basis of disability to an individual who would benefit from it and promotes preventing discrimination in the treatment of COVID-19 patientsRef. DREDF. (2020). Preventing Discrimination in the Treatment of COVID-19 Patients: The Illegality of Medical Rationing on the Basis of Disability [Online]. DREDF The article addresses the need to examine the potential for COVID-19 to increase the risk of violence against women and girls and suggest gender-inclusive measures during the COVID-19 crisisRef. Social Development Direct. (2020) HYPERLINK "" .Why we need to talk more about the potential for COVID -19 to increase the risk of violence against women and girls [Online]. Social Development Direct Accessible information on Covid-19 and DisabilityA collection of practical tools for a disability inclusive COVID-19 response including comprehensive guidelines, recommendations and overviews of resources on how to ensure that people with disabilities included.Ref. Dutch Coalition on Disability and Development. (2020). Practical Tools for a Disability Inclusive COVID-19 Response. COVID-19 information and other tips for supporting persons with dementia.Ref. Alzheimer’s association. (2020). Coronavirus (COVID-19): Tips for Dementia Caregivers. The webpage with up-to-date information and links to government and institutional guidance in the UK regarding persons with disabilities and the COVID-19 response. The information ranges from general COVID-19 information including informational videos to relevant complaints and legal resources.Ref. Disability Rights UK. (2020). CoronavirusThis video states why people with disabilities are more vulnerable to the Covid-19 pandemic.Ref. Humanity & Inclusion UK. (2020). Disability becomes an additional layer of vulnerability" - COVID-19 - Humanity & InclusionEasy-to-read information about Coronavirus available in many languagesRef. Inclusion Europe. (2020). Easy-to-read information about Coronavirus available in many languages [Online]. Inclusion Europe General information on COVID-19 including guideline for actions at individual levelRef. Mencap. (2020). Information about Coronavirus [Online]. Inclusion Europe Easy-read guideline for PWDs’ protective practices against COVID-19 Ref. Green Mountain Self Advocates. (2020). COVID-19 Information by and for People with Disabilities [Online]. Green Mountain Self Advocates Easy-read guideline for protective practices against COVID-19 at individual levelRef. Chosen Power. (2020). COVID-19 Prevention Guidelines (Easy Read) [Online]. Chosen Power Evidence from other media sources and blogsThis article uses the data of the Bureau of Labour Statistics (BLS) Jobs Report to see changes in the number of working-age people with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. It turned out that there has been a 20% reduction in the employment of persons with disabilities, whereas 14% in the employment of those without.Ref. Disability Insider. (2020). COVID-19 recession hits workers with disabilities harder. Disability Insider. This link provides a group of resources regarding the members of Inclusion International’s COVID-19 information for persons with intellectual disabilities.Ref. Inclusion international. (2020). COVID 19: Our Members Resources and Processes. This post delivers the WB’s regional update saying that South Asian governments must ramp up action to curb the health emergency, protect their people, especially the poorest and most vulnerable, and set the stage now for fast economic recovery. The post includes current GDP data per South Asia country with forecasts from October 2019 that indicates mostly negative trends.Ref. World Bank. (2020). South Asia Must Ramp Up COVID-19 Action to Protect People, Revive Economies. This journal blog post states that communication, symptom monitoring, management and caregiving strategies need to consider comorbidities, special needs, and the variety of settings in which adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) live. It includes links of informational materials on COVID-19 and disability inclusion.Ref. Grier E., Lunsky Y., Sullivan W. F. & Casson I. (2020). Health care of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities in a time of COVID-19. The news article addressing that the decision about treatment may not be within a control of person infected with COVID-19 if a person has a disability and urges to ensure a disability-inclusive COVID-19 response in the UK.Ref. Rose B. (2020). Coronavirus: 'I know my life will not be saved in this pandemic'. BBC News. The webpage with useful resources gathered for persons with learning disability in Wales. It includes easy read guides, posters, videos, government and public services updates, and helplines.Ref. Learning Disability Wales. (2020). Coronavirus: resources for people with a learning disability. This news article points out that some of the media languages discriminates persons in more vulnerable situations during the COVID-19 pandemic by trying to reassure people that the virus may harm “only” elderly and chronically ill people. “Good intentions accompanied with bad language often do more harm than good”Ref. Obosi S. (2020). Opinion: We need to change the language around COVID-19 This webinar conducted from academic professionals around the world handles the issues on Ageism, health and COVID-19Ref. Corona Older. (2020). Ageism, health and COVID-19 A database of resources on how COVID-19 intersects with disabilityRef. Source. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Pandemic This blog discusses the impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on people with intellectual disabilitiesRef. Adams D. (2020). How coronavirus could affect the wellbeing of people with intellectual disabilities This news article addresses that a stronger support system for COVID-19 survivors since there is a possible post-intensive care syndrome that people who spend time in an ICU due to COVID-19, saying that the new coronavirus may lead many COVID-19 survivors to spend prolonged periods on a ventilator under deep sedationRef. Servick K. (2020). For survivors of severe COVID-19, beating the virus is just the beginning An online news article reported that Pennsylvania’s critical care guidelines discriminate against persons with disabilities during the COVID-19 outbreak and that although the department of human services acknowledged such potential of discrimination in the health care guidelines and revised the guidelines, still there is a part where may exacerbate the biased care against PWDsRef. Brubaker H. (2020). HYPERLINK "" Activists say Pennsylvania’s critical-care guidelines discriminate against the disabled for COVID-19 care. The Philadelphia Inquirer This online news article brought up the issues that social distancing is almost impossible for PWDs and their care-givers, implicitly suggesting the need of feasible solutionsRef. Torres E. (2020). Social distancing ‘not possible’ for people with disabilities raising challenges. abc News An online news article reported that health information access during the COVID-19 crisis in Germany showed language barriers to deaf people, and the ministry of health later ensured to improve access to communication including a coronavirus telephone hotline for the deaf and hearing impairedRef. Hammerstein L. V. (2020). How Germany's fight against coronavirus excludes the deaf. DW A website created for COVID-19 response to be older people-inclusive. The site proposes a mortality calculator that addresses the importance of healthcare focusing on older peopleRef. Lloyed-Sherlock P. Ebrahim S. Geffen L. & McKee M. (2020). Resources and information on coronavirus and older people in developing countries Personal experiences and recommendations to safeguard a child with disabilities Ref. Love That Max. (2020). Medical care rationing and disability: What parents need to know. Love That Max Experiences and suggestions in terms of COVID-19 response in Kenya for PWDsRef. Mugambi Paul. (2020). Why Social Isolation is a Greek term to the disabled Kenyans: Author Mugambi Paul [Online]. Mugambi Paul News on COVID-19 crisis placing disabled people at risk by lockdown process.Ref. Stuff. (2020). Coronavirus: Disabled people placed at risk by lockdown process, lawyer says [Online]. Stuff Suggestions on realistic measures to protect PWDs in L/MICs settings.Ref. LSHTM. (2020). COVID-19 control in low-income settings and displaced populations: what can realistically be done? [Online]A repository of links regarding COVID-19 response and disability inclusion.Ref. Fremlin P. T. (2020). Disability Debrief: news on coronavirus response [Online]. Fremlin P. T. Easy-read English information on what the coronavirus is Ref. The Autism Educator (2020). What is the Coronavirus? [Online]. The Autism Educator. [Viewed 1 April 2020] ................
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