A FRAMEWORK FOR THE LEGALIZATION AND REGULATION …

A FRAMEWORK FOR THE LEGALIZATION AND REGULATION OF CANNABIS IN CANADA

THE FINAL REPORT OF THE TASK FORCE ON CANNABIS LEGALIZATION AND REGULATION

Health Canada is the federal department responsible for helping the people of Canada maintain and improve their health. We assess the safety of drugs and many consumer products, help improve the safety of food, and provide information to Canadians to help them make healthy decisions. We provide health services to First Nations people and to Inuit communities. We work with the provinces to ensure our health care system serves the needs of Canadians.

?galement disponible en fran?ais sous le titre : Un cadre pour la l?galisation et la r?glementation du cannabis au Canada

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? Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Health, 2016

Publication date: December 2016

This publication may be reproduced for personal or internal use only without permission provided the source is fully acknowledged.

PRINT Cat.: H14-220/2016E

PDF Cat.: H14-220/2016E-PDF

ISBN: 978-0-660-07006-3

ISBN: 978-0-660-07005-6

Pub.: 160248

A Framework for the Legalization and Regulation of Cannabis in Canada

The Final Report of the Task Force on Cannabis Legalization and Regulation

November 30, 2016

November 30, 2016

The Honourable Jody Wilson-Raybould Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada The Honourable Jane Philpott Minister of Health The Honourable Ralph Goodale Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness

Dear Ministers, Please find attached the final report of the Task Force on Cannabis Legalization and Regulation. This report is the product of our consultations with Canadians, provincial, territorial and municipal governments, Indigenous governments and representative organizations, youth, patients and experts in relevant fields. It has been a privilege to consult with so many people over the last five months, and we are deeply thankful to all those who provided their input, time and energy to us. We hope that this report will be useful to you and your Cabinet colleagues as you move forward with the legalization and regulation of cannabis.

A. Anne McLellan (Chair)

Mark. A. Ware (Vice Chair)

Susan Boyd (Member)

George Chow (Member)

Marlene Jesso (Member)

Perry Kendall (Member)

Raf Souccar (Member)

Barbara von Tigerstrom (Member)

Catherine Zahn (Member)

A FRAMEWORK FOR THE LEGALIZATION AND REGULATION OF CANNABIS IN CANADA

I

Table of Contents

Foreword.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Executive Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Chapter 1: Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Our mandate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 The Canadian context. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 A global perspective. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Setting the frame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Public policy objectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Engagement process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Guiding principles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Chapter 2: Minimizing Harms of Use.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Introduction: a public health approach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Minimum age.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Promotion, advertising and marketing restrictions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Cannabis-based edibles and other products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 THC potency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Tax and price. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Public education.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Prevention and treatment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Workplace safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Chapter 3: Establishing a Safe and Responsible Supply Chain.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Distribution.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Retail. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Personal cultivation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Chapter 4: Enforcing Public Safety and Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Illegal activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Personal possession. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Place of use.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Impaired driving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

III A FRAMEWORK FOR THE LEGALIZATION

AND REGULATION OF CANNABIS IN CANADA

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