Lesson 2 | The Cell

[Pages:19]Lesson 2 | The Cell

Student Labs and Activities

Launch Lab Content Vocabulary Lesson Outline MiniLab Content Practice A Content Practice B Language Arts Support School to Home Key Concept Builders Enrichment Challenge Skill Practice

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Cell Structure and Function

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Launch Lab

LESSON 2: 10 minutes

Why do eggs have shells?

Bird eggs have different structures, such as a shell, a membrane, and a yolk. Each structure has a different function that helps keep the egg safe and assists in development of the baby bird inside of it.

Procedure

1. Read and complete a lab safety form.

2. Place an uncooked egg in a bowl.

3. Feel the shell, and record your observations in your Science Journal.

4. Crack open the egg. Pour the contents into the bowl.

5. Observe the inside of the shell and the contents of the bowl. Record your observations in your Science Journal.

Think About This

1. What do you think is the role of the eggshell?

2. Are there any structures in the bowl that have the same function as the eggshell? Explain.

3.

Key Concept What does the structure of the eggshell tell you about its function?

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Cell Structure and Function

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Content Vocabulary

LESSON 2

The Cell

Directions: Use the clues and the terms listed below to complete the puzzle. NOTE: There is no empty square in the puzzle between the words of two-word terms.

cell membrane cytoskeleton

cell wall envelope function

chloroplast nucleus

cytoplasm organelle

1

2

3

4

5

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6

7

8

9

Clues

Across 4. organelle that contains DNA

Down 1. stiff structure outside the cell membrane

6. a flexible covering that surrounds a cell

2. an outer covering

7. fluid inside the cell that contains salts and other molecules

3. a network of threadlike proteins within a cell

8. a membrane-surrounded component within a cell

5. organelle that conducts photosynthesis

9. the action for which something is used

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Cell Structure and Function

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Lesson Outline

LESSON 2

The Cell

A. Cell Shape and Movement

1. A cell is made of different a cell alive.

that work together and keep

2. The

is a flexible covering that protects the inside

of a cell from the environment outside.

3. A cell membrane is mostly made of phospholipids and

.

4. A(n) of some cells.

is a stiff structure outside the cell membrane

5.

, fungal cells, and some types of bacteria have cell walls.

6. Cell appendages are often used for

.

a. Long, tail-like appendages called and move a cell.

whip back and forth

b.

are short, hairlike structures that can move a cell or

move molecules away from a cell.

7. Most water in a cell is in the and other molecules.

, a fluid that contains salts

8. The

is made of a network of threadlike proteins that

are joined to form a framework inside a cell.

B. Cell Types

1. With advanced microscopes, scientists discovered that all cells can be grouped into

two types--prokaryotic and

.

2. The most important feature of a(n) genetic material is not surrounded by a membrane.

cell is that the

3. Plants, eukaryotic cells.

, fungi, and protists are made of one or more

4. Every eukaryotic cell has membrane-surrounded components, called

, which have specialized functions.

C. Cell Organelles

1. The

is the part of a eukaryotic cell that directs cell

activities and contains genetic information stored in DNA.

2. Surrounding the nucleus are two membranes that form a structure called the

nuclear

.

Cell Structure and Function

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Lesson Outline continued

3.

are made in small structures called ribosomes.

4. Ribosomes can be found in a cell's weblike organelle called the endoplasmic reticulum.

or attached to a

5. Energy is released during chemical reactions that occur in

the

.

6.

is the fuel for cellular processes such as growth, cell

division, and material transport.

7. Chloroplasts are membrane-bound organelles that use energy and make glucose from water and carbon dioxide. This energy drives a

process known as

.

8. The Golgi apparatus prepares

and packages them into

ball-like structures called

.

9.

are organelles that help recycle cellular components.

10. Vacuoles are organelles that material.

food, water, and waste

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Cell Structure and Function

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MiniLab

LESSON 2: 25 minutes

How do eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells compare?

With the use of better microscopes, scientists discovered that cells can be classified as one of two types--prokaryotic or eukaryotic.

Procedure

1. Read and complete a lab safety form.

2. Using different craft items, make a two-dimensional model of a eukaryotic cell.

of cell structures assigned by your teacher.

4. Make each cell structure the correct shape, as shown in this lesson.

3. In your cell model, include the number

5. Make a label for each cell structure of your model.

Data and Observations

Analyze and Conclude

1. Describe the nucleus of your cell.

2. Classify your cell as either a plant cell or an animal cell, and support your classification with evidence.

3.

Key Concept Compare and contrast a prokaryotic cell, as shown in Figure 8 in

your textbook, with your eukaryotic cell model.

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Cell Structure and Function

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Content Practice A

LESSON 2

The Cell

Directions: On each line, write the term from the word bank that correctly completes each sentence.

energy processing glucose production proteins waste material

fluid harmful organisms protein

framework movement specific jobs

genetic material outside transport substances

Cell Structure Cell membrane

Purpose of Cell Structure 1. The cell membrane protects the inside of the cell from the environment

the cell.

Cell wall

2. The cell wall protects a cell from attack by

.

Cell appendages 3. Cell appendages are often used for

.

Cytoplasm

4. Cytoplasm is a(n)

inside the cell.

Cytoskeleton

5. The cytoskeleton forms a(n)

inside the cell.

Nucleus

Ribosomes

Endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondria

6. The nucleus is the part of a eukaryotic cell that directs all cell

activity and contains

.

7. Important molecules made by ribosomes

are

.

8. An endoplasmic reticulum that has ribosomes attached is a site

of

.

9. Mitochondria are the sites of

.

Chloroplasts

10. Chloroplasts process light energy, water, and carbon dioxide to

make

and release oxygen.

Golgi apparatus 11. The Golgi apparatus prepares proteins for

.

Vesicles

12. Vesicles

to other areas of a cell.

Vacuoles

13. Vacuoles store food, water, and

.

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Cell Structure and Function

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Content Practice B

The Cell

Directions: On each line, write the term that correctly completes each sentence.

LESSON 2

Cell Structure Cell membrane

Purpose of Cell Structure

1. The cell membrane protects the inside of the cell from the environment the cell.

Cell wall

2. The cell wall protects a cell from attack by

.

Cell appendages 3. Cell appendages are often used for

.

Cytoplasm

4. Cytoplasm is a(n)

inside the cell.

Cytoskeleton

5. The cytoskeleton forms a(n)

inside the cell.

Nucleus

Ribosomes

Endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondria

6. The nucleus is the part of a eukaryotic cell that directs all cell activity and

contains

.

7. Important molecules made by ribosomes are .

8. An endoplasmic reticulum that has ribosomes attached is a site

of

.

9. Mitochondria are the sites of

.

Chloroplasts

10. Chloroplasts process light energy, water, and carbon dioxide to make and release oxygen.

Golgi apparatus 11. The Golgi apparatus prepares proteins for

.

Vesicles

12. Vesicles

to other areas of a cell.

Vacuoles

13. Vacuoles store food, water, and

.

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Cell Structure and Function

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