Non-Profit Leadership Certification Program
Understanding Cultural Differences:
Five Cultural Value Orientations
|Concerns/ Orientations |Possible Responses |
|Self/Human Nature: What is the |Evil. Most people can't be |Mixed. There are both evil |Good. Most people are basically |
|basic nature of people? Can we |trusted. People are basically |people and good people. You have|pretty good at heart; they are |
|learn to change [either |evil and need to be controlled. |to check people out to find out |born good. |
|direction] (or are we born that |People can (cannot) learn to |which they are. |But they are subject to |
|way and can’t change)? |change (need salvation). |People can (not) be changed with|corruption (will always be |
|Also: Self-orientation | |the right guidance. |good). |
|Humanity and Its Relationship to|Subordinate to Nature. People |Harmony with Nature. Man should,|Mastery over Nature. We can and|
|Natural Environment: What is the|really can't control or change |in every way, live in harmony |should exercise control over the|
|appropriate relationship of |the forces or nature. Life is |with the forces of nature. |forces of nature. Everything |
|humanity to nature (and |largely determined by external |Partial, but not total control |from air conditioning to the |
|supernature)? |forces, incl. fate and genetics.|may be desirable. |"green revolution" has resulted |
| |What happens was meant to | |from having met this challenge. |
|Jandt’s “world view” |happen. | | |
|Time Sense: On what aspect of |Past. People should focus on the|Present. The present moment is |Future. Planning and goal |
|time should we primarily focus? |past, draw the values they live |everything. Let's make the most|setting make it possible for |
| |by from history. Focus on |of it. Don't worry about |people to accomplish miracles, |
| |preserving and maintaining the |tomorrow: enjoy today. |to change and grow. Seek new |
| |traditions of the past. |Accommodate changes in beliefs |ways to replace the old. |
| | |and traditions. | |
|Activity: What is the primary |Being. To express oneself. |(Being-in-)Becoming. The main |Doing. To achieve something. If |
|motivation for activity? |Internal motivation. It's enough|purpose for being placed on this|people work hard and apply |
| |to just "be." It's not |earth is to grow one’s |themselves fully, their efforts |
| |necessary to accomplish great |abilities. |will be rewarded. Extrinsic |
| |things in life to feel your life| |motivation. What you accomplish |
| |has been worthwhile. | |is a measure of your worth. |
|Social Relations: How should we |Hierarchically (Lineal). There |Collateral (as Equals). The best|Individualistic. All people |
|relate to other people? What is |is a natural order to relations,|way to be organized is as a |should have equal rights, and |
|the best form of social |some people are born to lead, |group, where everyone shares in |each should have complete |
|organization? |others are followers. Defer to |the decision process. It is |control over one's own destiny. |
| |higher authority. Decisions |important not to make important |Independence of decision is |
|Group relations, relational |should be made by those in |decisions alone. Emphasis is on |valued. Decisions as a group it |
|orientation |charge. |consensus of equals. |should be "one person one vote" |
This chart is a culture analysis tool based on the work of Kluckhohn & Strodtbeck (1961). It has been adapted from Tom Gallagher, “The Value Orientations Method: A Tool to Help Understand Cultural Differences.” Journal of Extension 39:6 (Dec. 2001). Available online at .
................
................
In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.
To fulfill the demand for quickly locating and searching documents.
It is intelligent file search solution for home and business.
Related searches
- federal grants for non profit organizations
- non profit banking accounts
- free non profit business plan template
- non profit debt relief companies
- non profit vice president responsibilities
- non profit debt relief programs
- non profit credit consolidation services
- free non profit debt consolidation
- non profit credit counseling service
- non profit certification programs online
- non profit vs not for profit organizations
- non profit vs not for profit definition