Five Big Ideas of Early Reading Instruction
Five Big Ideas of Early Reading Instruction
| | |What it is | |How it’s taught |
|Phonemic Awareness | |The ability to notice, think about, | |Focus on sound |
| | |and work with the individual sounds | |Identify & blend: |
| | |in spoken words | |Onsets (initial consonant or consonant clusters) |
| | | | |Rimes (vowel and consonants that follow the onset) |
| | | | |Segment, blend and manipulate sounds |
|Phonics | |Phonics and word study (decoding | |• Practice knowledge of letter-sound correspondences |
| | |strategies) involve the systematic | |• Decode and read words |
| | |instruction of letter-sound relations| |• Manipulate, categorize, and examine the similarities and differences in |
| | |to read and spell words accurately | |words |
| | |and quickly. | | |
|Vocabulary | |How children acquire an understanding| |• Provide key experiences |
| | |of new words and concepts | |• Promote wide reading |
| | | | |• Lead discussions through questioning |
|Fluency | |Reading quickly, accurately, and with| |• Practice reading words automatically (accurately and quickly with little|
| | |expression | |attention or effort) |
| | | | |• Increase speed (or rate) of reading while maintaining accuracy |
| | | | |• Practice reading with expression |
|Comprehension | |The process that enables readers to | |• Read text aloud |
| | |make meaning of text, and to | |• Communicate to others about what they read |
| | |communicate meaning about what was | |• Promote thinking and extended discourse through questioning and |
| | |read | |discussions |
| |
|RESOURCES: |
|August & Shanahan (editors) (2006) Developing Literacy in Second-Language Learners: Report of the National Literacy Panel on Language-Minority Children|
|& Youth. |
|NAEYC & IRA (1998) Learning to Read & Write: Developmentally Appropriate Practices for Young Children. Available online |
|. |
|National Reading Panel (2000) Teaching Children to Read: Report of the National Reading Panel. Available online: |
| |
|National Institute for Literacy (2001) Put Reading First: Helping Your Child Learn to Read: A Parent Guide: Preschool through Grade 3 Available online:|
| |
|Armbruster (2001) Put Reading First: The Research Building Blocks for Teaching Children to Read. Available online: |
| |
|Fillmore & Snow (2000) What Teachers Need to Know about Language. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics |
|Vaughan Gross Center for Reading and Language Arts. |
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